Information on the Reporting Institution
Consolidated Reporting
We kindly request that you make every effort possible to provide consolidated information when reporting research and development expenditures, intellectual property produced, partnerships, and other relevant aggregates for your institution by including the values of legal entities under your control such as affiliated business schools and laboratories throughout this questionnaire. Consolidated reporting helps ensure accuracy and completeness of the estimates for the Higher Education Sector. Thank you for your cooperation.
Question 1. Please provide the number of all affiliated institutions that are separate legal entities from your institution.
Legal entity refers to various organizational forms recognized by law as capable of holding legal rights and obligations. Key types include Corporations, Partnerships, Sole Proprietorships, Trusts, and Non-profit Organizations.
- Number of institutions
Question 2. Please provide the name of all affiliated institutions that are separate legal entities from your institution.
- Legal name of the institution
Question 3. Please provide information of all affiliated institutions that are separate legal entities from your institution and indicate if their responses are consolidated with your institution in this questionnaire.
- Name of institution:
- Federal Business number (9 digits):
- Type of institution:
- Select:
- University
- College
- Hospital
- Engineering School
- Management or Commerce School
- Other School or Faculty
- Technology Access Centre
- Centre Collégial de Transfert Technologies
- Technology Transfer Office
- Other Laboratory or research Centres
- Other
- Select:
- Accounted for in the estimates (Yes or No):
- Select:
- Yes
- No
- Select:
R&D Performed
Reference Period for the Survey
Unless otherwise specified the reference period for this survey refers to the federal government fiscal year cycle which is from April 1 to March 31.
Definition of Research and Development Expenditures for the Survey
For this survey, R&D expenditures include both sponsored and non-sponsored research activities.
R&D expenditures also include the following items:
- capital R&D expenditures
- R&D expenditures in the social sciences and humanities
- payments for R&D performed by other organizations outside Canada.
“In-house R&D” refers to expenditures within Canada for R&D performed within this institution by:
- employees (permanent, temporary or casual)
- self-employed individuals or contractors who are working on-site on this business’s R&D projects.
“Outsourced R&D” refers to payments made within or outside Canada to other businesses, organizations or individuals to fund R&D performance:
- grants
- fellowships
- contracts.
Question 4. Please provide this institution’s total expenditures in R&D performed in-house within Canada in the last 3 years.
Please report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.
Total in-house R&D expenditures in Canada ($ ‘000):
- Fiscal year ended in March 2022
- Fiscal year ended in March 2023
- Fiscal year ended in March 2024
Question 5. From April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, what were the sources of funds for this institution’s total expenditures for R&D performed in-house?
Include Canadian and foreign sources.
Please report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.
Report “0” for no R&D expenditures.
| From within Canada | From outside Canada | |
|---|---|---|
| a. Federal government grants or funding | $ ‘000 | $ ‘000 |
| b. Federal government contracts | $ ‘000 | $ ‘000 |
| c. Provincial or territorial government grants or funding and contracts | $ ‘000 | $ ‘000 |
| d. Municipal government grants or funding and contracts | $ ‘000 | $ ‘000 |
| e. Indigenous government grants or funding and contracts | $ ‘000 | $ ‘000 |
| f Institution’s own funds spent on R&D | $ ‘000 | $ ‘000 |
| g. Private sector funding, including any partner contribution on grants | $ ‘000 | $ ‘000 |
| h. Non-profit sector funding | $ ‘000 | $ ‘000 |
| i. Value of in-kind contributions received for research from private sector | $ ‘000 | $ ‘000 |
| j. Value of in-kind contributions received for research from non-profit sector | $ ‘000 | $ ‘000 |
Question 6. From April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, how were this institution’s total expenditures for R&D performed in-house within Canada distributed by field(s) of research and development?
Exclude:
- payments for outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D.
