Canadian Statistics Advisory Council 2020 Annual Report: General Summary - Towards a Stronger National Statistical System

Release date: December 14, 2020

Why and how we produce statistics in Canada

The need for statistics

Canadians, governments and other organizations make thousands of decisions every day. Having accurate information, including relevant data and statistics, are critical to good decision making.

Knowing that data and statistical information are accurate, reliable, and produced by a trusted and independent source are important, especially when it comes to government decision-making.

The vital role of Statistics Canada

Statistics Canada is Canada’s national statistics organization. As an independent agency, it ensures that data are produced using sound and objective methods, free from political or interest group pressure, with the results available to everyone.

By law, Statistics Canada is authorized to collect information and is also required to protect the confidentiality of that information.

Evolving statistics for the changing needs of Canadians

The need to change how data are collected and made available

As our society changes, and information is becoming more digital, we need to change what data we collect, how we collect information, and how this information is shared. Traditional methods such as surveys are no longer sufficient on their own.

This requires organizations like Statistics Canada to develop new ways to access information, such as collecting more administrative data from government programs and linking these data to the census, surveys and other data sources.

In doing so, Statistics Canada must find ways to assure Canadians that their personal information will continue to remain secure. It also means that the agency must modernize the statistical output made available to Canadians and researchers so that they are easy to access and understand.

The need for Statistics Canada to play a leadership role

With its expertise and mandated role to produce and share data, Statistics Canada must play a central leadership role in helping to coordinate the compilation of data from governments and other organizations to produce coherent national statistical information for the benefit of all Canadians.

Steps to improve Canada’s statistical system

Our recommendations

Canadians already benefit from access to a vast range of information produced by Statistics Canada. The agency is in the middle of a multi-year modernization initiative to enhance its statistical programs.

During the pandemic, Statistics Canada has been able to leverage new statistical methods and tools to respond quickly to help meet and support the need for critical data.

To further strengthen Canada’s statistical system, we made recommendations in several areas.

1. Good data and information are vital to develop, implement and evaluate federal government programs.

We recommend ensuring that the development of relevant statistical information is considered for all federal programs.

2. Gaps in the availability of data impede decision-making, including critical areas such as health and health care; and economic and social issues faced by demographic groups such as racialized groups and Indigenous Peoples.

We recommend measures to ensure timely, consistent and coordinated data are available across Canada’s statistical system.

3. Statistics Canada receives ad-hoc funding for many of its key statistical programs.

We recommend changes to its funding model to ensure stable core funding is available for the wide range of key social, economic, environmental and energy statistics.

4. Statistics Canada is required by law to collect information and preserve the confidentiality of this information.

We recommend steps to ensure Statistics Canada has access to the information it needs while respecting the privacy of Canadians

5. Researchers require detailed statistics to provide insights and advice to governments and Canadians.

We recommend ways to ensure authorized researchers have secure remote access to the data they need for their work.

The role of the Canadian Statistics Advisory Council

About CSAC

The Canadian Statistics Advisory Council (CSAC) is a newly created body, established to enhance the independence of Statistics Canada, Canada’s national statistics organization.

We provide impartial and independent advice on how to ensure the relevance, quality and accessibility of Canada’s statistical system
We provide advice to the Chief Statistician and the Minister responsible for Statistics Canada.
We are required to produce an annual report to inform Canadians on the state of the national statistical system

About our first report

We recently released our first annual report which provides a detailed assessment of Canada’s statistical system and advice on how it could be strengthened. This document provides a high-level summary of what we found and recommendations to support better decision making in Canada.

Advisory Council on Ethics and Modernization of Microdata Access - Meeting minutes for October 8, 2020

Date and location

8 October 2020, 1:00 p.m. to 4:30 p.m.
Virtual meeting via Zoom

Members

Anil Arora, Chief Statistician of Canada (Chair)
Cal Marcoux, Chief Information Security Officer, Canadian Institute for Health Information
Chantal Bernier, Privacy and Cybersecurity Lead, Dentons Canada LLP
David Robichaud, Ethics Professor, University of Ottawa
Len Garis, Researcher and Adjunct Professor
Mary Dawson, former Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner, Lawyer
Robert Gordon, Executive Director, Canadian Cyber Threat Exchange

Guests

Dr. David Green, Professor, Vancouver School of Economics, University of British Columbia
Chantal Guay, Chief Executive Officer, Standards Council of Canada
Alain Beaudoin, Assistant Secretary to Cabinet, Results and Delivery, Privy Council Office

Statistics Canada guests/support

Jacques Fauteux
André Loranger
Greg Peterson
Lynn Barr-Telford
Gabrielle Beaudoin
Martin St-Yves
Eric Rancourt
Tom Dufour
Janique Godin
Geneviève Jourdain
Nicole Huard
Aiysha Abdullah
Farnaz Ahanin

1. Introductions and opening remarks

Anil Arora, Chief Statistician of Canada

Mr. Arora opened the meeting by welcoming members to the third bi-annual Advisory Council on Ethics and Modernization of Microdata Access (ACEMMA) meeting, and thanking them for their attendance. He noted that over the course of this year, increased prominence of outputs from Statistics Canada (StatCan) have doubled across all access metrics. He specified that these are direct results from increased partnerships and the work that StatCan is doing as data steward, such as creating a repository for personal protective equipment (PPE) inventory, the creation of multiple Dashboards, as well as performing contact tracing.

In addition to these achievements, of note were the implementation of strategic measures from the previous ACEMMA meeting in February 2020, including: refinements to the Trust Centre, modernizing access to microdata by considering public vs private institutions, and strengthening organizational agreements for access to health files. He outlined the importance of the Council's continued feedback, reminding them that the collective goal is to develop microdata access services and products that enhance the response to the needs of Canadians.

Mr. Arora invited Council members to continue providing their expertise and knowledgeable guidance on providing Canadians with timely access to data in new and innovative ways through an ethical approach where data remains safeguarded. Together, the Council will help the agency continue to achieve its mandate while respecting privacy, safeguarding information, and increasing collaboration through various modernization initiatives and new data sources in order to maximize impact.

2. Expert panel: Maximizing policy impact through data sharing and collaboration: the foundation

Dr. David Green, Professor, Vancouver School of Economics, University of British Columbia
Chantal Guay, Chief Executive Officer, Standards Council of Canada
Alain Beaudoin, Assistant Secretary to Cabinet, Results and Delivery, Privy Council Office
Gabrielle Beaudoin (Moderator)

Before launching into the Expert Panel discussion, Ms. Beaudoin invited each participant to introduce themselves, and share their relevant experiences related to Maximizing Policy Impact through Data Sharing and Collaboration. Panelists' presentations then began with Dr. David Green who shared a COVID-19 success story.

Presentation by David Green, University of British Columbia

Dr. Green shared his presentation on "Measuring the Viral Risk and Economic Impact of Sectors of the Canadian Economy" and expanded on his collaboration success story. He recounted to Council members that at the end of March, the Vancouver School of Economics were contacted by the British Columbia Centre for Disease Control. Dr. Green's team was recruited to help assess the economic impacts of the virus, examining the current state of the economy, risks the virus poses in particular occupations, rewards for keeping certain areas of business open, inequality effects, and joint modelling of the economy and the virus. He noted that Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) was also conducting similar research, leading the two teams to collaborate together on this work that served to inform decisions both in BC and in Quebec.

Dr. Green recounted how his team required data available in the Research Data Centres (RDCs) which were temporarily closed then as per public health directions to counter the pandemic. As a solution, Dr. Green's team collaborated with StatCan who provided immediate and substantial support for their research. Secure devices were shipped to the researchers (who were existing Deemed Employees), providing them secure access to the data required.

To ensure data safeguarding, new protocols were put in place in order for researchers to have the ability to collaborate with one another. Dr. Green's team utilized the data to build measures for rewards and risks for different sectors of the economy across Canada, with various characteristics measured. The data collected was then used to develop a risk scale using a factor analysis called the "Risk/Reward Assessment Tool". This tool is being used at both the federal and provincial levels. Dr. Green concluded his presentation in noting that the project was recently shared with StatCan to determine city-level information.

Presentation by Chantal Guay, Standards Council of Canada

Ms. Guay shared her knowledge and expertise on defining national standards. She touched on the universal nature of data and knowledge economy, and how the choices people make for data governance impacts health, well-being, and prosperity. The Standards Council of Canada (SCC) is the forefront voice of standards and accreditation on the national and international stage, playing a key role in innovation, and promoting safety while supporting businesses. She expanded on some of the challenges of standardization and the difficulty in regulating privacy, stating that perspective allows for a balanced approach.

Ms. Guay explained that SCC represents Canada at the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) connecting Canada to a variety of networks. Recently at the ISO, her team received approval to develop a management system under artificial intelligence (AI), for items such as linked data. They are also working to support a digital charter to benefit governments. She expanded that this falls under the realm of consent, privacy, cybersecurity, and governance. Ms. Guay touched on standards having the ability to bring different perspectives together, and explained that a roadmap is currently being developed to look at various standards and guidance, identify gaps that are essential to close, and the creation of a list of potential items to create. The roadmap is being developed by over 200 experts from academia, users of data, AI personnel, and ethics experts, in order to broaden the representation of perspectives.

Ms. Guay continued to touch on how data governance are abstract concepts, however, they play an important role in the collection, sharing, and use of data. For these abstract concepts, Ms. Guay and her team have decided to look at 3 use cases: community health with StatCan using Covid-19 testing and how results are reported, digital identity and open banking where transactions are restrictive, and consumer food safety in collaboration with the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. Ms. Guay concluded her presentation in quoting five recommendations on developing the standard setting process: short and simple, bigger is not always better, transparency works, delivery matters, and digital leadership, technology, and money are not the solution but rather people and digital leaders are.

Presentation by Alain Beaudoin, Privy Council Office

Mr. Beaudoin shared his knowledge of Privy Council Office (PCO) initiatives, specifically the result and delivery unit, which was created to support the Prime Minister on government implementation, and to encourage the use of evidence to inform policies and programs on an ongoing basis.

He expanded on PCO's stance on encouraging data collection, but more importantly, collecting the right data and the key data points. PCO works closely with departments to increase collaboration, but also to increase transparency and to improve data sharing for various types of data. As an example of these efforts, Mr. Beaudoin touched on two instances where Covid-19 highlighted the importance of data collection: firstly, the ability to provide services in a digital way to Canadians and businesses, and secondly, the impact of Covid-19 compared to other previous recessions. What the data showed was that the virus had an uneven impact on vulnerable populations, women in the labour force, specific occupations, and regions. Mr. Beaudoin elaborated that this pandemic increased the focus on data, the story behind the data, and how to measure the success of programs.

Mr. Beaudoin brought forward a question for Council members: how do we create a shift in culture that is not just reactive, but will lead to a fundamental change of how to look at microdata as a solution moving forward? As we move through this pandemic and aim to continue economic recovery, Mr. Beaudoin emphasized the importance of access to microdata, and ensuring resources are invested where they will make a difference.

Mr. Arora closed the introduction period stating "data, unlike oil, is something that increases in value as it is shared." There has been a paradigm shift; it is about how we share data, and how to do it responsibly to ensure we protect privacy and confidentiality, maintain standards, and communicate value proposition.

Panel discussion: Q&A discussion period

Gabrielle Beaudoin (moderator)

Question 1: We talk about a secure and successful data sharing model. What would improve partnership/collaboration, especially in this COVID-19 environment?

Dr. Green responded that the collaboration efforts that were done with his group at UBC worked very well, and that it fully protected confidentiality, and also gave the researchers access more rapidly and in a way in which they could work with the data around the clock while the Research Data Centres (RDCs) were closed due to Covid-19. He noted that the Statistics Act is clear and strong enough to ensure researchers apply the approved protocols. Dr. Green indicated that he sees the potential of the Cloud for the foreseeable future, and that we should question why this isn't the current reality of conducting research.

Council members responded by adding that lessons learned would be helpful and a foundational piece to a standards model going forward, a model which could be duplicated.

Question 2: What challenges do you foresee in regards to data sharing and collaboration across jurisdictions? How could those challenges be overcome? How do we gain public confidence with respect to data?

Mr. Beaudoin began by expanding on how there is a desire to share outcomes to increase confidence with the public, and showcase what the government has done and how they have progressed. He questioned how we can figure out a way to make data open to the public, and empower individuals and researchers, while benefiting from the input. Mr. Beaudoin added that it is important to work with departments and agencies to make the data available to the public, and that this allows everyone to benefit from the output. He emphasized that this is the dialogue that we need to continue holding with experts to improve our policies and programs.

Council members raised that if standards are not judiciously implemented, it can accumulate in the form of additional costs, such as duplication of reports due to varying certification processes across provinces. It was raised that the potential power of data can be hindered when there are a lack of standards and regulations; as an example, researchers who require data from both the provincial and federal levels may face legal barriers between jurisdictions, and data barriers between collection methods. As such, members stated that data privacy rules and oversight models must be aligned as much as possible. Ms. Guay specified that SCC's goal is to align with federal, provincial, and territorial governments.

Concerning public confidence, Council members stated that there was an urgency to build upon commonalities for data. With the pandemic, there has been a sense of urgency to build partnerships and collect data in the interest of the public. Building upon the commonalities of evidence based decision making, and shared principles, would allow the Government to use data when it is in the interest of the public. There are calculated risks to being agile, but data driven decisions should be an aspect that is focused on. The Council advised that these data success stories, such as COVID-19, should be shared publicly to encourage public confidence and build an understanding of how data can drive policy and create stability. Data should be readily available to policy makers, and those managing health.

