Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics Youth Custody and Community Services

Jurisdiction
Year

Introduction

This information is collected under the authority of the Statistics Act, Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, Chapter S-19.

Completion of this questionnaire is a legal requirement under this act.

Purpose of Survey

The Youth Custody and Community Services (YCCS) survey provides important indicators as to the nature and characteristics of correctional caseflow that are of use to agencies responsible for the delivery of these services, the media and the public. The survey collects annual data on the delivery of youth correctional services by the provincial/territorial correctional systems. Key themes include: new admissions (commencements) to correctional programs of sentenced custody, probation, and other community-based programs. The information may also be used by Statistics Canada for other statistical and research purposes.

Confidentiality

Statistics Canada is prohibited by law from releasing any information it collects which could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent or as permitted by the Statistics Act. Statistics Canada will use the information from this survey for statistical purposes.

Record Linkage

To enhance the data from this survey and to minimize the reporting burden, Statistics Canada may combine it with information from other surveys or from administrative sources.

For More Information

Visit the "Information for survey participants" page at www.statcan.gc.ca.

Note: Statistics Canada advises you that there could be a risk of disclosure during the transmission of information by facsimile or email. However, upon receipt, Statistics Canada will provide the guaranteed level of protection afforded all information collected under the authority of the Statistics Act.

Survey Instructions

Select the language of your choice by clicking the "English / Français" button displayed at the top of each page.
Enter data in white cells. Totals will calculate automatically in the shaded green cells and cannot be edited.
For tables 2 to 20, admissions and releases must be counted each time the custody or community status of an individual changes, providing an indication of the total workload associated with an individual as he/she moves through the corrections system. For example, a person admitted to pre-trial detention, sentenced to secure custody and supervision, followed by time served on probation is counted three times. For detailed definitions and scoring rules for admissions and releases, please refer to the glossary.
For table 1, Initial Entry counts must count only the status under which a person first makes contact with correctional services. Using the example in point 3, the same person must be counted only once, and the initial entry would be classified as pre-trial detention.
Means and medians cannot be automatically calculated by the questionnaire. These must be entered manually in tables 8, 11, 12, 15, 16, 19 and 20.
Clicking the "Glossary / Glossaire" button at the top of any page opens a list of the Core Definitions, ordered alphabetically to facilitate your search. Return to the survey by clicking the "Survey / l'Enquête" button.

Contact Information

Please provide the name and title of the person who completed this questionnaire. We require this information for follow-up purposes. It is recommended that you keep a copy of this questionnaire for your records in case we require clarification about the information provided.

Name of person completing form
Title
Phone
Fax
E-mail
Date

STC/CCJ-135
Statistics Canada/Statistique Canada
Canada

Table 1: Number of Young Persons Commencing Correctional Services by Status at Initial Entry¹

Total Initial Entry
Pre-Trial Detention
Secure Custody
- Total Secure Custody
- Custody & Supervision
- Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
Open Custody
- Total Open Custody
- Custody & Supervision
- Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
Community
- Intensive Support and Supervision
- Non-Residential Program
- Deferred Custody & Supervision
- Probation
- Other²

Initial Entry: The status representing the first point at which a youth commences uninterrupted supervision within the youth corrections system.
Other: This category includes the number of youth who have commenced their period of supervision with other community sentences such as fine options, orders for restitution, compensation or other community or personal services, and other sentences deemed appropriate by the youth justice court, not including extrajudicial sanctions (EJS).

Comments:

Table 2: Admissions to Custody

Total Admissions
Pre-trial Detention
Provincial Director Remand
Secure Custody
- Total Secure Custody
- Custody & Supervision
- Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
Open Custody
- Total Open Custody
- Custody & Supervision
- Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision

Comments:

Table 3: Admissions to Community Corrections

Total Admissions
Community Portion of Custody Sentences
- Custody & Supervision
- Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
Community
- Intensive Support and Supervision
- Non-Residential Program
- Deferred Custody and Supervision
- Probation
- Other

Comments:

Table 4: Releases from Custody

Total Releases
Pre-trial Detention
Provincial Director Remand
Secure Custody
- Total Secure Custody
- Custody & Supervision
- Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
Open Custody
- Total Open Custody
- Custody & Supervision
- Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision

Comments:

Table 5: Releases from Community Supervision

Total Releases
Community Portion of Custody Sentences
- Custody & Supervision
- Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision
Community
- Intensive Support and Supervision
- Non-Residential Program
- Deferred Custody and Supervision
- Probation
- Other

Comments:

Table 6: Admissions to Pre-Trial Detention and Provincial Director Remand by Age and Sex

Age at Time of Admission
- Total
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 12
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 13
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 14
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 15
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 16
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 17
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 18+
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Unknown
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown

Comments:

Table 7: Admissions to Pre-Trial Detention and Provincial Director Remand by Aboriginal Status and Sex