- capital depreciation
Report “0” for no R&D expenditures.
| Field(s) of research and development | Amount |
|---|---|
| a. Natural and formal sciences Exclude computer sciences, information technology and bioinformatics (to be reported at lines c. and d.). e.g., Mathematics, physical sciences, chemical sciences, earth and related environmental sciences, biological sciences, and other natural sciences |
$ ‘000 |
| b. Engineering and technology Exclude software engineering and technology (to be reported at line c). e.g., Civil engineering, electrical engineering, electronic engineering and communications technology, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, materials engineering, medical engineering, environmental engineering, environmental biotechnology, industrial biotechnology, nanotechnology, and other engineering and technologies |
$ ‘000 |
| c. Software-related sciences and technology e.g., Software engineering and technology, computer sciences, information technology and bioinformatics |
$ ‘000 |
| d. Medical and health sciences e.g., Basic medicine, clinical medicine, health sciences, medical biotechnology, and other medical sciences |
$ ‘000 |
| e. Agricultural sciences e.g., Agriculture, forestry and fisheries sciences, animal and dairy sciences, veterinary sciences, agricultural biotechnology, and other agricultural sciences |
$ ‘000 |
| f. Social sciences and humanities e.g., Psychology, educational sciences, economics and business, and other social sciences and humanities |
$ ‘000 |
| 2024 - Total in-house R&D expenditures within Canada by field of research and development (Sum of a. to f. should equal total in-house R&D expenditures from question 4) | $ ‘000 |
Question 7. From April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, did your institution perform R&D related to the following emerging technologies?
Note: Press the help button (?) for additional definitions or explanations.
- Integrated Internet of Things (IoT) Systems
- Yes
- No
- Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- Yes
- No
- Geomatics or geospatial technologies
- Yes
- No
- Virtual, mixed and augmented reality technologies
- Yes
- No
- Biotechnology: biomanufacturing
- Yes
- No
- Biotechnology: genomics
- Yes
- No
- Other biotechnologies
- Yes
- No
- Blockchain or distributed ledger technologies (BDL)
- Yes
- No
- Nanotechnology
- Yes
- No
- Quantum computing
- Yes
- No
- Other emerging technology, please specify
Question 8. Does your institution possess a centralized research office such as an Applied Research Office or equivalent, a Technology Access Centre, a Centre Collégial de Transfert de Technologies, a Technology Transfer Office or a Research Park?
Type of office or centre:
- Applied Research Office or equivalent
- Yes
- No
- Technology Access Centre
- Yes
- No
- Centre Collégial de Transfert de Technologies
- Yes
- No
- Technology Transfer Office
- Yes
- No
- Research Park
- Yes
- No
Intellectual Property Outputs: Prototypes and processes
Question 9. From April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, how many new prototypes or new processes were developed at your institution?
Prototypes are defined as an original model constructed to include all the technical and performance characteristics of the new product.
Processes are defined as transformation of inputs to outputs and their delivery or to organizational structures or practices.
- Count
- New prototypes
- New processes
Intellectual Property Disclosures and Applications
Question 10. Has the institution engaged in any of the following forms of Intellectual Property (IP) protection activities from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024?
Select all that apply.
- Filing of patent applications
- Registration of copyright for computer software or databases
- Registration of copyright for literary, artistic, dramatic or musical works, books, papers
- Registration of copyright for educational materials
- Registration of industrial designs
- Filing for protection of trademarks or official marks
- Registration of integrated circuit topographies
- Filing of applications for plant breeders’ rights
- Execution of non-disclosure or confidentiality agreements
- Administration of material transfer agreements (MTAs) inbound
- Administration of material transfer agreements (MTAs) outbound
- Other
Please specify:
Question 11. From April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, if applicable, how many Intellectual Property (IP) disclosures have been made at the institution? How many have led to formal protection activity? And how many have not resulted in any protection activity?
Please indicate “0” if there is no amount to report.
| Number of disclosures | Number of disclosures resulted in protection activity | Number of disclosures did not result in protection activity | |
|---|---|---|---|
| a. Inventions | |||
| b. Computer software or databases | |||
| c. Educational materials | |||
| d. Other materials | |||
| e. Industrial designs | |||
| f. Trademarks or official marks | |||
| g. Integrated circuit topographies | |||
| h. New plant varieties | |||
| i. Other |
Question 12. From April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, how many initiating or follow-on patent applications were filed with the support of the institution?
