Why do we conduct this survey?

This survey collects financial and operational data from the Canadian Level lll air carriers needed to measure the growth, the performance and the long-term financial position of the airline industry. The information is also used by Statistics Canada as input to the Canadian System of National Accounts and by individual carriers for measuring company performance relative to groups of competitors.

Your information may also be used by Statistics Canada for other statistical and research purposes.

Your participation in this survey is required under the authority of the Statistics Act.

Other important information

Authorization to collect this information

Data are collected under the authority of the Statistics Act, Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, Chapter S-19.

Confidentiality

By law, Statistics Canada is prohibited from releasing any information it collects that could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent, or as permitted by the Statistics Act. Statistics Canada will use the information from this survey for statistical purposes only.

Record linkages

To enhance the data from this survey and to reduce the reporting burden, Statistics Canada may combine the acquired data with information from other surveys or from administrative sources.

Data-sharing agreements

To reduce respondent burden, Statistics Canada has entered into data-sharing agreements under Section 12 of the Statistics Act with Natural Resources Canada, Transport Canada and the Canadian Transportation Agency. Statistics Canada will only share data from this survey with those organizations that have demonstrated a requirement to use the data.

Under Section 12 of the Statistics Act, respondents can object to the sharing of information with other organizations. However, respondents do not have the right of refusal with respect to sharing the data with Transport Canada. Transport Canada has the legislative authority to collect and use this information pursuant to the Canada Transportation Act (CTA) and the Transportation Information Regulations.

Respondents may refuse to share their information with Natural Resources Canada and the Canadian Transportation Agency by writing a letter of objection to the Chief Statistician, and mailing it to the following address. These organizations have agreed to keep the data confidential and use them only for statistical purposes.

Chief Statistician of Canada
Statistics Canada
Attention of Director, Enterprise Statistics Division
150 Tunney's Pasture Driveway
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0T6

You may also contact us by email at statcan.esd-helpdesk-dse-bureaudedepannage.statcan@canada.ca or by fax at 613-951-6583.

Business or organization and contact information

1. Verify or provide the business or organization's legal and operating name and correct where needed.

Note: Legal name modifications should only be done to correct a spelling error or typo.

Legal Name

The legal name is one recognized by law, thus it is the name liable for pursuit or for debts incurred by the business or organization. In the case of a corporation, it is the legal name as fixed by its charter or the statute by which the corporation was created.

Modifications to the legal name should only be done to correct a spelling error or typo.

To indicate a legal name of another legal entity you should instead indicate it in question 3 by selecting 'Not currently operational' and then choosing the applicable reason and providing the legal name of this other entity along with any other requested information.

Operating Name

The operating name is a name the business or organization is commonly known as if different from its legal name. The operating name is synonymous with trade name.

  • Legal name:
  • Operating name (if applicable):

2. Verify or provide the contact information of the designated business or organization contact person for this questionnaire and correct where needed.

Note: The designated contact person is the person who should receive this questionnaire. The designated contact person may not always be the one who actually completes the questionnaire.

  • First name:
  • Last name:
  • Title:
  • Preferred language of communication:
    • English
    • French
  • Mailing address (number and street):
  • City:
  • Province, territory or state:
  • Postal code or ZIP code:
  • Country:
    • Canada
    • United States
  • Email address:
  • Telephone number (including area code):
  • Extension number (if applicable):
    The maximum number of characters is 10.
  • Fax number (including area code):

3. Verify or provide the current operational status of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

  • Operational
  • Not currently operational
    Why is this business or organization not currently operational?
    • Seasonal operations
      • When did this business or organization close for the season?
        • Date
      • When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?
        • Date
    • Ceased operations
      • When did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Date
      • Why did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Bankruptcy
        • Liquidation
        • Dissolution
        • Other - Specify the other reasons for ceased operations
    • Sold operations
      • When was this business or organization sold?
        • Date
      • What is the legal name of the buyer?
    • Amalgamated with other businesses or organizations
      • When did this business or organization amalgamate?
        • Date
      • What is the legal name of the resulting or continuing business or organization?
      • What are the legal names of the other amalgamated businesses or organizations?
    • Temporarily inactive but will re-open
      • When did this business or organization become temporarily inactive?
        • Date
      • When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?
        • Date
      • Why is this business or organization temporarily inactive?
    • No longer operating due to other reasons
      • When did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Date
      • Why did this business or organization cease operations?