Mr. Arora concluded the Panel Discussion question period by stating that data is a team sport. Mr. Arora emphasized that having a data trust model allows data to be collected once with transparent assurances, and to create the linkage environment to bring forward the cross-sectional insights and highlight the quality. He continued stating that the notion of data trust and stewardship adds certainty and responsibility to the trust of Canadians when sharing data. Mr. Arora finished his statement by expanding on how our policy makers and decision makers need the data, and that Statistics Canada needs to categorize, understand utility, and check technology and monitoring, in order to assure Canadians that we are compliant to our promises and that their confidentiality and privacy are protected.

3. New data sources and methods, and inherent ethical questions

Eric Rancourt, Director General, Modern Statistical Methods and Data Science

Mr. Rancourt discussed data sources, data stewardship and trust roles, ethical questions, and ethics principles being examined in the process of data collection and management at StatCan. He explained to Council members that with society being more complex, StatCan wants to equip Canadians by informing them fairly, transparently, and allowing for autonomy. The Council acknowledged the importance of communication with Canadians in order to build trust, and the importance of using trusted data source to make informed decisions. Mr. Rancourt emphasized that StatCan works for the public good, and also a moral duty to find the truth, unbiased information, and quality statistics, while maintaining a good representation of Canadians through a proportionality-based approach. Council members advised that transparency surrounding data collection, and publicizing results accessibly are two key steps in meeting public interest.

Mr. Rancourt expanded on how organizations have risen to the challenge of standards by reviewing needs from an impartial, ethical, and transparent view. He added that while StatCan has the Necessity and Proportionality Framework containing an ethical component, the agency is trying to instil ethical thinking from the beginning to produce ethics by design. While Mr. Rancourt identified that there was a need to explore new areas of data and data collection, there are a number of values that must be considered when attempting to engage and inform the population, such as: autonomy, consent, liberty, and perceived desired level of privacy.

Discussed were new methods of data collection including web scraping, and mobility data. Regarding the use cellphone data, Council members stressed the importance of Privacy Impact Assessments, as it would push StatCan to question what is truly necessary and assess whether cellphone data use is proportionate to public interest. Mr. Rancourt explains that there are many companies who can provide this information; however, this brings forward a distinct issue of fairness and representation. Alternatively, Council suggested that StatCan could consider turning to social media and using machine learning to analyze and asses the data on various platforms, in accordance with the Privacy Act.

Mr. Rancourt concluded his presentation by leaving Council members with the following question: How do we consider ethics and still provide unbiased information?

Council agreed that as a society, we have both an ethical obligation to ensure we are not overburdening or over representing at the expense of others, and that we do not end up with an absence and lack of data needed. Overall, Council members would like to see that StatCan become explicitly mentioned in the discussions surrounding data. Council members agree that the moment is right to teach the public what we are doing with the microdata, and to help them understand what it means. It is important to bring Canadians the value of StatCan's work, which may encourage a change in rapport. Council provided Mr. Rancourt with final advice to keep in mind: privacy, transparency, and fairness are key.

5. Closing remarks

Anil Arora, Chief Statistician of Canada

Mr. Arora thanked members, and invited them to share their thoughts.

Advisory Council action items

Next meeting: April 2021 (tentatively)
Provide Council Members with an update on the DataLab and modernization initiatives
Questions from Council Members for Statistics Canada to consider:
- What opportunities exist to develop consistencies across data being ingested, and likewise, for data being discussed?
- How can we figure out a way to make more data open to public, and empower individuals and researchers? How can we maintain the momentum created during the pandemic?
- What calculated (agile) risks, and data driven decisions are we focusing on?
Council Members could be asked to provide some quotes or contributions

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Date modified:: 2021-09-10

Advisory Council on Ethics and Modernization of Microdata Access - Meeting minutes for February 18, 2020

Date and location

18 February 2020, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
The Ivan P. Fellegi Boardroom, 26^th floor, R.H. Coats Building
100 Tunney's Pasture Driveway, Ottawa

Members

Anil Arora, Chief Statistician of Canada (Chair)
Cal Marcoux, Chief Information Security Officer, Canadian Institute for Health Information
Chantal Bernier, Privacy and Cybersecurity Lead, Dentons Canada LLP
David Robichaud, Ethics Professor, University of Ottawa
Len Garis, Researcher and Adjunct Professor
Mary Dawson, former Conflict of Interest and Ethics Commissioner, Lawyer
Robert Gordon, Executive Director, Canadian Cyber Threat Exchange

Guests

Iain McKenna, Breach Response Manager, Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada
George Enei, Senior Assistant Deputy Minister, Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada

Statistics Canada guests/support

Jacques Fauteux
Lynn Barr-Telford
André Loranger
Gabrielle Beaudoin
Eric Rancourt
Martin St-Yves
Janique Godin
Tom Dufour
Fred Barzyk
Marc St-Denis
Cindy Cook
Aiysha Abdullah

1. Introductions and opening remarks

Anil Arora, Chief Statistician of Canada

Mr. Arora opened the meeting by thanking members for the opportunity to expand the mandate of the council to include an ethics component, and the addition of a second ethics specialist. He noted that the new ethics component is in alignment with Statistics Canada's desire to continue to enhance the trust relationship with Canadians and that this is a key success factor for the agency's modernization agenda. He outlined the importance of the council's feedback on how the agency will achieve its mandate while respecting privacy and safeguarding information. He invited council members to provide their expertise and ethical guidance concerning the transition to the use of administrative data and its ethical constraints, the security and risk framework of organizations accessing data, and the shared responsibility of host organizations and their own data stewardship practises.

2. Statistics Canada and ethics: Progressing on a new landscape

Eric Rancourt, Director General, Modern Statistical Methods and Data Science

Mr. Rancourt explained to council members that the paradigm for data access has shifted. He added that Statistics Canada will integrate the ethical management concept of "gather, guard, grow, give" at each step of data life cycle management. He provided an overview of the Necessity and Proportionality Framework; an approach that has been developed to maximize the production of information and privacy protection when designing a data-gathering approach. The framework provides both a justification and a guide for designing strategies to gather sensitive data using surveys, administrative sources obtained from the public or private sector, or any other method.

The council members supported the Necessity and Proportionality Framework with some recommendations. In regards to the "necessity" portion of the framework, it was agreed that in general, Canadians understand the need and importance of collecting and gathering quality data for targeted evidence-based policy decision making.

Council members noted that new technology is both increasing the ability to collect information and the demand for timely information. In a data-centric society, council members added, Statistics Canada has an even more important role to play in providing trusted insights to Canadians. In this context, members agree that the Agency should outline explicitly "the need" in its business cases while striking the appropriate balance between sensitivity and privacy.

Council members provided valuable input reminding Statistics Canada that ethics goes beyond privacy, and should also consider exclusion, biases, proportionality, and protection, and a measurement to balance these notions should be developed. The council recommended that Statistics Canada aim to further align with international approaches, and that the framework be added to the Agency's communication strategy.

3. Modernization of access to microdata

Gabrielle Beaudoin, Director General, Data Access and Dissemination

Ms. Beaudoin shared an overview of the modernization initiatives and framework related to microdata access, more specifically the DataLab project. She discussed how the Safe People component of the Five Safes Framework was being applied as a guiding principle, and the context in which shared responsibility and accountability could be applied to participating organizations and their researchers. Discussions centred on considerations for the types of organizations who may use the DataLab model, and regarding Safe People, how Statistics Canada can increase ethical awareness of users in the DataLab environment. Council members were very supportive of the risk mitigation factors that Statistics Canada is taking to protect the confidentiality of respondents' data in this new technological environment.

The council members suggested that Statistics Canada continue on its path to provide virtual access to experts using new technologies, such as the capabilities offered through Cloud infrastructure. Members added that Statistics Canada might consider providing access to microdata to international researchers and those from the private sector as long as they meet the accreditation criteria. With respect to private sector entities, it would be key that their research contributes to the public good rather than be motivated by business imperatives.

Council members encouraged the Virtual DataLab project to continue building its information and data security processes, and ensure users are aware that their activities are being monitored. As part of these processes, the Council supported the establishment of sanction to support the access framework. It was suggested that members could serve as part of the appeal process in the event access is revoked from an organization due to a violation or breach of protocols.

4. Access to health microdata files

Lynn Barr-Telford, Assistant Chief Statistician, Social, Health and Labour Statistics Field

Ms. Barr-Telford outlined to council members Statistics Canada's responsibility and commitment to protect data, and the value of this data to Canadians. She discussed the importance of integrating health data to other sources, such as hospital records or income, in order to understand the impact of social determinants on health outcomes. The Council acknowledged the necessity of this work and supported Statistics Canada in its approach to ensuring access to health data for policy-relevant research while protecting the confidentiality of respondents. As Statistics Canada moves forward in developing key data files, such as the health microdata files, the Council advised that ethics should be considered in tandem with the law, and the risk of harm in disclosing de-identified information be considered at each stage.

Council members advised to strengthen the language in data access agreements to convey the responsibility that organizations will have when they partner with Statistics Canada. In the context of Statistics Canada's broader agenda on modernization of access to microdata, the Council advised Statistics Canada to consider the role that virtual data access, through the DataLab project, could play in enabling access to health data.

5. Ensuring success of Council and next steps

Jacques Fauteux, Assistant Chief Statistician, Strategic Engagement Field

Mr. Fauteux discussed the day's proceedings, outlining the initiatives to come from the session, such as:

Updating the structure of the Necessity and Proportionality Framework;
Continuing to develop communication material in the Statistics Canada Trust Centre and share progress with Canadians;
Keep Advisory Council members informed of progress until the next meeting.

As for potential topics for future meetings, it was agreed that the next meeting take place in approximately 6 months; and the proposed main topic will include a case study review of existing data solutions, and the launch of the DataLab.

6. Closing remarks

Anil Arora, Chief Statistician of Canada

Mr. Arora thanked members, and invited them to share their thoughts.

Advisory Council action items

Update and distribute the revised Necessity and Proportionality Framework to Council
- Use existing case to review and assess how things are evolving
Refine the Trust Centre to communicate better with Canadians
- Provide more documentation
- Communicate in plain language
Modernization of Access to Microdata
Add considerations for public institutions versus private institutions
Keep council up to date on progress
Access to Health Microdata Files
Strengthen agreements with organizations
Improve on monitoring and enforcement
Next meeting:
- In September 2020
- Update re: health file status
- Update re: DataLab
Council members could be asked to provide some quotes or contributions

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Date modified:: 2021-09-10

Video - Geoprocessing Tools (Part 2)

Catalogue number: Catalogue number: 89200005

Issue number: 2020018

Release date: December 1, 2020

QGIS Demo 18

Geoprocessing Tools (Part 2) - Video transcript

(The Statistics Canada symbol and Canada wordmark appear on screen with the title: "Geoprocessing Tools (Part 2)")

With the riparian land-cover layer loaded from Part 1, we'll begin by assessing land-cover over the entire clipped area. To do so, we'll use the Dissolve tool. This will combine feature geometries with matching entries in one or more of the selected Dissolve fields – resulting in multi-geometry outputs. This can be applied to any geometry type, as we've done previously, such as dissolving road segments by their full street name, grain elevators by consolidated company or census tracts by census metropolitan area. Here we'll dissolve by the "Class" field. Save the layer to File – which I'll call DRipLC2000 – with the D for Dissolved. Click Run and once complete we'll continue.

So with the Dissolved layer loaded and symbolized - the original RipLC2000 file contains around 11000 features, while our dissolved layer contains only the number of unique land-cover classes within our clipped area – in this case 12. As noted previously, fields with spatial measurements are not automatically updated when geometries of a layer are changed, such as being clipped or dissolved. So now you can update the IAreaHA field with the Field Calculator to determine the total coverage of each class. Use the established update field procedures and appropriate expression.

So with the field updated, we'll use the Statistics Panel to determine the total riparian area - clicking the icon on the Attribute toolba Select the dissolved layer from the first drop-down and the field to summarize from the second. We can select categorical or numerical fields to summarize. Here we're interested in IAreaHA and specifically the Sum value. The specific statistical summary variables of interest can be specified by expanding the triple dot icon. This gives us a general understanding of the count, central tendency, distribution and variance of the variable for all features in the layer. Copy the Sum value, which we'll use to calculate the percent coverage of land-cover classes.

In the Field Calculator, we'll name the field PrcRipLC for percent riparian land-cover, with the previously applied parameters. Expanding the fields and values drop-down - divide IAreaHA by the pasted Sum value and multiply by 100.

Opening the attribute table and sorting by the percent field we can see the predominant land-cover classes. Wetland, Grassland and Deciduous Forest are the three most prevalent classes covering around 82% of the riparian area – indicating relatively healthy conditions. Anthropogenic land-uses, comprised of Built-Up and Agriculture, account for roughly 14% of the riparian land-cover – - unsurprising with Winnipeg and intensive surrounding agricultural land-use within our clipped area. Overall, the dominance of naturalized classes indicates a strong riparian health given the location. We'll use the Statistics Panel again to verify that our percentages add up to 100%.

So this provides a general assessment of conditions within our clipped area. However, to inform land-use planning and target restoration initiatives a finer resolution analysis would be required. So we'll use the Aggregate tool, with the original riparian land-cover layer and the ID field created at the end of part I, to establish land-cover variations by watershed. Aggregate can be used to combine the geometries of a layer - according to the Group By parameter - and the attributes of a layer with the operators in the Aggregate function drop-downs.

So for SubBasin, Class and UBasinLCID fields we'll use First Value – which will match subsequent entries given our group-by field. For FAreaHA and PrcLCinRip we'll use mean – for the average field size and percent coverage within riparian areas of each class. We'll remove the FID field and leave IAreaHA with Sum to determine the total area of each class by watershed. We'll save to file, calling it RipLC2000WShed. Click Run and we'll continue once the output is created.

Now we have the total area of riparian land-cover classes by watershed. Aggregate has summed the IAreaHA field – meaning we do not need to update with the Field Calculator. However, we need to determine the total riparian area of each watershed to determine the percent coverage of each class within.