Initiating patent applications include Provisionals or first filings. Follow-on patent applications include any that claim priority from an initiating patent application (e.g., CIPs). Regarding international patent applications (e.g., Patent Cooperation Treaty, PCT), count the parent PCT as one application and each entry into national phase as one application.
Please indicate “0” if there are no patents to report for this year.
| Total | |
|---|---|
| Initiating | |
| Follow-on | |
| Total patent applications |
Question 13. From April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, of the patents filed with the support of the institution, indicate how many were issued, whether or not the institution retained the rights.
Please indicate “0” if there are no patents to report for this year.
- Total patents issued from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024
Question 14. At the end of the reference period, from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, what was the total number of active patents held by the institution, including patents issued this year and how many were licensed, assigned or otherwise commercialized?
| Total | |
|---|---|
| a. Patents held at the end of the reference period, from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024 | |
| b. Patents licensed, assigned or otherwise commercialized at the end of the reference period, from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024 |
Research Partnerships and Collaborations
Question 15. Please provide the following information about partnerships at your institution from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024.
Please report partnerships in only one category that best represents them.
Partnership with a sponsored research component should always be reported in research and development agreements, even if they have a co-op or technical service component.
Please provide the total count of individuals, regardless of their employment status or hours worked.
| Type of partnerships | Number of partnerships | Number of students involved |
|---|---|---|
| a. Research and development agreements | ||
| b. Service-for-fee or technical service agreements | ||
| c. Partnerships focused-on student training, internship, co-op or professional development | ||
| d. Other partnerships | ||
|
Total |
Question 16. Please provide the following information about partnerships involving at least one industry partner at your institution from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024.
Please report partnerships in only one category that best represents them.
Partnership with a sponsored research component should always be reported in research and development agreements, even if they have a co-op or technical service component.
Please provide the total count of individuals, regardless of their employment status or hours worked.
| Partnerships involving at least one industry partner | Number of partnerships | Number of students involved | Amount of funding from industry |
|---|---|---|---|
| a. Research and development agreements | $ ‘000 | ||
| b. Service-for-fee or technical service agreements | $ ‘000 | ||
| c. Partnerships focused-on student training, internship, co-op or professional development | $ ‘000 | ||
| d. Other partnerships | $ ‘000 | ||
| Total |
Question 17. Please provide the following information on the research and development contracts in effect from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024.
For the country of control, please answer to the best of your knowledge on the basis of the country of residence of the ultimate parent entity. In the case the business is the Canadian subsidiary of a foreign Multinational (e.g., Inc. Canada, Inc. United States), the sponsor should be designated as Foreign controlled enterprises and Multinationals.
A repeat partner is a partner that was also a partner in one of the previous 5 years.
For co-sponsored contracts, count the contract once for each of the type of sponsor in the column “Number of Contracts” and allocate the value according to each of the contribution in the “Total Value of Contracts” column.
| Sponsor | Number of Contracts | Number of distinct partners | Number of distinct repeat partners | Total value of contracts |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Federal government | $ ‘000 | |||
| Provincial or territorial government | $ ‘000 | |||
| Municipal government | $ ‘000 | |||
| Indigenous government | $ ‘000 | |||
| Foreign governments | $ ‘000 | |||
| Canadian-controlled enterprises and Canadian multinationals with less than 500 employees | $ ‘000 | |||
| Canadian-controlled enterprises and Canadian multinationals with 500 or more employees | $ ‘000 | |||
| Foreign-controlled enterprises and foreign multinationals | $ ‘000 | |||
| Other Canadian organizations (e.g., not-for-profit organizations) | $ ‘000 | |||
| Other Foreign organizations | $ ‘000 | |||
| Other | $ ‘000 | |||
| Total | $ ‘000 |
Question 18. Please indicate what portions of the total value of the research and development contracts in effect from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024 were allocated to clinical trials and collaborative R&D.
For multi-year contracts, please prorate the total amount of the contracts from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024.
| Type of research contract | Number of contracts | Total value of contracts |
|---|---|---|
| Clinical Trials The institution only tested drugs or other intellectual property on behalf of another party (e.g., a pharmaceutical company) and therefore, the institution does not own the drug patent(s) or other intellectual property in question. |
$ ‘000 | |
| Collaborative R&D The research sponsor and the institution collaborated in the performance of the research. |
$ ‘000 |
Question 19. Please provide the approximate value of your institution’s research equipment infrastructure, excluding the value of real estate, and the percentage of it that has been used for the benefit of at least one industry partner throughout April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024?
