Average usual hours and wages by selected characteristics, monthly, unadjusted for seasonality (x 1,000)^{1, 2, 3, 4}

To ensure respondent confidentiality, estimates below a certain threshold are suppressed. For Canada, Quebec, Ontario, Alberta and British Columbia suppression is applied to all data below 1,500. The threshold level for Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Manitoba and Saskatchewan is 500, while in Prince Edward Island, estimates under 200 are suppressed. For census metropolitan areas (CMAs) and economic regions (ERs), use their respective provincial suppression levels mentioned above. Estimates are based on smaller sample sizes the more detailed the table becomes, which could result in lower data quality.

For approximate quality indicators of the estimates, see tables 7.1 or 7.2 in the Guide to the Labour Force Survey (opens new window). For quality indicators of specific data points, contact statcan.labour-travail.statcan@statcan.gc.ca

Beginning January 1997, information is collected on the usual wages or salary of employees at their main job. Respondents are asked to report their wage/salary before taxes and other deductions, and include tips, commissions and bonuses. Weekly and hourly wages/salaries are calculated in conjunction with usual paid work hours per week. Starting in 2006, enhancements to the Labour Force Survey processing system have introduced a level shift in average and median wages. Use caution when comparing estimates before and after 2006. For more information, contact statcan.labour-travail.statcan@statcan.gc.ca

Starting in 2006, enhancements to the Labour Force Survey data processing system may have introduced a level shift in some estimates, particularly for less common labour force characteristics. Use caution when comparing estimates before and after 2006. For more information, contact statcan.labour-travail.statcan@statcan.gc.ca

Excluding the territories.

Gender

Gender refers to an individual's personal and social identity as a man, woman or non-binary person (a person who is not exclusively a man or a woman). Some people may not identify with a specific gender and a person's gender may change over time.

Gender includes the following concepts:

• gender identity, which refers to the gender that a person feels internally and individually;
• gender expression, which refers to the way a person presents their gender, regardless of their gender identity, through body language, aesthetic choices or accessories (for example, clothes, hairstyle and makeup), which may have traditionally been associated with a specific gender.

A person's gender may differ from their sex at birth, and from what is indicated on their current identification or legal documents such as their birth certificate, passport or driver's license. LFS started collecting gender of person in 2022. Prior to 2022, LFS only collected information on sex of person (male or female), as declared by the respondent or recorded by the interviewer. The sex variable prior to 2022 and the two-category gender variable since 2022 are combined in this table. Although sex and gender refer to two different concepts, the introduction of gender is not expected to have a significant impact on data analysis and historical comparability, given the small size of the transgender and non-binary populations.

Given that the non-binary population is small, data aggregation to a two-category gender variable is necessary to protect the confidentiality of responses provided. Individuals in the category "non-binary persons" are distributed into the other two gender categories and are denoted by the "+" symbol. The category "Men+" includes men, as well as some non-binary persons, while the category "Women+" includes women, as well as some non-binary persons.

Employees who are members of a union and employees who are not union members but are covered by a collective agreement or union contract.

Employees who are not members of a union or not covered by a collective agreement or union contract.

A permanent job is one that is expected to last as long as the employee wants it, given that business conditions permit. That is, there is no pre-determined termination date.

A temporary job has a predetermined end date, or will end as soon as a specified project is completed. Includes seasonal jobs; temporary, term or contract jobs including work done through a temporary help agency; casual jobs; and other temporary work.

Occupation estimates are based on the 2021 National Occupational Classification (NOC). Occupation refers to the kind of work persons 15 years of age and over were doing during the reference week, as determined by the kind of work reported and the description of the most important duties of the job. If the individual did not have a job during the reference week, the data relate to the previous job, if that job was held in the past year.

This combines the National Occupational Classification (NOC) codes 00, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90.

This combines the National Occupational Classification (NOC) codes 11 to 14.

This combines the National Occupational Classification (NOC) codes 21 to 22.

This combines the National Occupational Classification (NOC) codes 31 to 33.

This combines the National Occupational Classification (NOC) codes 41 to 45.

This combines the National Occupational Classification (NOC) codes 51 to 55.

This combines the National Occupational Classification (NOC) codes 62 to 65.

This combines the National Occupational Classification (NOC) codes 72 to 75.

This combines the National Occupational Classification (NOC) codes 82 to 85.

This combines the National Occupational Classification (NOC) codes 92 to 95.