For the first, we'll use an Aggregate expression. Call the field HAreaHA and enter the additional parameters. Expand the Aggregates drop-down and double-click Sum. Enter the expression, first specifying the field to sum – IAreaHA – and the group by parameter used to sum the values – typing group underscore by colon equal sign (group_by:=) and entering the subbasin code field. We could optionally apply a filter expression to only sum features with specified conditions.

Now we can calculate the percent coverage– dividing IAreaHA by HAreaHA and multiplying by 100.

We could then use the Aggregate or Statistics by Categories tools to ensure percentages add up to 100% for each watershed. I prepared an Aggregate layer earlier for this purpose, as well as two statistics by categories outputs – which we'll discuss shortly. Opening the Aggregate layer's attribute table percentages vary between 99.99 and 100.01 percent. However, we can see that the summed intersect area and the total riparian watershed area are equal – suggesting this is related to rounding of decimal places. Using the Refactor Fields tool I increased the precision of the percent riparian land-cover area field to 12 and reran the layer through Statistics by Categories – which shows that all percentages add up precisely to 100%.

Statistics by Categories generates statistical summaries of a selected field, numeric or text, by another field with categories. We could apply it to our original intersect layer to assess variations in the area of classes by watershed using UBasinLCID as the categorical field. Thus, we can use Statistics by Categories to provide an understanding of the counts, distribution, variance and central tendencies of a numeric field by different categories. This information can then be used for descriptive analysis, or fed into further assessments as required.

And just before concluding we'll go over geoprocessing tools not covered in the demo, and show some additional buffer tools and another case-use to highlight the diverse applications of these tools.

So the first tool is Union. This is similar to Intersection with two notable exceptions. Union is restricted to polygon inputs for both layers and retains overlapping and non-overlapping geometries. Overlapping features will contain entries for all fields in the attribute table, while areas of separate coverage contain NULL entries for one of the associated layers. Union is used to combine geometries and attributes into a single layer for further analysis – - such as combining habitat extents and counts of different species in separate layers or suitabilities of different land-uses into a composite layer for assessing total biodiversity potential or land-use suitability. Here I combined a circular polygon with our AOI layer, with both overlapping and non-overlapping areas retained.

Symmetrical Difference is the opposite of the Union tool. It retains features of both the Input and Overlay layer in locations where their features do not overlap. As such, it can be applied to keep the attributes and geometries of two layers in areas of disparate coverage – such as retaining farm fields that have historically remained unflooded - and flooding areas that did not impact farmland or other human land-uses. Once again I used the circular polygon and AOI layer as the inputs. And as shown, only non-overlapping geometries and attributes were retained.

As noted, here are some additional buffer tools that have been processed further with additional geoprocessing tools. For example, we could create a multi-ring buffer around grain elevators and intersect them with the clipped land-cover layer to establish variations in incremental distances around the grain elevators. Intersecting this layer again, we can isolate locations within the buffer that have been affected by historical flooding. We could also create a multi-ring buffer around our road features to assess pollutant concentrations at incremental distances. With a buffer width field we could also apply a variable width buffer to the different road feature classes.

Finally as a different case-use I used geoprocessing tools to estimate populations around the new O-train stations. First a 500 metre buffer was created around the O-train stations and intersected with the census dissemination areas, which had joined demographic variables. This was then intersected with a built-up layer, to remove any undeveloped areas. The population density and remaining area was then used to approximate the number of residents around the new O-train stations. We could further this analysis – such as subsetting by different phases of the LRT or combining with additional socio-economic variables to assess median income of residents around these stations. Thus geoprocessing tools have diverse analytical applications, in spatially overlaying any layers of thematic interest, and integrating their feature geometries and attributes.

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Travel Arrangement Services: CVs for operating revenue - 2019

CVs for operating revenue
Table summary
This table displays the results of CVs for operating revenue. The information is grouped by Regions (appearing as row headers), CVs for operating revenue, Travel agencies, Tour operators and Other travel arrangement and reservation services, calculated using percent units of measure (appearing as column headers).
Geography	Travel agencies	Tour operators	Other travel arrangement and reservation services
Geography	percent
Canada	1.99	0.05	0.00

Telecommunications Statistics

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Economic measures

This section provides estimates of the economic impact of the mobile telecommunications industry using the input-output model for output, jobs and value added to gross domestic product (GDP).

Share of gross domestic product

In 2021, the gross value added of the mobile telecommunication industry represented 1.2% of Canada's gross domestic product at basic prices. This includes value added from the industry itself, its supply chain and impacts on spending from wages generated by the production (directly and indirectly) of the industry. More information on share of gross domestic product

Gross value added as a percentage of gross domestic product at basic prices, by region, 2021^{Share of gross domestic product table, note 1}
Region	Direct Value Added	Indirect Value Added	Induced Value Added	Total Value Added in Open Model	Total Value Added in Closed Model
Canada	0.7	0.3	0.2	1.0	1.2
Atlantic Region	0.9	0.2	0.1	1.1	1.3
Quebec	0.6	0.3	0.2	0.9	1.1
Ontario	0.8	0.4	0.2	1.1	1.3
Prairies, British Columbia and Territories	0.7	0.2	0.1	0.9	1.1
Share of gross domestic product table, note 1 Due to rounding, the values in this table may not sum to the totals shown. Return to Share of gross domestic product table, note 1 referrer

What is it?

Gross value added: Gross value added, is defined as the value of output less the value of intermediate consumption. Gross value added is estimated at basic prices, and this is sometimes referred to as gross domestic product at basic prices. Basic prices are market prices, minus taxes, less subsidies on products.
Direct Impact: The direct impacts are the output, gross domestic product and jobs of the wireless telecommunications carriers industry.
Indirect Impact: The indirect impacts cover upstream economic activities associated with supplying intermediate inputs (the current expenditures on goods and services used up in the production process) to the wireless telecommunications carriers industry.
Induced impact: The induced impact measures the changes in the production of goods and services in response to consumer expenditures induced by households' incomes (i.e., wages) generated by the production of the direct and indirect requirements.
Total impact in open model: The total impact in the open model is equal to the sum of the direct and indirect impacts.
Total impact in closed model: Total impact in closed model is equal to the sum of the direct, indirect and induced impacts.
Mobile telecommunication industry: The wireless telecommunications carriers industry is defined as the production of mobile telecommunications services (excluding mobile television) produced by establishments in North American Industry Classification System industry 51731, wired and wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite).

Last updated: December 2024

Source:

Table 36-10-0669-01 Wireless telecommunications carriers industry economic impact
Table 36-10-0487-01 Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by sector and industry, provincial and territorial

Output

In 2022, the total output generated by the mobile telecommunications industry was 50.9 billion dollars. This includes revenue from the industry itself, its supply chain and impacts on spending from wages generated by the production (directly and indirectly) of the industry. More information on output

Output, in billions of dollars, by region, 2022^{Output table, note 1}
Region	Direct Output	Indirect Output	Induced Output	Total Output, Open Model	Total Output, Closed Model
Canada	30.6	13.3	7.0	43.9	50.9
Atlantic Region	1.9	0.5	0.3	2.4	2.6
Quebec	5.6	2.8	1.3	8.4	9.7
Ontario	12.8	6.7	3.2	19.5	22.7
Prairies, British Columbia and Territories	10.3	3.4	2.2	13.7	15.9
Output table, note 1 Due to rounding, the values in this table may not sum to the totals shown. Return to Output table, note 1 referrer

What is it?

Output: Output consists of those goods and services that are produced within an establishment that become available for use outside that establishment, plus any goods and services produced for own final use.
Direct Impact: The direct impacts are the output, gross domestic product and jobs of the wireless telecommunications carriers industry.
Indirect Impact: The indirect impacts cover upstream economic activities associated with supplying intermediate inputs (the current expenditures on goods and services used up in the production process) to the wireless telecommunications carriers industry.
Induced impact: The induced impact measures the changes in the production of goods and services in response to consumer expenditures induced by households' incomes (i.e., wages) generated by the production of the direct and indirect requirements.
Total impact in open model: The total impact in the open model is equal to the sum of the direct and indirect impacts.
Total impact in closed model: Total impact in closed model is equal to the sum of the direct, indirect and induced impacts.
Mobile telecommunication industry: The wireless telecommunications carriers industry is defined as the production of mobile telecommunications services (excluding mobile television) produced by establishments in North American Industry Classification System industry 51731, wired and wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite).

Last updated: September 2024

Source:

Table 36-10-0669-01 Wireless telecommunications carriers industry economic impact

Gross value added

Gross value added is a measure of the contribution to gross domestic product (GDP). The contribution to GDP by the mobile telecommunication industry was 29.5 billion dollars in 2022. This includes value added from the industry itself, its supply chain and impacts on spending from wages generated by the production (directly and indirectly) of the industry. More information on gross value added

Gross Value Added, billions of dollars, by region, 2022^{Gross Value Added table, note 1}
Region	Direct Value Added	Indirect Value Added	Induced Value Added	Total Value Added, Open Model	Total Value Added, Closed Model
Canada	18.2	7.2	4.1	25.4	29.5
Atlantic Region	1.2	0.3	0.2	1.5	1.7
Quebec	3.2	1.4	0.8	4.6	5.4
Ontario	7.4	3.6	1.9	10.9	12.8
Prairies, British Columbia and Territories	6.4	1.9	1.3	8.3	9.6
Gross Value Added table, note Due to rounding, the values in this table may not sum to the totals shown. Return to Gross Value Added table, note 1 referrer

What is it?

Gross value added: Gross value added, is defined as the value of output less the value of intermediate consumption. Gross value added is estimated at basic prices, and this is sometimes referred to as gross domestic product at basic prices. Basic prices are market prices, minus taxes, less subsidies on products.
Direct Impact: The direct impacts are the output, gross domestic product and jobs of the wireless telecommunications carriers industry.
Indirect Impact: The indirect impacts cover upstream economic activities associated with supplying intermediate inputs (the current expenditures on goods and services used up in the production process) to the wireless telecommunications carriers industry.
Induced impact: The induced impact measures the changes in the production of goods and services in response to consumer expenditures induced by households' incomes (i.e., wages) generated by the production of the direct and indirect requirements.
Total impact in open model: The total impact in the open model is equal to the sum of the direct and indirect impacts.
Total impact in closed model: Total impact in closed model is equal to the sum of the direct, indirect and induced impacts.
Mobile telecommunication industry: The wireless telecommunications carriers industry is defined as the production of mobile telecommunications services (excluding mobile television) produced by establishments in North American Industry Classification System industry 51731, wired and wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite).

Last updated: September 2024

Source:

Table 36-10-0669-01 Wireless telecommunications carriers industry economic impact

Jobs

In 2022, the number of jobs created by the mobile telecommunications industry is estimated to be 159,900. This includes jobs created by the industry itself, its supply chain and impacts on spending from wages generated by the production (directly and indirectly) of the industry. More information on jobs

Number of jobs, in thousands, by region, 2022^{Jobs table, note 1}
Region	Direct Jobs	Indirect Jobs	Induced Jobs	Total Jobs, Open Model	Total Jobs, Closed Model
Canada	63.3	60.0	36.5	123.4	159.9
Atlantic Region	3.7	2.4	1.7	6.1	7.8
Quebec	12.5	13.7	7.6	26.2	33.8
Ontario	24.1	27.4	16.4	51.5	67.9
Prairies, British Columbia and Territories	23.0	16.5	10.9	39.5	50.3
Tablenote 1 Due to rounding, the values in this table may not sum to the totals shown. Return to Jobs table, note 1 referrer

What is it?

Jobs: The total number of jobs includes full-time, part-time, temporary jobs and self-employed jobs. It does not take into account the number of hours worked per employee.
Direct Impact: The direct impacts are the output, gross domestic product and jobs of the wireless telecommunications carriers industry.
Indirect Impact: The indirect impacts cover upstream economic activities associated with supplying intermediate inputs (the current expenditures on goods and services used up in the production process) to the wireless telecommunications carriers industry.
Induced impact: The induced impact measures the changes in the production of goods and services in response to consumer expenditures induced by households' incomes (i.e., wages) generated by the production of the direct and indirect requirements.
Total impact in open model: The total impact in the open model is equal to the sum of the direct and indirect impacts.
Total impact in closed model: Total impact in closed model is equal to the sum of the direct, indirect and induced impacts.
Mobile telecommunication industry: The wireless telecommunications carriers industry is defined as the production of mobile telecommunications services (excluding mobile television) produced by establishments in North American Industry Classification System industry 51731, wired and wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite).

Last updated: September 2024

Source:

Table 36-10-0669-01 Wireless telecommunications carriers industry economic impact

Spending and prices for cellular services

This section includes information on the amount spent by households and the prices paid by consumers for cellular services.

Monthly spending on cell phone services

In 2021, households across all income quintiles spent approximately $109 per month on cell phone and pager services or 1.8% of total monthly expenditures after tax. More information on monthly spending on cell phone services

Monthly spending on cell phone services as a percent of total expenditures after tax, by income quintile, 2021
	All quintiles	Lowest quintile	Second quintile	Third quintile	Fourth quintile	Highest quintile
Total monthly expenditures after tax	$6,193.25	$3,131.25	$4,179.92	$5,627.92	$7,489.50	$10,510.92
Monthly expenditure on cell phone and pager services	$109.00	$55.25	$78.75	$111.08	$133.33	$166.50
Cell phone and pager services expenditure as a percentage of total expenditures	1.8%	1.8%	1.9%	2.0%	1.8%	1.6%

Monthly spending on cell phone services 2016-2021 — Description - Monthly cell and pager service expenditure, by household income quintile, 2016-2021
This is a line graph that shows monthly average expenditures for cell phone and pager services based on the lowest, highest and all household income quintiles from 2016 to 2021. The data labels display the values in Canadian dollars, with the percentage of total expenditures shown in brackets.