Research equipment infrastructure includes, but is not limited to, laboratory equipment, instruments and machinery used for R&D, databases, biobanks and large-scale computational tools.
“Used for the benefit of an industry partner” includes direct use by the partner as well as indirect used through research conducted for the benefit of or in collaboration with the industry partner.
- Value of the institution’s research equipment infrastructure ($ ‘000)
- Percentage of the research equipment infrastructure that has been used for the benefit of at least one industry partner throughout April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024
Intellectual Property Management
Question 20. Does this institution engage in Intellectual Property (IP) management, including identification, protection, promotion or commercialization?
If there is no Intellectual Property (IP) management at the institution, please provide an explanation.
- Yes, this institution engages in IP management
- No, IP is managed through an affiliated university
- No, IP is managed through an external IP valuation office
- No, the institution does not produce IP
- No, other
Please specify:
Question 21. Please provide the number of all affiliated institutions and research centres for which the Intellectual Property (IP) is managed by your institution.
- Number of all affiliated institutions and research centres
Question 22. Please provide the name of all affiliated institutions and research centres for which the IP is managed by your institution.
- Name of affiliated institutions and research centres
Question 23. Please indicate the type of institutions and research centres for which the IP is managed by your institution.
- Name of Institution
- Indicate the type of institution
- University
- College
- Hospital
- Engineering School
- Management or Commerce School
- Other School or Faculty
- Technology Access Centre
- Centre Collégial de Transfert Technologies
- Technology Transfer Office
- Other Laboratory or research Centres
- Other
Question 24. Does your institution have one or more central offices engaged in Intellectual Property (IP) management, including identification, protection or commercialization?
- Yes
- No
Question 25. Please provide the number of all offices within the institution that are engaged, wholly or in part, in intellectual property (IP) management.
- Number of all offices
Question 26. Please provide the name of all offices within the institution that are engaged, wholly or in part, in IP.
- Name of the office
Question 27. Please provide the information of all offices within the institution that are engaged, wholly or in part, in intellectual property (IP) management.
For each office, indicate the resources dedicated to intellectual property management. Expenditures should be estimated to correspond to the portion of the office dedicated to intellectual property management. Patent and regular legal expenditures include those for patent filings, patent searches, registration of copyright, etc. Litigation expenditures are those related to disputes over patents and other intellectual property and include settlements. Full-time equivalent (FTE) employment is the number of FTE jobs defined as total hours worked divided by average annual hours worked in full-time jobs. This can also be described as full-time-equivalent work-years. If you have three persons working a quarter of their time on this activity, the FTE is equal to 0.25+0.25+0.25 = 0.75 FTE.
Other operation expenditures include direct fee payments to intellectual property offices, expenses to comply with government regulations, fees for licensing and online platforms, fees on workshops for IP management practices, fees for valuation services on IP.
- Name of the Office
- Number of FTEs managing IP
- Amounts ($ ‘000)
- Salaries and benefits for FTEs maintaining IP
- Legal services expenses for IP management (excluding salaries, wages, and enforcement)
- IP enforcement related expenditures
- Other operational expenditures
Question 28. From April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, what percentage of your institution’s total operational expenditures for intellectual property management were from each of the following sources?
Percentage by Source:
- Institutional base funding
- Institutional one-time allocation
- Intellectual property commercialization revenues
- e.g., licensing, cashed-in equity
- External sources
- Total
Question 29. Please provide the number of employees who were involved in technology transfer at the end of the reference period, from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024.
- Number of employees
Question 30. For each employee who was involved in technology transfer at the end of the reference period, from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, please list the highest university degree obtained and the number of years of technology transfer experience.
- Employee
- Highest university degree obtained
- No Post-Secondary Education
- Post-Secondary Education below Bachelor
- Bachelors
- Masters
- Doctorate
- Other
- Years of technology transfer experience
Question 31. From April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, which of the following types of resources did the situation use for information, guidance or advice on intellectual property matters?