Total
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Aboriginal
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Non-Aboriginal
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Unknown
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown

Comments:

Table 8: Releases from Pre-Trial Detention by Time Served and Sex

Length of Time Served
- Total
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 1 Week or less
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 1 week to 1 month
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 6 months
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >6 months to 1 year
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- More than 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Unknown
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Mean (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Median (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown

Comments:

Table 9: Admissions to Secure Custody by Age and Sex, (for each of the following Custody Status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision)

Age at Time of Admission
- Total
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 12
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 13
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 14
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 15
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 16
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 17
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 18+
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Unknown
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown

Comments:

Table 10: Admissions to Secure Custody by Aboriginal Status and Sex, (for each of the following Custody Status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision)

Total
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Aboriginal
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Non-Aboriginal
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Unknown
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown

Comments:

Table 11: Admissions to Secure Custody by Aggregate Sentence Length and Sex, (for each of the following Custody Status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision)

Sentence Length
- Total
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 1 month or less
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 6 months
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >6 months to 1 year
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- More than 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Unknown
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Mean (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Median (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown

Comments:

Table 12: Releases from Secure Custody by Time Served and Sex, (for each of the following Custody Status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision)

Length of Time Served
- Total
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 1 month or less
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 6 months
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >6 months to 1 year
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- More than 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Unknown
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Mean (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Median (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown

Comments:

Table 13: Admissions to Open Custody by Age and Sex, (for each of the following Custody Status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision)

Age at Time of Admission
- Total
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 12
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 13
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 14
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 15
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 16
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 17
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 18+
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Unknown
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown

Comments:

Table 14: Admissions to Open Custody by Aboriginal Status and Sex, (for each of the following Custody Status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision)

Total
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Aboriginal
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Non-Aboriginal
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Unknown
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown

Comments:

Table 15: Admissions to Open Custody by Aggregate Sentence Length and Sex, (for each of the following Custody Status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision)

Sentence Length
- Total
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 1 month or less
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 6 months
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >6 months to 1 year
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- More than 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Unknown
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Mean (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Median (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown

Comments:

Table 16: Releases from Open Custody by Time Served and Sex, (for each of the following Custody Status: Total, Custody & Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision)

Length of Time Served
- Total
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 1 month or less
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 6 months
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >6 months to 1 year
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- More than 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Unknown
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Mean (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Median (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown

Comments:

Table 17: Admissions to Community Corrections by Age and Sex, (for each of the following Community Status: Total, Custody and Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, Intensive Support & Supervision, Non-Residential Program, Deferred Custody & Supervision, Probation, Other)

Age at Time of Admission
- Total
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 12
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 13
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 14
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 15
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 16
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 17
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 18+
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Unknown
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown

Comments:

Table 18: Admissions to Community Corrections by Aboriginal Status and Sex, (for each of the following Community Status: Total, Custody and Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, Intensive Support & Supervision, Non-Residential Program, Deferred Custody & Supervision, Probation, Other)

Total
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Aboriginal
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Non-Aboriginal
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown
Unknown
- Total
- Male
- Female
- Unknown

Comments:

Table 19: Admissions to Community Corrections by Sentence Length and Sex, (for each of the following Community Status: Total, Custody and Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, Intensive Support & Supervision, Non-Residential Program, Deferred Custody & Supervision, Probation, Other)

Sentence Length
- Total
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 3 month or less
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >3 to 6 months
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >6 months to 1 year
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- More than 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Unknown
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Mean (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Median (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown

Comments:

Table 20: Releases from Community Corrections by Time Served and Sex, (for each of the following Community Status: Total, Custody and Supervision, Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision, Intensive Support & Supervision, Non-Residential Program, Deferred Custody & Supervision, Probation, Other)

Length of Time Served
- Total
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- 1 month or less
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 6 months
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >6 months to 1 year
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- >1 to 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- More than 2 years
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Unknown
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Mean (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown
- Median (days)
  - Total
  - Male
  - Female
  - Unknown

Comments:

YCCS Core Definitions

Aboriginal Status:
Indicates whether the youth is Aboriginal. Aboriginal status includes North American Indian, Métis and Inuit whether registered or not. Please note that this variable is self-reported and data availability varies among jurisdictions.

Admission:
Admissions are collected each time a person begins any type of custodial or community supervision, and describe and measure the case-flow in correctional agencies over time. The same person can be included several times in the admission counts where the individual moves from one type of legal status to another (e.g., from open to secure custody) or re-enters the system in the same year. As such, admissions represent the number of entries within a fiscal year to sentenced custody, to remand, and to community supervision regardless of the individual's preceding or following legal status.

Age:
Refers to the age of the young person at the time of admission into a custody status or community program.

Aggregate sentence:
The earliest start date and the latest end date within a specific status.