It has a vertical axis showing the monthly expenditures for cell phone and pager services, ranging from $40 to $200 in increments of $20.

It has a horizontal axis showing years, from 2016 to 2021 in one year increments.

The lines show that in 2016 the average monthly expenditure for cell phone and pager services was $92.08 (1.6%) across all quintiles and increased to an average of $109.00 (1.8%) in 2021.

The three most recent data points for average monthly expenditure for cell phone and pager services are $166.50 (1.6%) for the highest quintile, $55.25 (1.8%) for the lowest quintile and $109.00 (1.8%) across all quintiles in 2021.

What is it?

Monthly spending on cell phone services as a percentage of total expenditure is monthly cell phone and pager services expenditure divided by total monthly expenditures after tax and expressed as a percentage.

Expenditures refer to the values of the amounts that buyers pay, or agree to pay, to sellers in exchange for goods or services that sellers provide to them or to other institutional units designated by the buyers. The buyer incurring the liability to pay need not be the same unit that takes possession of the good or service. It is common for government units or non-profit institutions serving households to pay for goods or services that the sellers provide to households.

Household refers to a person or group of persons who occupy the same dwelling and do not have a usual place of residence elsewhere in Canada or abroad. The dwelling may be either a collective dwelling or a private dwelling. The household may consist of a family group such as a census family, of two or more families sharing a dwelling, of a group of unrelated persons or of a person living alone. Household members who are temporarily absent on reference day are considered part of their usual household.

Income used in the survey of household spending is from the previous year. For example, reference year 2019 uses revenues from 2018.

Last updated: June 2024

Source:

Table: 11-10-0223-01, Household spending by household income quintile, Canada, regions and provinces

Other information:

Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada - More affordable telecom services
This webpage provides information that helps Canadian consumers make informed decisions on mobile and wireless services. It includes service plans price comparisons (talk, text and data) for different mobile service providers for each province.

Monthly change in the cellular services price index

Consumer prices for cellular services decreased by 3.7% in February 2025 compared to February 2024. More information on monthly change in the cellular services price index

Annual average change in the cellular services price index

On an annual average basis, consumer prices for cellular services declined 16.7% from 2023 to 2024, while the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased 2.4% over the same period.

More information on annual average change in the cellular services price index

Spending and prices for Internet access services

This section includes information on the amount spent by households and the prices paid by consumers for Internet access services.

Monthly spending on Internet access services

In 2021, households across all income quintiles spent approximately $74 per month on Internet access services or 1.2% of total monthly expenditures after tax. More information on monthly spending on Internet access services

Monthly spending on Internet access services as a percent of total expenditures after tax, by income quintile, 2021
	All quintiles	Lowest quintile	Second quintile	Third quintile	Fourth quintile	Highest quintile
Total monthly expenditures after tax	$6,193.25	$3,131.25	$4,179.92	$5,627.92	$7,489.50	$10,510.92
Monthly expenditure on Internet access services	$73.83	$53.92	$67.42	$76.33	$80.08	$91.42
Internet access services expenditure as a percentage of total expenditures	1.2%	1.7%	1.6%	1.4%	1.1%	0.9%

Monthly spending on Internet access services 2016-2021 — Description - Monthly Internet access services expenditure, by household income quintile, 2016-2021
This is a line graph that shows monthly average expenditure for Internet access services based on the lowest, highest and all household income quintiles from 2016 to 2021. The data labels display the values in Canadian dollars, with the percentage of total expenditures shown in brackets.

It has a vertical axis showing the monthly expenditure for Internet access services, ranging from $30 to $90 in increments of $10.

It has a horizontal axis showing years, from 2016 to 2021 in one year increments.

The lines show that in 2016 the average monthly expenditure for Internet access services was $49.50 (0.9%) across all quintiles and increased to an average of $73.83 (1.2%) in 2021.

The three most recent data points for average monthly expenditure for Internet access services are $91.42 (0.9%) for the highest quintile, $53.92 (1.7%) for the lowest quintile and $73.83 (1.2%) across all quintiles in 2021.

What is it?

Monthly spending on Internet access services as a percentage of total expenditure is monthly Internet access services expenditure divided by total monthly expenditure after tax and expressed as a percentage.

Income used in the survey of household spending is from the previous year. For example, reference year 2019 uses revenues from 2018.

Source:

Table 11-10-0223-01, Household spending by household income quintile, Canada, regions and provinces

Monthly change in the Internet access services price index

Consumer prices for Internet access services increased by 8.6% in February 2025 compared to February 2024. More information on monthly change in the Internet access services price index

Annual average change in the Internet access services price index

On an annual average basis, consumer prices for Internet access services declined 5.8% from 2023 to 2024, while the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI) increased 2.4% over the same period.

More information on annual average change in the Internet access services price index

Labour

This section provides information on earnings, employment, and trends in education levels and labour productivity in the telecommunications sector.

Employment level

In 2023, the wired and wireless telecommunications industry employed 100,640 people. More information

on employment level

Average weekly earnings

In 2023, the average weekly earnings for the wired and wireless telecommunications industry was $1,691, or $87,920 on an annual basis. This is higher than the service industry average weekly earnings of $1,146, or $59,573 on an annual basis. More information on average weekly earnings

What is it?

Average weekly earnings: The gross taxable payroll of an employee, including pay for overtime.
Wired and wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite) (NAICS 5173): This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing telecommunications and video entertainment services to their customer premises and/or to mobile telecommunication devices over network facilities operated by them. These establishments can own a network, lease a network or combine leased and owned facilities and their networks can integrate various technologies.
Service-producing industries: Service producing industries include the following codes of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS): trade (41-45N), transportation and warehousing (48-49), information and cultural industries (51), finance and insurance (52), real estate and rental and leasing (53), professional, scientific and technical services (54), management of companies and enterprises (55), administrative and support, waste management and remediation services (56), educational services (61), health care and social assistance (62), arts, entertainment and recreation (71), accommodation and food services (72), other services (except public administration) (81) and public administration (91).

Source: June 2024

Source:

Survey of Employment, Payrolls and Hours (SEPH)
Table 14-10-0204-01 Average Weekly Earnings by Industry, annual

Education level

In 2024, the percentage of persons employed in the telecommunication industry with a bachelor’s degree or above was 45.0%, up from 25.8% in 2004. More information on education level

Share of women in executive positions

In 2020, women held 16.4% of director board seats and 26.8% of officer positions in the telecommunications industry. More information on Share of women in executive positions

Description - Share of women board directors and officers in the telecommunications industry, 2016-2020
The title of the chart is "Share of women board directors and officers in the telecommunications industry, 2016-2020."

This chart displays the share of women in executive positions (directors and officers) in the telecommunications industry and all industries over time.

The vertical axis displays the percentage of women in executive positions.

The vertical bars represent the percentage of women in executive positions in the telecommunications industry, while the horizontal lines represent the percentage of women in executive positions across all industries.

The horizontal axis displays years, from 2016 to 2020, in increments of one year.

From 2016 to 2020, the share of women board directors in the telecommunications industry decreased from 17.0% to 16.4% (-3.5%). During the same period, the share of women in director seats across all industries increased, from 17.8% to 20.5% (+15.2%).

From 2016 to 2020, the share of women officers in the telecommunications industry increased from 24.2% to 26.8% (+10.7%). During the same period, the share of women officers across all industries also increased, from 29.0% to 31.4% (+8.3%).

**What is it?**

The share of women in executive positions measures the proportion of women board directors and officers for companies that conduct business in Canada. Diversity on boards may be measured by various demographic factors, such as: gender, age and racialized groups. Diverse boards may provide different perspectives on topics, which may enable better decision-making.

**Executive**

An executive is a person who occupies a leadership and decision-making role within an enterprise, and who contributes either as a board director or as an officer.

**Directors**

Directors are responsible for supervising the activities of the corporation and for making decisions regarding those activities.

**Officers**

Officers are responsible for the day-to-day operation of the corporation. Officers are appointed by the directors and, together with directors, form the management of the corporation. Officers can fill any position in the corporation that directors want them to fill (president, secretary or any other position).

**Other notes**

Due to rounding, the values in the chart may not match the values in other publications.

The denominators used in the calculations for the share of women in executive positions are not constant over time due to changes in the number of businesses in operation, and other changes in total employment.

Figures for reference year 2019 were revised since their initial release. The revisions came primarily from an update of the 2019 dataset and from methodological enhancements.

**Source:**

Table 33-10-0501-01, Representation of women and men on boards of directors and in officer positions, by firm attributes

Labour productivity level

In 2023, labour productivity in the telecommunications industry was $167.40 per hour, higher than the value for all service-producing businesses ($54.00 per hour). More information on labour productivity level

Labour productivity in telecommunications industry and for all service-producing businesses, chained (2017) dollars per hour, 2013-2023 — Description – Labour productivity in the telecommunications industry and for all service-producing businesses, chained (2017) dollars per hour, 2013-2023
The title of chart is "Labour productivity in the telecommunications industry and for all service-producing businesses, chained (2017) dollars per hour, 2013-2023."

This line chart illustrates how the labour productivity level in the telecommunications industry and for all service-producing businesses has changed over time.

The vertical axis displays output per hour in chained (2017) dollars per hour, ranging from 40 to 180, in increments of 20.

The horizontal axis displays years, from 2013 to 2023, in increments of one year.

Between the two most recent years of the chart (2022 and 2023), labour productivity in the telecommunications industry decreased from $174.90 per hour in 2022 to $167.40 per hour in 2023. Labour productivity for all service-producing businesses fell from $54.60 per hour to $54.00 per hour over the same time period.

From 2013 to 2023, labour productivity in the telecommunications industry rose from $139.90 per hour to $167.40 per hour. Labour productivity for all service-producing businesses increased from $48.00 per hour to $54.00 per hour over the same time period.

What is it?

Labour productivity calculation: Labour productivity, or real output per hour, is calculated by dividing the real output of an industry, sector or economy by the number of hours worked used in its production process. The real output is measured in terms of real value added (in chained 2017 dollars).; By assessing the levels and growth rates of this ratio (output per hour worked) over time, data users can gain a general indication of the efficiency and quality of human capital in the production process for a given economic context. In particular, it can provide an indication of the impact of innovations on the production of an industry, sector or economy.
Service-producing businesses: Service-producing businesses include business establishments of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes 41, 44-45, 48-49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 61, 62, 71, 72, and 81, with the exception of the owner-occupied dwellings industry.
Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health measures: In 2020 and 2021, productivity data were particularly volatile, reflecting the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health measures on economic activity and the labour market.

Last updated: June 2024

Source:

Table 36-10-0480-01, Labour productivity and related measures by business sector industry and by non-commercial activity consistent with the industry accounts

Labour productivity growth

Over the last decade (2013 to 2023), labour productivity in the telecommunications industry grew by 19.7% (+1.9% per year on average), while it increased by 10.4% (+1.1% per year on average) for all service-producing businesses. More information on labour productivity growth

Labour productivity growth in the telecommunications industry and all industries, 2013-2023
Year	Growth rate (%)
Year	Service-producing businesses	Telecommunications
2013 to 2014	3.1	9.2
2014 to 2015	0.0	3.8
2015 to 2016	0.6	1.8
2016 to 2017	2.2	-2.5
2017 to 2018	0.2	1.1
2018 to 2019	1.5	5.4
2019 to 2020	9.3	5.4
2020 to 2021	-4.9	-4.4
2021 to 2022	-0.4	3.4
2022 to 2023	-1.1	-4.3
2013 to 2023	10.4	19.7

What is it?

Labour productivity calculation: Labour productivity, or real output per hour, is calculated by dividing the real output of an industry, sector or economy by the number of hours worked used in its production process. The real output is measured in terms of real value added (in chained 2017 dollars).; By assessing the levels and growth rates of this ratio (output per hour worked) over time, data users can gain a general indication of the efficiency and quality of human capital in the production process for a given economic context. In particular, it can provide an indication of the impact of innovations on the production of an industry, sector or economy.
Growth rates interpretation: The average annual productivity growth rates presented in the introductory paragraph of this indicator (e.g., “+1.9% per year on average”) refer to the compound annual growth rates over the indicated period. All other growth rates presented for this indicator represent the percentage change in the levels of productivity between the two indicated years.
Service-producing businesses: Service-producing businesses include business establishments of the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes 41, 44-45, 48-49, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 61, 62, 71, 72, and 81, with the exception of the owner-occupied dwellings industry.
Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health measures: In 2020 and 2021, productivity data were particularly volatile, reflecting the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health measures on economic activity and the labour market.

Last updated: June 2024

Source:

Table 36-10-0480-01, Labour productivity and related measures by business sector industry and by non-commercial activity consistent with the industry accounts

Wireless networks infrastructure and coverage

Wireless networks are used to make phone calls and access the internet throughout Canada. This section provides information on data usage, access to and availability of wireless networks in Canada.

5G coverage map

This map shows 5G coverage in Canada. The shaded areas show where 5G networks are in operation, and the non-shaded areas show where there are no 5G networks currently in operation. More information on 5G coverage

Access to mobile networks

In 2023, 93.3% of Canadians had access to 5G networks and 99.5% of Canadians had access to LTE networks. More information on access to mobile networks

Percentage of Canadians with access to LTE networks, by year
Year	Percentage of Canadians with access to 5G	Percentage of Canadians with access to LTE
2016	-	98.5
2017	-	99.0
2018	-	99.3
2019	-	99.5
2020	53.3	99.5
2021	87.8	99.4
2022	91.4	99.5
2023	93.3	99.5

What is it?

Percentage of Canadians with access to 5G networks or Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks.