Select all that apply.
- Canadian Intellectual Property Office
- Other Canadian government offices
- e.g., federal, provincial, municipal
- Foreign Intellectual Property Offices
- e.g., United States Patent and Trademark Office, World Intellectual Property Organization
- Trade commissioner services
- Business incubators or accelerators
- Intellectual Property clinics
- In-house legal counsel or legal departments
- Exclude external law firms or lawyers
- External law firms or lawyers
- Exclude in-house legal counsel or legal departments
- Intellectual property strategists
- In-house Patent or trademark agents
- External Patent or trademark agents
- Industry associations, chambers of commerce or business partner networks
- Other sources
- e.g., friends, peers, mentors, words of mouth, other online sources
Question 32. What is your ownership policy for IP produced at your institution related to the following?
Please provide the typical distribution across stakeholders.
| Institution | Faculty or Department | Inventors or creators | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inventions and Patents | ||||
| Computer software ordatabases and Copyright | ||||
| Educational materials and Copyright | ||||
| Other materialsand Copyright | ||||
| Industrial designsand design patents | ||||
| Trademarks or official marks | ||||
| Integrated circuit topographies | ||||
| New plant varietiesand Plant breeders' rights | ||||
| Other |
Intellectual Property Commercialization
Question 33. How many new licenses and options were granted to the following actors from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024?
For the country of control, please answer to the best of your knowledge on the basis of the country of residence of the ultimate parent entity. In the case the business is the Canadian subsidiary of a foreign multinational enterprise (e.g., Inc Canada, Inc United-States), the recipient should be designated as foreign controlled enterprise and foreign multinationals.
| Recipients | Licenses | Options |
|---|---|---|
| a. Federal government | ||
| b. Provincial or territorial government | ||
| c. Municipal government | ||
| d. Indigenous government | ||
| e. Foreign governments | ||
| f. Canadian-controlled enterprises and Canadian multinationals with less than 500 employees | ||
| g. Canadian-controlled enterprises and Canadian multinationals with 500 or more employees | ||
| h. Foreign-controlled enterprises and foreign multinationals | ||
| i. Other Canadian organizations e.g., not for profit organizations |
||
| j. Other foreign organizations |
Question 34. How many total licenses and options did your institution execute from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024?
- Total licenses executed by the institution from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024
- Total options executed by the institution from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024
- Total number of open-source licenses made available by the institution from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024
Question 35. From April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024, what was the total amount of income received from intellectual property?
Income received from IP ($ ‘000):
- Income received from running royalties
- Income received from milestone payments
- Income received from one-time sales of IP (in exchange for a single or several payments)
- Income received from reimbursement of patent, legal and related costs
- License income received from another Canadian institution under a revenue-sharing agreement
- Other
Question 36. How many licenses yielded more than $1 million from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024?
- Number of licenses that yielded more than $1,000,000 from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024
Question 37. What was the value of direct sales of IP by your institution to these recipients from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024?
Direct sales are sales of IP that involve transfer in ownership.
For the country of control, please answer to the best of your knowledge on the basis of the country of residence of the ultimate parent entity. In the case the business is the Canadian subsidiary of a foreign multinational enterprise (e.g., Inc Canada, Inc. United-States), the recipient should be designated as Foreign controlled enterprise and foreign multinationals.
Total by Recipient ($ ‘000):
- Federal government
- Provincial or territorial government
- Municipal government
- Indigenous government
- Foreign governments
- Canadian-controlled enterprises and Canadian multinationals with less than 500 employees
- Canadian-controlled enterprises and Canadian multinationals with 500 or more employees
- Foreign-controlled enterprises and foreign multinationals
- Other Canadian organizations
e.g., not for profit organizations - Other foreign organizations
Question 38. How does your institution make your technologies and inventions known to the public?
Select all that apply.
- Publication of patent documents filed through an IP office (such as CIPO)
- Publication in academic research journals
- Conference or webinar participation by researchers
- Training and lessons targeting professionals in the private sector
- ExploreIP, or other similar IP marketing platforms
- Showcasing and pitching events
- The institution’s own website or the website of an association the institution is a member of
- Social media presence or posting
- Popular science magazines
- Traditional or mainstream media
- Other
Please specify:
Start-ups, Spin-offs and Support to SMEs
Question 39. For the period between April 1, 2023 and March 31, 2024, please provide how many SMEs received support from your institution as well as the method of support provided.