Custody and Supervision - Community Portion:
The period of time, or the portion of the young persons youth sentence that must, with exception of completing an application for continuation of custody, be served in the community.

Custody and Supervision - Custodial Portion:
The period of time, or the portion of, the young persons youth sentence that must be served in custody before he or she begins to serve the remainder under community supervision.

Deferred Custody:
Like a conditional sentence within adult sentencing, deferred custody is a community-based alternative to a custodial sentence. Under a deferred custody order, the young person will serve his or her sentence in the community under a set of strict conditions. If these conditions are not followed, the young person may be sent to custody to serve the balance of that sentence.

Extrajudicial Sanctions:
An action other than a judicial proceeding used to deal with a young person alleged to have committed an offence. Participants in extrajudicial sanctions program may or may not have been charged by the police. Information on extrajudicial sanctions is not within the scope of the YCCS.

Initial Entry:
The status representing the first point at which a youth commences uninterrupted supervision within the youth corrections system.

Intensive Rehabilitative Custody & Supervision (IRCS):
Sentence intended to be a treatment sentence applicable to young persons guilty of the most serious violent offences and who are suffering from mental, psychological, or emotional disorders. It is the most serious youth sentencing option available under the YCJA.

Intensive Support and Supervision Program:
(ISSP) - Provides intensive individual and family therapy for youth with complex mental health issues, who have been found guilty of an offence that would otherwise result in custody, but whose mental health issues are determined to best be addressed by home and community interventions.

Mean:
The mean of a population is obtained by adding up the values of every observation in the population and then dividing the result by the number of observations in the population.

Median:
The median of a population is referred to as the midpoint of a distribution, once the distribution has been arranged from the lowest to highest value, where an equal number of observations are above and below this point.

Open custody:
A facility is considered "open" when there is minimal use of security devices or perimeter security. The extent to which facilities are "open" varies across jurisdictions. Open custody facilities include community residential centres, group homes, childcare institutions, forest or wilderness camps etc.

Probation:
A common type of community-based sentence, where the young person is placed under the supervision of a probation officer or other designated person. Unsupervised probation orders are excluded.

Provincial Director Remand:
To hold a young person in custody following the breach of community supervision conditions pursuant to a warrant issued by the Provincial Director.

Releases:
Releases represent the end of a legal status in correctional services and do not necessarily represent the end of supervision by correctional services. The same person can be included several times in the release counts where the individual moves from one type of legal status to another (e.g., from remand to sentenced custody and then to community services). As such, releases represent the number of movements within a fiscal year out of remand, sentenced custody and the community statuses regardless of the individual's preceding or following legal status.

Remand/Pre-trial Detention:
To hold a young person temporarily in custody, while awaiting trial or sentencing.

Reporting Period:
The reference time period (e.g., fiscal year - April 1 to March 31) during which a youth must be active in order to be extracted for YCCS purposes. A youth is active if he/she is under the supervision of the Provincial/Territorial Director of youth corrections (e.g., serving a sentence, or under community supervision).

Secure Custody:
A facility is considered "secure" when young persons are detained by security devices, including those facilities which operate with full perimeter security features and/or where youths are under constant observation. The extent to which facilities are "secure" varies across jurisdictions.

Sentence:
Under the YCJA, a youth justice court orders a sentence upon finding a young person guilty of an offence. Sentence types include the following:

Custodial Sentences: include Custody and Supervision - open, and custody and supervision - secure; and
Community Supervision: includes intensive support and supervision, deferred custody and supervision, supervised probation, community service order, personal service order, compensation, restitution, or any other sentence deemed appropriate.

Sentence Length:
This refers to the aggregate sentence or total amount of continuous days for a particular sentence that a young person is ordered to serve under the Young Offenders Act or the Youth Criminal Justice Act. The specific amount of days must be for an uninterrupted period of time during which the youth is under the authority of the Provincial/Territorial Director. For multiple custodial sentences (i.e., secure and open custody), if sentences are concurrent then the sentence length is the longest sentence; if the sentences are consecutive, then the sentence length is the sum of all custodial sentences; and if sentences are both concurrent and consecutive then the aggregate sentence is the sum of both types as calculated above.

Sentenced Custody:
Refers to both secure and open custody.

Status of Supervision:
The program status in which the young person is under the responsibility of correctional services (e.g., secure custody, open custody, pre-trial detention, probation or other community supervision).

Time Served:
Refers to the aggregate time served or total amount of days a young person spent upon completion of an uninterrupted period of time under a particular status during which time the youth was under the authority of the Provincial/ Territorial Director.

Young Person (YCJA)/Young Offender (YOA):
A person who is twelve years of age or older, but less than eighteen years of age, at the time of committing an offence.

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Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics Youth Custody and Community Services

Introduction

Purpose of Survey

Confidentiality

Record Linkage

For More Information

Survey Instructions

Contact Information

YCCS Core Definitions