Last updated: April 2025

Source:

Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission, Communications Monitoring Report

Mobile subscriptions

The number of subscriptions to mobile services in Canada was 37.0M in 2023, up from 35.4M in 2022. More information on mobile subscriptions

Data usage

Canadians used an average of 7.0 GB of mobile data per month in 2023, up from 5.7 GB reported in 2022. More information on data usage

Download and upload speeds

For the period of October 3^rd, 2024 to January 1^st, 2025, the National average mobile network download and upload speeds, were 66.6 Mbps and 11.4 Mbps respectively, as experienced by all users across the mobile networks of all operators. For reference, it is recommended that a minimum download speed of 5.0 Mbps is used to stream HD quality video, or 25 Mbps for UHD (4K) video. More information on download and upload speeds

Download and upload speeds, by region
Region	2024 Q2		2024 Q3		2024 Q4
Region	Average Download Speed (Mbps)	Average Upload Speed (Mbps)	Average Download Speed (Mbps)	Average Upload Speed (Mbps)	Average Download Speed (Mbps)	Average Upload Speed (Mbps)
Canada	62.6	10.6	59.5	9.9	66.6	11.4
Atlantic provinces	60.1	8.9	53.4	8.1	63.1	9.2
Quebec	55.2	9.9	52.0	9.3	56.2	10.4
Ontario	64.9	11.1	60.5	10.3	66.8	11.8
Manitoba	84.8	12.4	75.4	11.0	85.8	12.7
Saskatchewan	80.2	12.0	79.0	10.9	98.7	13.3
Alberta	68.6	11.4	67.7	10.8	75.3	12.5
British Columbia	58.3	10.5	57.4	9.8	63.4	11.1
North	40.0	8.1	46.4	8.5	64.2	10.3
Source: Opensignal ©2025 Opensignal Limited – All rights reserved

What is it?

Mbps: Megabits per second
Download speed (Mbps): Download speed is a measure of how fast information comes to your connected device through the mobile network. Measured in Mbps, the indicator represents the average download speed experienced by users across all operators' 3G, 4G and 5G networks during the reference time period. Higher speeds are more desirable, as it allows users to retrieve or download content, such as web pages, videos, files or music more quickly.
Upload speed (Mbps): Upload speed is a measure of how fast information goes from your connected device through the mobile network. Measured in Mbps, the indicator represents the average upload speed experienced by users across all operators' 3G, 4G and 5G networks during the reference time period. Higher speeds can allow for pictures, music, and documents to be uploaded and shared more quickly.

Last updated: March 2025

Source:

Opensignal

Internet services infrastructure and coverage

Residential high-speed Internet services are provided to homes through various technologies such as DSL (Digital Subscriber Line), cable, FTTH (Fibre-to-the-Home)/ FTTP (Fibre-to-the-Premises), satellite, and fixed wireless technologies. This section provides information on data usage, access, availability and subscriptions to residential high-speed Internet in Canada.

Broadband Internet service availability

This map gives an overview of broadband Internet coverage in Canada in 2021. Shaded areas indicate where broadband Internet services are available, and unshaded areas indicate where no broadband Internet services are available. More information on broadband Internet service availability

Access to broadband Internet services

In 2021, 91.4% of Canadian households had access to unlimited broadband Internet coverage with at least 50 megabits per second (Mbps) upload and 10 Mbps download speeds (often referred to as "50/10"), meeting the Government of Canada's goal for national broadband availability in 2021. More information on access to broadband Internet services

Access to broadband Internet services
Year	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021
Households with access to 50/10 with an unlimited data option (%)	84.1	85.7	85.7	89.7	91.4

What is it?

Broadband Internet access refers to Internet services with download speeds of 1.5 Mbps or faster that are accessed via DSL (Digital Subscriber Line), cable, FTTH (Fibre-to-the-Home)/ FTTP (Fibre-to-the-Premises), satellite, and fixed wireless technologies. This access excludes dial-up and mobile wireless services.

The Government of Canada has the following targets for national broadband availability:

90% of households with 50/10 unlimited by 2021. This target has been met.
100% of households with 50/10 unlimited by 2031.

Coverage availability data, from the CRTC's Facilities Survey, is representative of close to 100% of the telecommunications market and is collected on an annual basis.

Source:

Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission, Communications Market Reports

Residential broadband Internet subscriptions

The number of residential broadband Internet subscriptions in Canada was 13.1M in 2022, up from 12.4M in 2021. More information on residential broadband Internet subscriptions

Average monthly data usage per high-speed residential Internet subscription

In 2022, the average monthly data used per high-speed residential Internet service subscription was 482.5 GB, an increase of 9% from 2021. More information on average monthly data usage per high-speed residential Internet subscription

Investment

This section includes information on investments in telecommunications infrastructure and capital expenditures in the telecommunications industry.

Spectrum

In 2023, 4099 spectrum licences were auctioned in the 3800 MHz band for a total value of $2.16 billion or $0.26 per MHz per person ($/MHz-Pop). More information on spectrum

Results of major spectrum auctions, 2008 to 2023
Licence Type	Total Proceeds ($)	Number of Licences	$/MHz-pop	$/capita
Advanced Wireless Services AWS 1 (2008)^{Spectrum table footnote 1}
Open	2,663,694,000	177	1.78
Set-Aside	1,513,809,000	87	1.26
All	4,177,503,000	264	1.55	125.18
700 MHz (2014)
All^{Spectrum table footnote 2}	5,270,636,002	97	2.32	148.22
Advanced Wireless Services AWS 3 (2015)
Open	2,010,989,763	28	3.00
Set-Aside	98,157,658	11	0.11
All	2,109,147,421	39	1.32	58.88
2500 MHz (2015)
All^{Spectrum table footnote 2}	755,371,001	302	0.29	21.09
600 MHz (2019)
Open	2,656,244,000	64	1.89
Set-Aside	814,084,000	40	0.81
All	3,470,328,000	104	1.44	91.80
3500 MHz (2021)
Open	7,300,464,989	749	3.25
Set-Aside^{Spectrum table footnote 3}	1,530,564,809	746	0.92
All	8,831,029,798	1495	2.26	230.90
3800 MHz (2023)
All^{Spectrum table footnote 2}	2,157,696,532	4099	0.26	53.81
Footnote 1 Only licences for AWS 1 band were included Return to footnote 1 referrer Footnote 2 No spectrum was set aside; however, spectrum caps were used Return to the first footnote 2 referrer Footnote 3 Includes all spectrum won by set-aside bidders in service areas where the set-aside spectrum was available and where they were eligible to bid on set-aside. Return to footnote 3 referrer

What is it?

Spectrum and Auctions: Spectrum refers to the radio frequencies used by the telecommunications industry and other sectors for communication and broadcasting over the airways. The radio frequency spectrum is a unique, finite resource that is an integral component of Canada's telecommunications infrastructure– it is what makes wireless communications possible. The Minister of Innovation, Science and Economic Development (ISED) is responsible for spectrum management in Canada.
Spectrum provides access to a broad range of wireless services that benefit all Canadians, including private, commercial, consumer, defence, national security, scientific and public safety services. Mobile wireless services are used by Canadians on a day-to-day basis. These services include cellular phone services delivered over networks using third- and fourth-generation technologies (also known as 3G and 4G). The introduction of new mobile wireless technologies such as 5th generation mobile (5G) is driven by demand for ever-increasing amounts of data, which translates into a greater demand for spectrum.
Licences for mobile wireless services are generally assigned using "spectrum licences" which allow the use of specified frequencies within a defined geographic area. Starting in 1999, auctions have been used as the main tool for the assignment of spectrum licences in Canada when the demand for these licences was expected to exceed the supply.
Mechanisms of Auction Marketplace: The government has a variety of policy measures it may use in spectrum auctions. These may include spectrum "set-asides", where some frequency blocks of spectrum are reserved for auction participants that meet specific eligibility (such as companies that are not established national service providers) and the remainder are "open" for all auction participants. They may also include "spectrum caps" that limit the amount of spectrum any one entity may hold.
MHz-Pop (or MHz * Population): The amount of spectrum applied to a population within a geographic service area covered by a spectrum license. Mathematically, this is simply the multiplication of the population and the amount of spectrum (in MHz) for each licence.
$/MHz-Pop: A method for standardizing the price of spectrum. The numerator is the total price paid for a licence or group of licences (in dollars) and the denominator is the amount of spectrum multiplied by the population in the geographic area covered by the licence or group of licences (MHz-Pop).
Auction results: All spectrum auctions are unique. The prices paid for spectrum in any particular auction are influenced by a number of factors, including but not limited to: demand and supply of spectrum in the particular band; the characteristics of the spectrum (i.e., how much area it can cover); the availability of equipment that can use the spectrum to provide a specific wireless service; the format used in the auction; and the economic environment at the time. As a result, auction results do not necessarily reflect the relative value of different bands of spectrum.
$/Capita: A measure for expressing the price of spectrum as it compares to the population of Canada. The numerator is the price paid for a licence or group of licences (in dollars) and the denominator is the total population for Canada, as measured in the last quarter of the reference period.

Sources:

Investment in communications networks

In 2023, private and public industries in Canada invested 7.8 billion dollars in communications networks, including 3.3 billion dollars in optical fibre cables. For more statistics on infrastructure and communications networks, visit Statistics Canada’s Infrastructure statistics hub.

Capital expenditures

Capital expenditure in the wired and wireless telecommunications industry was estimated to be 12.1 billion dollars in 2023, or roughly 307 dollars per Canadian. More information on capital expenditures

Annual capital expenditures
Year	Total Capital Expenditure (Billions)	Capital Expenditure per Capita
2013	$5.6	$159.40
2014	$8.5	$238.12
2015	$9.4	$261.02
2016	$9.5	$262.24
2017	$10.7	$292.01
2018	$10.7	$286.71
2019	$10.6	$279.85
2020	$10.0	$262.05
2021	$11.9	$310.27
2022	$12.4	$315.69
2023	$12.1¹	$306.71
¹ Preliminary Estimate

What is it?

Capital expenditure includes new capital construction expenditures, and well as capital machinery expenditures. Capital construction for the telecom sector includes assets such as telecommunication cables, towers, poles etc. Capital machinery usually includes assets like computers and telephone and data communications equipment.

Wired and wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite) (NAICS 5173)

This industry group comprises establishments primarily engaged in providing telecommunications and video entertainment services to their customer premises and/or to mobile telecommunication devices over network facilities operated by them. These establishments can own a network, lease a network or combine leased and owned facilities and their networks can integrate various technologies.

Last updated: July 2024

Source:

Smartphone use

Increased functionality of smartphones has changed the way Canadians interact with one another. This section provides data on the use, activities and habits of smartphone users in Canada.

Smartphone Internet access

In 2022, 85% of Canadians used a smartphone to access the Internet. The proportion was highest among those aged 25 to 34 (98%), and lowest among those aged 75 and over (37%). However, those aged 75 and over saw the largest increase from 2020 (+10 percentage points). More information on Smartphone Internet access

Size of monthly mobile data plan

In 2022, almost a fifth of Canadians (19%) had a monthly data plan of 1 GB to less than 6 GB, while approximately one in six Canadians (16%) had a data plan of 30 GB or more. More information on Size of monthly mobile data plan

Smartphone habits

In 2020, 51.2% of Canadians said they check their smartphone as the last thing that they do before going to sleep. More information on smartphone habits

Smartphone habits of Canadians, by age group, 2018-2020
Smartphone habit	Age groups
	All individuals		15 to 24 years	25 to 44 years	45 to 64 years	65 years and over
	Year
	2018	2020	2020
	Percentage of Canadians
Check their smartphone at least every 30 minutes	36.5	43.4	70.6	59.8	35.0	12.3
Check their smartphone as the last thing they do before going to sleep	45.0	51.2	75.4	68.6	44.4	18.4
Use their smartphone while watching television	43.0	47.0	60.3	63.8	42.2	19.1
Use their smartphone while eating dinner with others	16.6	13.0	20.9	20.6	8.5	3.0
Check their smartphone as the first thing they do after waking up	..	53.2	75.6	68.7	47.6	22.4
.. not available for a specific reference period

What is it?

Smartphone: A smartphone is a mobile phone that performs many of the functions of a computer, typically having a touchscreen interface, internet access, and an operating system capable of running downloaded applications. Apple iPhone and Samsung Galaxy are examples of smartphones.

Source:

Table 22-10-0143-01 Smartphone personal use and selected smartphone habits by gender and age group

Cord cutting

In 2021, 52.2% of households in Canada reported they had a cellphone and no landline, up from 12.7% in 2011. Close to 85% of households with a respondent less than 30 years old reported they had a cellphone and no landline. More information on cord cutting

Percentage of households with cellphone and no landline, by age group, 2011 and 2021

Age group	2011	2021
All	12.7	52.2
Age less than 30	46.5	84.9
Age 30 to 39	23.1	85.7
Age 40 to 54	8.8	59.6
Age 55 to 64	4.0	41.5
Age 65 and over	1.4	21.3

Percentage of Canadians with a cellphone and no landline — Description - Percentage of households with cellphone and no landline, by age group, 2011 and 2021
This is a line graph displaying the percentage of households of all ages with a cellphone and no landline from 2011-2021.

The vertical axis displays the percentage of households, from 0 to 60%.

It has a horizontal axis showing years, from 2011 to 2021 in two year increments.

The line shows that in 2011 the percentage of households with a cellphone and no landline was 12.7% and increased to 52.2% in 2021.

What is it?

Percentage of households that reported they had a cellphone and no landline. Household age is determined by the respondent who reported for the Survey of Household Spending.

Last updated: July 2024

Source:

Survey of Household Spending, 2021

The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunication Commission Communications Market Reports

The Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission Communications Market Reports (CMR) provide financial and performance information on Canada's communications market sectors. The CMR are intended to support an open and informed public discussion of broadcasting and telecommunications regulatory policies and issues.

Articles and publications

Additional resources

User application

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We are fully committed to protecting the confidentiality of the information provided by our clients. This information will be used only to support your client relationship with Statistics Canada. For more information about the protection of your privacy as a client, please visit Protecting your privacy as a client.