Include support provided by the institution itself or in collaboration with a partner organization.
SMEs are defined as enterprises with less than 500 employees.
- Total number SMEs of that received support
- Number of SMEs that received provision of co-work or office space support
- Number of SMEs that received laboratory space or maker space or access to equipment support
- Number of SMEs that received administrative support
- Number of SMEs that received business coaching or consultation or mentoring or leadership development support
- Number of SMEs that received trade and export support (includes business development missions, internationalization, and any other activities linked to international market development)
- Number of SMEs that received networking events and key introductions support
- Number of SMEs that received provision of funding support
- Number of SMEs that received regulatory assistance support
- Number of SMEs that received intellectual property education and assistance support (includes patent, trademark and copyright evaluation, intellectual property strategy, protection, and licensing)
- Number of SMEs that received practical prototype or Minimum Viable Product (MVP) development assistance support
- Number of SMEs that received other support
Question 40. Please provide the number of start-ups and spin-off companies that have emerged from your institution's research during the last 5 years.
New companies may be established to license the institution's technology, fund research at the institution to develop technology that will be licensed by the company or provide a service that was originally offered through a department or unit of the institution. These companies are often called spin-offs. The first type, those dependent on licensing the institution’s IP, are called start-ups.
- Number of start-ups and spin-off companies
Question 41. Please provide the legal name of start-ups and spin-off companies that have emerged from your institution's research during the last 5 years.
- Legal name of start-up or spin-off company
Question 42. Please provide the following information for start-ups and spin-off companies, which the institution is aware of, that were created during the last 5 years to commercially exploit technology developed through the R&D performed at the institution.
- Legal Name
- Federal Business number (9 digits)
- % of Company owned by the institution
Question 43. Can you please provide the following information on the institution’s investments in start-ups and spin-offs that were created to commercially exploit technology developed through the R&D performed at the institution?
| Amount | |
|---|---|
| a. How much investment in start-ups and spin-offs (e.g., venture capital, angel investment) was raised with the assistance of the institution from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024 | $ ‘000 |
| b. The amount received from disposition of equity holdings, options and warrants in start-ups and spin-off companies from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024 | $ ‘000 |
| c. The total value of cash dividends received from these start-ups and spin-off companies (not including disposition of equity) from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024 | $ ‘000 |
| d. The value of remaining equity held by the institution in publicly traded start-ups and spin-off companies at the end of the reference period, from April 1, 2023 to March 31, 2024 | $ ‘000 |
Obstacles to Intellectual Property Commercialization
Question 44. What are the obstacles that your institution face during the process of IP commercialization?
Select all that apply to your institution.
- Lack of funding
- Lack of expertise
- Uncertainty and risk
- Not an institutional priority
- Other
Please Specify:
Question 45. What is the most important obstacle that your institution faces during the process of IP commercialization?
- Lack of funding
- Lack of expertise
- Uncertainty and risk
- Not an institutional priority
- Other
Question 46. Provide the number of all the government programs that were leveraged, by level of government, to overcome obstacles to intellectual property commercialization.
- Number of government program:
Question 47. Provide the number of all the government programs that were leveraged, by level of government, to overcome obstacles to intellectual property commercialization.
- Name of government program:
Question 48. Provide the names of all the government programs that were leveraged, by level of government, to overcome obstacles to intellectual property commercialization and indicate to what extent they were effective in overcoming these obstacles.
- Name
- Level of government
- Federal
- Provincial or territorial
- Municipal
- Indigenous
- Obstacle
- Lack of Funding
- Lack of Expertise
- Uncertainty / Risk
- Not an institutional priority
- Other
- Effectiveness
- Not Effective
- Moderately Effective
- Very Effective
- Unable to Assess at the Moment
Question 49. If you have comments or feedback regarding the survey or want to clarify your responses to one or more questions, please do so below:
Comments or feedback regarding the survey