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The researcher understands that any contravention of the RTRA terms and conditions or the Statistics Canada Open Licence agreement will result in his/her access being revoked for an indeterminate period of time. The organization sponsoring the researcher may also be subject to revocation of their access.

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I have read the Statistics Canada Open Licence agreement and RTRA terms and conditions and agree to abide by them.

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Date modified:: 2022-10-04

Application for organizations

Application for organizations (PDF, 754.56 KB)

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The Senior RTRA Contact must be someone who has the authority to agree to the Purchase Confirmation, as well as the RTRA Terms and Conditions.

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The statistical work outlined in this proposal will be used to support the mandate of the organization. The users within the organization agree to abide by the Statistics Canada Open Licence agreement which governs the use of information produced by Statistics Canada and provided by the RTRA system.

The Senior RTRA Contact is authorized to perform work on behalf of the organization and has the authority to agree to the Purchase Confirmation, as well as the RTRA Terms and Conditions.

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The Senior RTRA Contact understands that any contravention of the RTRA terms and conditions or the Statistics Canada Open Licence agreement will result in access being revoked for an indeterminate period of time. The organization sponsoring researchers who contravene the RTRA terms and conditions or the Statistics Canada Open Licence agreement may also be subject to revocation of their access.

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2020 Annual Industrial Consumption of Energy Survey

Why do we conduct this survey?

This survey is conducted by Statistics Canada in order to collect the necessary information to support the Integrated Business Statistics Program (IBSP). This program combines various survey and administrative data to develop comprehensive measures of the Canadian economy.

The statistical information from the IBSP serves many purposes, including:

obtaining information on the supply of and/or demand for energy in Canada
enabling governmental agencies to fulfill their regulatory responsibilities in regards to public utilities
enabling all levels of government to establish informed policies in the energy area
assisting the business community in the corporate decision-making process.

Your information may also be used by Statistics Canada for other statistical and research purposes.

Your participation in this survey is required under the authority of the Statistics Act.

Other important information

Authorization to collect this information

Data are collected under the authority of the Statistics Act, Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, Chapter S-19.

Confidentiality

By law, Statistics Canada is prohibited from releasing any information it collects that could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent, or as permitted by the Statistics Act. Statistics Canada will use the information from this survey for statistical purposes only.

Record linkages

To enhance the data from this survey and to reduce the reporting burden, Statistics Canada may combine the acquired data with information from other surveys or from administrative sources.

Data-sharing agreements

To reduce respondent burden, Statistics Canada has entered into data-sharing agreements with provincial and territorial statistical agencies and other government organizations, which have agreed to keep the data confidential and use them only for statistical purposes. Statistics Canada will only share data from this survey with those organizations that have demonstrated a requirement to use the data.

Section 11 of the Statistics Act provides for the sharing of information with provincial and territorial statistical agencies that meet certain conditions. These agencies must have the legislative authority to collect the same information, on a mandatory basis, and the legislation must provide substantially the same provisions for confidentiality and penalties for disclosure of confidential information as the Statistics Act. Because these agencies have the legal authority to compel businesses to provide the same information, consent is not requested and businesses may not object to the sharing of the data.

For this survey, there are Section 11 agreements with the provincial and territorial statistical agencies of Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Québec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia and the Yukon. The shared data will be limited to information pertaining to business establishments located within the jurisdiction of the respective province or territory.

Section 12 of the Statistics Act provides for the sharing of information with federal, provincial or territorial government organizations.

Under Section 12, you may refuse to share your information with any of these organizations by writing a letter of objection to the Chief Statistician, specifying the organizations with which you do not want Statistics Canada to share your data and mailing it to the following address:

Chief Statistician of Canada
Statistics Canada
Attention of Director, Enterprise Statistics Division
150 Tunney's Pasture Driveway
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0T6

You may also contact us by email at statcan.esdhelpdesk-dsebureaudedepannage.statcan@statcan.gc.ca or by fax at 613-951-6583.

For this survey, there are Section 12 agreements with the statistical agencies of Prince Edward Island, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut as well as with the Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Natural Resources, the New Brunswick Department of Environment and Local Government, the Quebec Forest Industry Council, the ministère des Finances du Québec, the ministère de l’Environnement et de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques du Québec, the ministère de l’Énergie et des Ressources naturelles du Québec, Transition énergétique Québec, the Manitoba Department of Growth, Enterprise and Trade, Alberta Energy, the British Columbia Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, the Canada Energy Regulator, Natural Resources Canada and Environment and Climate Change Canada.

For agreements with provincial and territorial government organizations, the shared data will be limited to information pertaining to business establishments located within the jurisdiction of the respective province or territory.

Business or organization and contact information

1. Please verify or provide the business or organization's legal and operating name and correct where needed.

Note: Legal name modifications should only be done to correct a spelling error or typo.

Legal Name

The legal name is one recognized by law, thus it is the name liable for pursuit or for debts incurred by the business or organization. In the case of a corporation, it is the legal name as fixed by its charter or the statute by which the corporation was created.

Modifications to the legal name should only be done to correct a spelling error or typo.

To indicate a legal name of another legal entity you should instead indicate it in question 3 by selecting 'Not currently operational' and then choosing the applicable reason and providing the legal name of this other entity along with any other requested information.

Operating Name

The operating name is a name the business or organization is commonly known as if different from its legal name. The operating name is synonymous with trade name.

Legal name
Operating name (if applicable)

2. Please verify or provide the contact information of the designated business or organization contact person for this questionnaire and correct where needed.

Note: The designated contact person is the person who should receive this questionnaire. The designated contact person may not always be the one who actually completes the questionnaire.

First name
Last name
Title
Preferred language of communication
- English
- French
Mailing address (number and street)
City
Province, territory or state
Postal code or ZIP code
Country
- Canada
- United States
Email address
Telephone number (including area code)
Extension number (if applicable)
The maximum number of characters is 5.
Fax number (including area code)

3. Please verify or provide the current operational status of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

Operational
Not currently operational
Why is this business or organization not currently operational?
- Seasonal operations
  - When did this business or organization close for the season?
    - Date
  - When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?
    - Date
- Ceased operations
  - When did this business or organization cease operations?
    - Date
  - Why did this business or organization cease operations?
    - Bankruptcy
    - Liquidation
    - Dissolution
    - Other - Specify the other reasons for ceased operations
- Sold operations
  - When was this business or organization sold?
    - Date
  - What is the legal name of the buyer?
- Amalgamated with other businesses or organizations
  - When did this business or organization amalgamate?
    - Date
  - What is the legal name of the resulting or continuing business or organization?
  - What are the legal names of the other amalgamated businesses or organizations?
- Temporarily inactive but will re-open
  - When did this business or organization become temporarily inactive?
    - Date
  - When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?
    - Date
  - Why is this business or organization temporarily inactive?
- No longer operating due to other reasons
  - When did this business or organization cease operations?
    - Date
  - Why did this business or organization cease operations?

4. Please verify or provide the current main activity of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

Note: The described activity was assigned using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

This question verifies the business or organization's current main activity as classified by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is an industry classification system developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States. Created against the background of the North American Free Trade Agreement, it is designed to provide common definitions of the industrial structure of the three countries and a common statistical framework to facilitate the analysis of the three economies. NAICS is based on supply-side or production-oriented principles, to ensure that industrial data, classified to NAICS, are suitable for the analysis of production-related issues such as industrial performance.

The target entity for which NAICS is designed are businesses and other organizations engaged in the production of goods and services. They include farms, incorporated and unincorporated businesses and government business enterprises. They also include government institutions and agencies engaged in the production of marketed and non-marketed services, as well as organizations such as professional associations and unions and charitable or non-profit organizations and the employees of households.

The associated NAICS should reflect those activities conducted by the business or organizational units targeted by this questionnaire only, as identified in the 'Answering this questionnaire' section and which can be identified by the specified legal and operating name. The main activity is the activity which most defines the targeted business or organization's main purpose or reason for existence. For a business or organization that is for-profit, it is normally the activity that generates the majority of the revenue for the entity.

The NAICS classification contains a limited number of activity classifications; the associated classification might be applicable for this business or organization even if it is not exactly how you would describe this business or organization's main activity.

Please note that any modifications to the main activity through your response to this question might not necessarily be reflected prior to the transmitting of subsequent questionnaires and as a result they may not contain this updated information.

The following is the detailed description including any applicable examples or exclusions for the classification currently associated with this business or organization.

Description and examples

This is the current main activity.
This is not the current main activity.

Please provide a brief but precise description of this business or organization's main activity.

e.g., breakfast cereal manufacturing, shoe store, software development

Main activity

5. You indicated that is not the current main activity. Was this business or organization's main activity ever classified as: ?

Yes
When did the main activity change?
Date
No

6. Please search and select the industry classification code that best corresponds to this business or organization's main activity.

Select this business or organization's activity sector (optional)

Farming or logging operation
Construction company or general contractor
Manufacturer
Wholesaler
Retailer
Provider of passenger or freight transportation
Provider of investment, savings or insurance products
Real estate agency, real estate brokerage or leasing company
Provider of professional, scientific or technical services
Provider of health care or social services
Restaurant, bar, hotel, motel or other lodging establishment
Other sector

Electricity generation

1. Did this business generate electricity?

Electricity:: A form of energy generated by friction, induction or chemical change that is caused by the presence and motion of elementary-charged particles.
Electricity Generation:: Please provide the total amount of electricity generated including what was consumed by the plant and sold.
Note: If the plant consumed any of the electricity it generated, please include the quantity consumed in question 5.

2. How much electricity did this business generate?

Note: Report the total quantity of electricity generated; regardless of whether it was consumed by this business or sold to others.

Quantity generated

Unit of measure

Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilowatt-hour (kWh)
Megawatt-hour (MWh)
Million Btu (MBtu)

Type of energy consumed

3. Which types of energy were consumed by the business?

Include energy consumed: as fuel for the production process (also heating, on-site transportation, to produce steam for own use); to produce electricity; to produce steam for sale or transfer to another business; and for non-energy use (such as atomization, as feedstock to produce other products, as a reducing agent or used in gasoline blends).

Select all that apply.

Electricity:: A form of energy generated by friction, induction or chemical change that is caused by the presence and motion of elementary-charged particles. The electricity that is consumed can either be received by the establishment (purchased) or produced by the establishment (self-generated).
Natural gas:: A mixture of hydrocarbons, comprised principally of methane (CH4), originating in the gaseous phase or in solution with crude oil in porous geologic formations beneath the earth's surface.
Propane:: A gaseous, straight-chained hydrocarbon. A colourless, paraffinic gas extracted from natural gas or refinery gas streams, consisting of molecules composed of three atoms of carbon and eight atoms of hydrogen (C3H8). Used primarily in residential and commercial heating and cooling, as transportation fuel and petrochemical feedstock.
Middle distillates (diesel, light fuel oil, kerosene)
Diesel:: All grades of distillate fuel used for diesel engines, including those with low sulphur content (lower than 0.05%). Exclude diesel used for transportation off the plant site.
Light fuel oil:: A light petroleum distillate used for power burners. Include fuel oil no. 2, fuel oil no. 3, furnace fuel oil, gas oils and light industrial fuel.
Kerosene and other middle distillates:: Include kerosene (a light petroleum distillate that is used in space heaters, cook stoves and water heaters, and is suitable for use as a light source when burned in wick-fed lamps; also known as stove oil), fuel oil no. 1 and mineral lamp oil. Exclude gasoline used for transportation off the plant site.
Heavy fuel oil (Canadian/Foreign):: All grades of residual type fuels, including those with low sulphur content. Usually used for steam and electric power generation, and diesel motors. Include heavy fuel oil nos. 4, 5, 6 and bunker C.
Wood and wood waste:: Wood and wood energy used as fuel, including round wood (cord wood), lignin, wood scraps from furniture and window frame manufacturing, wood chips, bark, sawdust, shavings, lumber rejects, forest residues, charcoal and pulp waste from the operation of pulp mills, sawmills and plywood mills.
Spent pulping liquor (Black liquor):: A recycled by-product formed during the pulping of wood in the paper-making process. It is primarily made up of lignin and other wood constituents, and chemicals that are by-products of the manufacture of chemical pulp. It is burned as fuel or in a recovery boiler which produces steam which can be used to produce electricity.
Refuse:: Solid or liquid waste materials used as a combustible energy source. Include the burning of wastepaper, packing materials, garbage and other industrial, agricultural and urban refuse. It is often used to generate electricity. Please specify type.
Steam:: A gas resulting from the vaporization of a liquid or the sublimation of a solid, generated by condensing or non condensing turbines. The steam that is consumed can either be produced by the establishment (self-generated) or received by the establishment (purchased). Report purchased or self-generated steam used as fuel for the production process, used to produce electricity and used for a non-energy use (such as atomization or as feed in process application). However, steam consumed as a motive force to move liquid and gas streams, or steam used to moisturize feed for another process should not be reported.
Special note:: The consumption of fuels used to generate steam for use within the establishment (self-generated steam) should be reported under "as fuel" for those fuels. For example, if 100 cubic metres of heavy fuel oil was used to produce self-generated steam, the consumption of 100 cubic metres should be included under "as fuel" for heavy fuel oil.
Coal:: A readily combustible, black or brownish-black rock-like substance, whose composition, including inherent moisture, consists of more than 50% by weight and 70% by volume of carbonaceous material. It is formed from plant remains that have been compacted, hardened, chemically altered and metamorphosed by heat and pressure over geologic time without access to air.
Bituminous coal (Canadian/Foreign):: A dense, black coal, often with well-defined bands of bright and dull material with a moisture content usually less than 20%. It has a higher heating value and higher volatile matter and ash content than sub-bituminous coal; the heating value of bituminous coal typically ranges from 23.3 to 30.2 terajoules per kilotonne. Used in making coke, in steam and electricity production, as well as in the production of steel. Metallurgical coal is typically bituminous coal.
Sub-bituminous coal (Canadian/Foreign):: A black coal used primarily for thermal generation. It has a high moisture content, between 15% and 40% by weight. Its sulphur content is typically quite low; its ash content is also usually low, but volatile matter is usually high and can exceed 40% of the weight. Heating value varies from 16.3 terajoules per kilotonne to slightly over 20.9 terajoules per kilotonne.
Lignite:: Low-rank, brown coals which are distinctly brown and woody or claylike in appearance, and which contain relatively high moisture contents (between 30% and 70% of the fuel by weight). Used almost exclusively for electric power generation.
Anthracite:: A hard, black, lustrous coal containing a high percentage of fixed carbon, a low percentage of volatile matter, little moisture content, low sulfur, low ash and a high heating value at or above 27.7 terajoules per kilotonne that burns with a nearly smokeless flame. Generally used in the production of steel.
Coal coke (Canadian/Foreign):: A hard, porous product made from the carbonization (baking) of bituminous coal in ovens in substoichiometric atmosphere at high temperatures to the extent that the volatile matter of the coal is released and the coal passes through a "plastic stage" to become metallurgical coke. Often used as a fuel and a carbon input (reducing agent) in smelting iron ore in an integrated steel mill (blast furnace). Coke breeze and foundry coke are included in this category.
Coal tar:: Organic material separated from coke oven gas evolved during coking operations (a black and viscous liquid). This category includes pyridine, tar acids, naphthalene, creosote oil and coal pitch.
Light coal oil:: Condensable products (primarily benzene, toluene, xylene and solvent naphtha) obtained during distillation of the coke oven gas, following removal of the coal tar.
Coke oven gas:: Obtained as a by-product of solid fuel carbonization and gasification operations carried out by coke producers and iron and steel plants.
Petroleum coke (Canadian/Foreign):: A final product, often called a "waste product", of the petroleum refining process, which is the output of the refinery after all of the distillates and oils have been distilled from crude oil, leaving a product that has the appearance of coal. There are various types, e.g., "sponge", "shot", and "fluid" coke, which are differentiated according to size. Petroleum coke is a residue high in carbon content and low in hydrogen that is the final product of thermal decomposition in the condensation process in cracking. It is typically high in sulfur, low in volatile matter, low in ash and low in moisture. It may be sold as is or further purified by calcining for specialty uses, including anode production. It may also be burned as fuel in various processes, ranging from power plants to cement kilns. Heating value is typically around 40 terajoules per kilotonne.
Refinery fuel gas:: Any un-separated mixture of gases produced in refineries by distillation, cracking, reforming and other processes. The principal constituents are methane, ethane, ethylene, normal butane, butylenes, propane, propylene, etc. Also known as still gas. Still gas is used as a refinery fuel and a petrochemical feedstock.
Coke on catalyst (Catalyst coke):: In many catalytic operations (e.g., catalytic cracking), carbon is deposited on the catalyst, thus deactivating the catalyst. The catalyst is reactivated by burning off the carbon, which is used as a fuel in the refining process. This carbon or coke is not recoverable in a concentrated form.
Bitumen emulsion (Orimulsion):: A thick oil and water emulsion. It is made by mixing bitumen with about 30% water and a small amount of surfactant. Behaves similarly to fuel oil and was developed for industrial use.
Ethane:: A normally gaseous, straight-chain hydrocarbon. A colourless, paraffinic gas extracted from natural gas or refinery gas streams, consisting of molecules composed of two atoms of carbon and six atoms of hydrogen (C2H6). Ethane is used as petrochemical feedstock in production of chemicals and plastics and as a solvent in enhanced oil recovery process.
Butane:: A normally gaseous hydrocarbon. A colourless, paraffinic gas extracted from natural gas or refinery gas streams, consisting of molecules composed of four atoms of carbon and ten atoms of hydrogen (C4H10). Butane is used primarily for blending in high-octane gasoline, for residential and commercial heating, and in the manufacture of chemicals and synthetic rubber.
Naphtha:: A feedstock destined primarily for the petrochemical industry (e.g., ethylene manufacture or aromatics production). Naphtha specialties comprise all finished products within the naphtha boiling range of 70°C to 200°C that are used as paint thinners, cleaners or solvents. Include gas oil used as petrochemical feedstocks.
By-product gas:: A mixture of hydrocarbons and hydrogen produced from chemical processes such as ethane cracking.
Flared gas:: Gas that is being burned as a means of disposal to the environment usually when it contains odorous or toxic components. Flared gas should be reported "as non-energy use".
Other:: Any energy commodity consumed not otherwise identified above. Specify in the space provided along with the unit of measure.

Electricity - self-generated or purchased
Natural gas
Propane
Diesel consumed on site
Light fuel oil
Kerosene and other middle distillates
Heavy fuel oil
Wood and wood waste
Spent pulping liquor
Steam - self-generated or purchased
Coal - Bituminous
Coal - Sub-bituminous
Coal - Anthracite
Coal - Lignite
Coal coke
Coal tar
Light coal oil
Coke oven gas
Petroleum coke
Refinery fuel gas
By-product gas
Coke on catalyst
Bitumen emulsion (orimulsion)
Ethane
Butane
Naphtha
Flared gas
Refuse - Specify the type of refuse consumed:
Other - Specify other energy consumed not listed:

Electricity consumed

4. What unit of measure will you use to report electricity?

Unit of Measure

Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilowatt-hour (kWh)
Megawatt-hour (MWh)
Million Btu (MBtu)

5. What was the quantity of self-generated and purchased electricity consumed as fuel?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Electricity:

A form of energy generated by friction, induction or chemical change that is caused by the presence and motion of elementary-charged particles. The electricity that is consumed can either be received by the establishment (purchased) or produced by the establishment (self-generated).

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the plant consumed self-generated electricity, please ensure you reported the total amount of electricity that was generated in question 1.
If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

What was the quantity of self-generated and purchased electricity consumed as fuel?
	Quantity of self-generated electricity consumed	Quantity of purchased electricity consumed
As fuel for the production process

Natural gas consumed

6. What unit of measure will you use to report natural gas?

Unit of Measure

100 cubic feet (Ccf)
Cubic foot (ft3)
Cubic metre (m3)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Litre (L)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

7. What was the quantity of natural gas consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Natural gas:

A mixture of hydrocarbons, comprised principally of methane (CH4), originating in the gaseous phase or in solution with crude oil in porous geologic formations beneath the earth's surface.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

The quantity of the energy commodity used in the production of steam that is delivered to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding. Energy used to produce steam which is used internally by your plant is reported consumed "as fuel".

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

The quantity of the energy commodity used for other purposes than as fuel in the plant production process or to produce electricity or steam. Some examples of natural gas used for non-energy use are:

used as a reducing agent to produce direct reduced iron (DRI)
used as feed to produce hydrogen and ammonia.

What was the quantity of natural gas consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Propane consumed

8. What unit of measure will you use to report propane?

Unit of Measure

33-Pound cylinder
Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Litre (L)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

9. What was the quantity of propane consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Propane:

A gaseous, straight-chained hydrocarbon. A colourless, paraffinic gas extracted from natural gas or refinery gas streams, consisting of molecules composed of three atoms of carbon and eight atoms of hydrogen (C3H8). Used primarily in residential and commercial heating and cooling, as transportation fuel and petrochemical feedstock.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

The quantity of the energy commodity used for other purposes than as fuel in the plant production process or to produce electricity or steam.

What was the quantity of propane consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Diesel consumed on-site

10. What unit of measure will you use to report diesel?

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Litre (L)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

11. What was the quantity of diesel consumed on-site for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Diesel:

All grades of distillate fuel used for diesel engines, including those with low sulphur content (lower than 0.05%). Exclude diesel used for transportation off the plant site.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

The quantity of the energy commodity used for other purposes than as fuel in the plant production process or to produce electricity or steam.

What was the quantity of diesel consumed on-site for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Light fuel oil consumed

12. What unit of measure will you use to report light fuel oil?

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Litre (L)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

13. What was the quantity of light fuel oil consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Light fuel oil:

A light petroleum distillate used for power burners. Include fuel oil no. 2, fuel oil no. 3, furnace fuel oil, gas oils and light industrial fuel.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

The quantity of the energy commodity used for other purposes than as fuel in the plant production process or to produce electricity or steam.

What was the quantity of light fuel oil consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity

Kerosene and other distillates consumed

14. What unit of measure will you use to report kerosene and other middle distillates?

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Litre (L)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

15. What was the quantity of kerosene and other middle distillates consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Kerosene and other middle distillates:

Include kerosene (a light petroleum distillate that is used in space heaters, cook stoves and water heaters, and is suitable for use as a light source when burned in wick-fed lamps; also known as stove oil), fuel oil no. 1 and mineral lamp oil. Exclude gasoline.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

The quantity of the energy commodity used for other purposes than as fuel in the plant production process or to produce electricity or steam

What was the quantity of kerosene and other middle distillates consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity

Heavy fuel oil consumed

16. What unit of measure will you use to report heavy fuel oil?

Unit of Measure

Barrel (Bbl)
Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Litre (L)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

17. What was the quantity of imported and Canadian heavy fuel oil consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Heavy fuel oil (Canadian/Foreign):

All grades of residual type fuels, including those with low sulphur content. Usually used for steam and electric power generation, and diesel motors. Include heavy fuel oil nos. 4, 5, 6 and bunker C.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

The quantity of the energy commodity used for other purposes than as fuel in the plant production process or to produce electricity or steam.

What was the quantity of imported and Canadian heavy fuel oil consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity of imported heavy fuel oil consumed	Quantity of Canadian heavy fuel oil consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Wood and wood waste consumed

18. What unit of measure will you use to report wood and wood waste?

Unit of Measure

Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)

19. What was the quantity of wood and wood waste consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Wood and wood waste:

Wood and wood energy used as fuel, including round wood (cord wood), lignin, wood scraps from furniture and window frame manufacturing, wood chips, bark, sawdust, shavings, lumber rejects, forest residues, charcoal and pulp waste from the operation of pulp mills, sawmills and plywood mills.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

What was the quantity of wood and wood waste consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity

Spent pulping liquor consumed

20. What unit of measure will you use to report spent pulping liquor?

Unit of Measure

Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)

21. What was the quantity of spent pulping liquor consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Spent pulping liquor (Black liquor):

A recycled by-product formed during the pulping of wood in the paper-making process. It is primarily made up of lignin and other wood constituents, and chemicals that are by-products of the manufacture of chemical pulp. It is burned as fuel or in a recovery boiler which produces steam which can be used to produce electricity.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

What was the quantity of spent pulping liquor consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity

Steam consumed

22. What unit of measure will you use to report steam?

Unit of Measure

Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)

23. What was the quantity of self-generated and purchased steam consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Steam:: A gas resulting from the vaporization of a liquid or the sublimation of a solid, generated by condensing or non condensing turbines. The steam that is consumed can either be produced by the establishment (self-generated) or received by the establishment (purchased). Report purchased or self-generated steam used as fuel for the production process, used to produce electricity and used for a non-energy use (such as atomization or as feed in process application). However, steam consumed as a motive force to move liquid and gas streams, or steam used to moisturize feed for another process should not be reported.
Special note:: The consumption of fuels used to generate steam for use within the establishment (self-generated steam) should be reported under "as fuel" for those fuels. For example, if 100 cubic metres of heavy fuel oil was used to produce self-generated steam, the consumption of 100 cubic metres should be included under "as fuel" for heavy fuel oil.

What was the quantity of self-generated and purchased steam consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity of self-generated steam consumed	Quantity of purchased steam consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Bituminous coal consumed

24. What unit of measure will you use to report bituminous coal?

Unit of Measure

Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)

25. What was the quantity of imported and Canadian bituminous coal consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Bituminous coal (Canadian/Foreign):

A dense, black coal, often with well-defined bands of bright and dull material with a moisture content usually less than 20%. It has a higher heating value and higher volatile matter and ash content than sub-bituminous coal; the heating value of bituminous coal typically ranges from 23.3 to 30.2 terajoules per kilotonne. Used in making coke, in steam and electricity production, as well as in the production of steel. Metallurgical coal is typically bituminous coal.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

The quantity of the energy commodity used for other purposes than as fuel in the plant production process or to produce electricity or steam. For example, anthracite used for non-energy use are used as feed (as a reducing agent) to produce ferrosilicon and silicon metal.

What was the quantity of imported and Canadian bituminous coal consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity of imported bituminous coal consumed	Quantity of Canadian bituminous coal consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Sub-bituminous coal consumed

26. What unit of measure will you use to report sub-bituminous coal?

Unit of Measure

Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)

27. What was the quantity of imported and Canadian sub-bituminous coal consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Sub-bituminous coal (Canadian/Foreign):

A black coal used primarily for thermal generation. It has a high moisture content, between 15% and 40% by weight. Its sulphur content is typically quite low; its ash content is also usually low, but volatile matter is usually high and can exceed 40% of the weight. Heating value varies from 16.3 terajoules per kilotonne to slightly over 20.9 terajoules per kilotonne.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of imported and Canadian sub-bituminous coal consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity of imported sub-bituminous coal consumed	Quantity of Canadian sub-bituminous coal consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Imported anthracite coal consumed

28. What unit of measure will you use to report imported anthracite coal?

Unit of Measure

Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)

29. What was the quantity of imported anthracite coal consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Anthracite:

A hard, black, lustrous coal containing a high percentage of fixed carbon, a low percentage of volatile matter, little moisture content, low sulfur, low ash and a high heating value at or above 27.7 terajoules per kilotonne that burns with a nearly smokeless flame. Generally used in the production of steel.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of imported anthracite coal consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Canadian lignite coal consumed

30. What unit of measure will you use to report Canadian lignite coal?

Unit of Measure

Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)

31. What was the quantity of Canadian lignite coal consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Lignite:

Low-rank, brown coals which are distinctly brown and woody or claylike in appearance, and which contain relatively high moisture contents (between 30% and 70% of the fuel by weight). Used almost exclusively for electric power generation.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of Canadian lignite coal consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Coal coke consumed

32. What unit of measure will you use to report coal coke?

Unit of Measure

Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)

33. What was the quantity of imported and Canadian coal coke consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Coal coke (Canadian/Foreign):

A hard, porous product made from the carbonization (baking) of bituminous coal in ovens in substoichiometric atmosphere at high temperatures to the extent that the volatile matter of the coal is released and the coal passes through a "plastic stage" to become metallurgical coke. Often used as a fuel and a carbon input (reducing agent) in smelting iron ore in an integrated steel mill (blast furnace). Coke breeze and foundry coke are included in this category.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of imported and Canadian coal coke consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity of imported coal coke consumed	Quantity of Canadian coal coke consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Coal tar consumed

34. What unit of measure will you use to report coal tar?

Unit of Measure

Barrel (Bbl)
Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Litre (L)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

35. What was the quantity of coal tar consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Coal tar:

Organic material separated from coke oven gas evolved during coking operations (a black and viscous liquid). Include pyridine, tar acids, naphthalene, creosote oil and coal pitch.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of coal tar consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Light coal oil consumed

36. What unit of measure will you use to report light coal oil?

Unit of Measure

Barrel (Bbl)
Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Litre (L)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

37. What was the quantity of light coal oil consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Light coal oil:

Condensable products (primarily benzene, toluene, xylene and solvent naphtha) obtained during distillation of the coke oven gas, following removal of the coal tar.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of light coal oil consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Coke oven gas consumed

38. What unit of measure will you use to report coke oven gas?

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Litre (L)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

39. What was the quantity of coke oven gas consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Coke oven gas:

Obtained as a by-product of solid fuel carbonization and gasification operations carried out by coke producers and iron and steel plants.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of coke oven gas consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Petroleum coke consumed

40. What unit of measure will you use to report petroleum coke?

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Litre (L)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

41. What was the quantity of imported and Canadian petroleum coke consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Petroleum coke (Canadian/Foreign):

A final product, often called a "waste product", of the petroleum refining process, which is the output of the refinery after all of the distillates and oils have been distilled from crude oil, leaving a product that has the appearance of coal. There are various types, e.g., "sponge", "shot", and "fluid" coke, which are differentiated according to size. Petroleum coke is a residue high in carbon content and low in hydrogen that is the final product of thermal decomposition in the condensation process in cracking. It is typically high in sulfur, low in volatile matter, low in ash and low in moisture. It may be sold as is or further purified by calcining for specialty uses, including anode production. It may also be burned as fuel in various processes, ranging from power plants to cement kilns. Heating value is typically around 40 terajoules per kilotonne.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of imported and Canadian petroleum coke consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity of imported petroleum coke consumed	Quantity of Canadian petroleum coke consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Refinery fuel gas consumed

42. What unit of measure will you use to report refinery fuel gas?

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Litre (L)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

43. What was the quantity of refinery fuel gas consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Refinery fuel gas:

Any un-separated mixture of gases produced in refineries by distillation, cracking, reforming and other processes. The principal constituents are methane, ethane, ethylene, normal butane, butylenes, propane, propylene, etc. Also known as still gas. Still gas is used as a refinery fuel and a petrochemical feedstock.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

What was the quantity of refinery fuel gas consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity

By-product gas consumed

44. What was the quantity of by-product gas consumed as fuel?

e.g., for the production process, heating, on-site transportation, to produce steam for own use

By-product gas:

A mixture of hydrocarbons and hydrogen produced from chemical processes such as ethane cracking.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Quantity consumed

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

Coke on catalyst consumed

45. What unit of measure will you use to report coke on catalyst?

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Litre (L)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

46. What was the quantity of coke on catalyst consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Coke on catalyst (Catalyst coke):

In many catalytic operations (e.g., catalytic cracking), carbon is deposited on the catalyst, thus deactivating the catalyst. The catalyst is reactivated by burning off the carbon, which is used as a fuel in the refining process. This carbon or coke is not recoverable in a concentrated form.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of coke on catalyst consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Bitumen emulsion (orimulsion) consumed

47. What unit of measure will you use to report bitumen emulsion (orimulsion)?

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Litre (L)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

48. What was the quantity of bitumen emulsion (orimulsion) consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Bitumen emulsion (Orimulsion):

A thick oil and water emulsion. It is made by mixing bitumen with about 30% water and a small amount of surfactant. Behaves similarly to fuel oil and was developed for industrial use.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of bitumen emulsion (orimulsion) consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Ethane consumed

49. What unit of measure will you use to report ethane?

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Litre (L)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

50. What was the quantity of ethane consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Ethane:

A normally gaseous, straight-chain hydrocarbon. A colourless, paraffinic gas extracted from natural gas or refinery gas streams, consisting of molecules composed of two atoms of carbon and six atoms of hydrogen (C2H6). Ethane is used as petrochemical feedstock in production of chemicals and plastics and as a solvent in enhanced oil recovery process.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of ethane consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
For non-energy use

Butane consumed

51. What unit of measure will you use to report butane?

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Litre (L)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

52. What was the quantity of butane consumed for each of the following purposes?

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Butane:

A normally gaseous hydrocarbon. A colourless, paraffinic gas extracted from natural gas or refinery gas streams, consisting of molecules composed of four atoms of carbon and ten atoms of hydrogen (C4H10). Butane is used primarily for blending in high-octane gasoline, for residential and commercial heating, and in the manufacture of chemicals and synthetic rubber.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of butane consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
For non-energy use

Naphtha consumed

53. What was the quantity of naphtha consumed for non-energy use?

e.g., atomization, as feed to produce other products, as a reducing agent or used in gasoline blends

Naphtha:: A feedstock destined primarily for the petrochemical industry (e.g., ethylene manufacture or aromatics production). Naphtha specialties comprise all finished products within the naphtha boiling range of 70°C to 200°C that are used as paint thinners, cleaners or solvents.
Amount consumed for non-energy use:: The quantity of the energy commodity used for other purposes than as fuel in the plant production process or to produce electricity or steam. For example, anthracite used for non-energy use are used as feed (as a reducing agent) to produce ferrosilicon and silicon metal.

Quantity consumed

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Litre (L)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

Flared gas consumed

54. What was the quantity of flared gas consumed for non-energy use?

e.g., atomization, as feed to produce other products, as a reducing agent or used in gasoline blends

Flared gas:: Gas that is being burned as a means of disposal to the environment usually when it contains odorous or toxic components. Flared gas should be reported "as non-energy use".
Amount consumed for non-energy use:: The quantity of the energy commodity used for other purposes than as fuel in the plant production process or to produce electricity or steam. For example, anthracite used for non-energy use are used as feed (as a reducing agent) to produce ferrosilicon and silicon metal.

Quantity consumed

Unit of Measure

Cubic metre (m3)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

Refuse consumed

55. What unit of measure will you use to report the type of refuse?

i.e., the refuse you specified in Question 3

Unit of Measure

100 cubic feet (Ccf)
Barrel (Bbl)
Cubic foot (ft3)
Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Litre (L)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

56. What was the quantity of the type of refuse consumed for each of the following purposes?

i.e., the refuse you specified in Question 3.

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Refuse:

Solid or liquid waste materials used as a combustible energy source. Include the burning of wastepaper, packing materials, garbage and other industrial, agricultural and urban refuse. It is often used to generate electricity. Please specify type.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

The quantity of the energy commodity used for other purposes than as fuel in the plant production process or to produce electricity or steam.

What was the quantity of the type of refuse consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Other energy consumed

57. What unit of measure will you use to report the other energy ?

i.e., the other energy you specified in Question 3.

Unit of Measure

100 cubic feet (Ccf)
33-Pound cylinder
Barrel (Bbl)
Cubic foot (ft3)
Cubic metre (m3)
Imperial gallon (imp. gal.)
U.S. gallon (U.S. gal)
Gigajoule (GJ)
Kilogram (kg)
Litre (L)
Long ton (LT)
Metric tonne (MT)
Million Btu (MBtu)
Pound (lb)
Short ton (ST)
Thousands of cubic metres (000m3)

58. What was the quantity of the other energy consumed for each of the following purposes?

i.e., the other energy you specified Question 3.

Use the unit of measure you selected in the question above.

Other:

Any energy commodity consumed not otherwise identified on the questionnaire. Include gasoline used on site but exclude gasoline used for transportation off the plant site. Specify in the space provided along with the unit of measure.

Amount consumed as fuel:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to:

power production processes, heating, on-site transportation
produce steam for own use (e.g., steam which is then used to heat the plant, to generate electricity or for non-energy use).

Note: If the energy commodity was used to produce steam for own use, please also respond to the consumption of self-generated steam question.

Amount consumed to produce steam for sale:

Amount consumed to produce electricity:

The quantity of the energy commodity used to generate electricity either for the plant's own use or for delivery to another establishment, as per a sales contract or other understanding.

Amount consumed for non-energy use:

What was the quantity of the other energy consumed for each of the following purposes?
	Quantity consumed
As fuel for the production process
To produce steam for sale or transfer to another business
To produce electricity
For non-energy use

Steam sales

59. Did this business produce steam to sell or transfer to others?

60. What was the quantity of steam sold or transferred to other businesses in the industries below?

Report in gigajoules.

Steam sales: Please report the amount of steam sold or transferred to another plant in Gigajoules (GJ).

What was the quantity of steam sold or transferred to other businesses in the industries below?
	Quantity in gigajoules
Residential
Agriculture
Paper manufacturing
Chemical manufacturing
All other manufacturing
Public administration
Commercial and institutional
Total

Changes or events

61. Indicate any changes or events that affected the reported changes in your energy consumption for this business or organization, compared with the last reporting period.

Select all that apply.

Reasons for changes in energy consumption: This section aims to reduce the necessity for further inquiries. Statistics Canada compares responses to this questionnaire with those from previous years. Please indicate the reasons that best describe significant changes in your energy consumption from the previous year along with an explanation.

Fuel switch - Specify the fuel switch:
Fuel price changes - Specify the fuel price changes:
Technology changes - Specify the technology changes:
Process changes - Specify the process changes:
Awareness of energy efficiency - Specify the awareness of energy efficiency:
New contract or loss of contract - Specify the new contract or loss of contract:
Plant expansion or contraction - Specify the plant expansion or contraction:
Change in product line - Specify the change in product line:
Other - Specify the other changes or events:
No changes or events

Contact person

1. Statistics Canada may need to contact the person who completed this questionnaire for further information.

Is the Provided Given Name, Provided Family Name the best person to contact?

Who is the best person to contact about this questionnaire?

First name
Last name
Title
Email address
Telephone number (including area code)
Extension number (if applicable)
The maximum number of characters is 5.
Fax number (including area code)

Feedback

1. How long did it take to complete this questionnaire?

Include the time spent gathering the necessary information.

Hours
Minutes

2. Do you have any comments about this questionnaire?

CVs for operating revenue - Specialized design services - 2019

CVs for operating revenue - Specialized design services - 2019
Table summary
This table displays the results of CVs for operating revenue - Specialized design services. The information is grouped by Regions (appearing as row headers), CVs for operating revenue, calculated using percent units of measure (appearing as column headers).
Geography	CVs for operating revenue
Geography	percent
Canada	0.02
Newfoundland and Labrador	0.00
Prince Edward Island	0.00
Nova Scotia	0.03
New Brunswick	0.02
Quebec	0.03
Ontario	0.02
Manitoba	0.02
Saskatchewan	0.02
Alberta	0.03
British Columbia	0.04
Yukon	0.00
Northwest Territories	0.00
Nunavut	0.00

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Date modified:: 2025-04-11

Canadian Statistics Advisory Council 2020 Annual Report: General Summary - Towards a Stronger National Statistical System

Why and how we produce statistics in Canada

The need for statistics

The vital role of Statistics Canada

Evolving statistics for the changing needs of Canadians

The need to change how data are collected and made available

The need for Statistics Canada to play a leadership role

Steps to improve Canada’s statistical system

Our recommendations

The role of the Canadian Statistics Advisory Council

About CSAC

About our first report

Advisory Council on Ethics and Modernization of Microdata Access - Meeting minutes for October 8, 2020

Date and location

Members

Guests

Statistics Canada guests/support

1. Introductions and opening remarks

2. Expert panel: Maximizing policy impact through data sharing and collaboration: the foundation

Presentation by David Green, University of British Columbia

Presentation by Chantal Guay, Standards Council of Canada

Presentation by Alain Beaudoin, Privy Council Office

Panel discussion: Q&A discussion period

Question 1: We talk about a secure and successful data sharing model. What would improve partnership/collaboration, especially in this COVID-19 environment?

Question 2: What challenges do you foresee in regards to data sharing and collaboration across jurisdictions? How could those challenges be overcome? How do we gain public confidence with respect to data?

3. New data sources and methods, and inherent ethical questions

5. Closing remarks

Advisory Council action items

Advisory Council on Ethics and Modernization of Microdata Access - Meeting minutes for February 18, 2020

Date and location

Members

Guests

Statistics Canada guests/support

1. Introductions and opening remarks

2. Statistics Canada and ethics: Progressing on a new landscape

3. Modernization of access to microdata

4. Access to health microdata files

5. Ensuring success of Council and next steps

6. Closing remarks

Advisory Council action items

Video - Geoprocessing Tools (Part 2)

Travel Arrangement Services: CVs for operating revenue - 2019

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Monthly spending on Internet access services

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