4. Verify or provide the current main activity of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

Note: The described activity was assigned using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

This question verifies the business or organization's current main activity as classified by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is an industry classification system developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States. Created against the background of the North American Free Trade Agreement, it is designed to provide common definitions of the industrial structure of the three countries and a common statistical framework to facilitate the analysis of the three economies. NAICS is based on supply-side or production-oriented principles, to ensure that industrial data, classified to NAICS , are suitable for the analysis of production-related issues such as industrial performance.

The target entity for which NAICS is designed are businesses and other organizations engaged in the production of goods and services. They include farms, incorporated and unincorporated businesses and government business enterprises. They also include government institutions and agencies engaged in the production of marketed and non-marketed services, as well as organizations such as professional associations and unions and charitable or non-profit organizations and the employees of households.

The associated NAICS should reflect those activities conducted by the business or organizational units targeted by this questionnaire only, as identified in the 'Answering this questionnaire' section and which can be identified by the specified legal and operating name. The main activity is the activity which most defines the targeted business or organization's main purpose or reason for existence. For a business or organization that is for-profit, it is normally the activity that generates the majority of the revenue for the entity.

The NAICS classification contains a limited number of activity classifications; the associated classification might be applicable for this business or organization even if it is not exactly how you would describe this business or organization's main activity.

Please note that any modifications to the main activity through your response to this question might not necessarily be reflected prior to the transmitting of subsequent questionnaires and as a result they may not contain this updated information.

The following is the detailed description including any applicable examples or exclusions for the classification currently associated with this business or organization.

Description and examples

  • This is the current main activity
  • This is not the current main activity
    Provide a brief but precise description of this business or organization's main activity:
    e.g., breakfast cereal manufacturing, shoe store, software development

Main activity

5. You indicated that is not the current main activity. Was this business or organization's main activity ever classified as: ?

  • Yes
    When did the main activity change?
    Date:
  • No

6. Search and select the industry classification code that best corresponds to this business or organization's main activity.

Select this business or organization's activity sector (optional)

  • Farming or logging operation
  • Construction company or general contractor
  • Manufacturer
  • Wholesaler
  • Retailer
  • Provider of passenger or freight transportation
  • Provider of investment, savings or insurance products
  • Real estate agency, real estate brokerage or leasing company
  • Provider of professional, scientific or technical services
  • Provider of health care or social services
  • Restaurant, bar, hotel, motel or other lodging establishment
  • Other sector

7. You have indicated that the current main activity of this business or organization is: Main activity. Are there any other activities that contribute significantly (at least 10%) to this business or organization's revenue?

  • Yes, there are other activities
    Provide a brief but precise description of this business or organization's secondary activity:
    e.g., breakfast cereal manufacturing, shoe store, software development
  • No, that is the only significant activity

8. Approximately what percentage of this business or organization's revenue is generated by each of the following activities?

When precise figures are not available, provide your best estimates.

Approximately what percentage of this business or organization's revenue is generated by each of the following activities?
  Percentage of revenue
Main activity  
Secondary activity  
All other activities  
Total percentage  

Reporting period information

1. What are the start and end dates of this business's or organization's most recently completed fiscal year?

For this survey, the end date should fall between April 1, 2020and March 31, 2021.

Here are twelve common fiscal periods that fall within the targeted dates:

  • May 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020
  • June 1, 2019 to May 31, 2020
  • July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020
  • August 1, 2019 to July 31, 2020
  • September 1, 2019 to August 31, 2020
  • October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020
  • November 1, 2019 to October 31, 2020
  • December 1, 2019 to November 30, 2020
  • January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020
  • February 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021
  • March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021
  • April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021.

Here are other examples of fiscal periods that fall within the required dates:

  • September 18, 2019 to September 15, 2020 ( e.g., floating year-end)
  • June 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 ( e.g., a newly opened business).

Fiscal year start date:

Fiscal year-end date:

2. What is the reason the reporting period does not cover a full year?

Select all that apply.

  • Seasonal operations
  • New business
  • Change of ownership
  • Temporarily inactive
  • Change of fiscal year
  • Ceased operations
  • Other
    Specify reason the reporting period does not cover a full year:

Balance Sheet, Annual - Statement 20 (II, III)

1. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were this business's assets and liabilities?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Financial assets

Current assets

Include:

  • cash, bank balances (including deposits in transit, special deposits for the payments of debts, and so on) and short-term investments due within one year from the date of the balance sheet;
  • current accounts and notes receivable as well as other current assets such as inventories, charges to subscribers on transportation contracts, interests and dividends receivable, and so on.

All other financial assets – (Include investments and special funds.)

Include investments in associated companies, other investments such as investments in stocks, bonds, and so on, and special funds such as equipment purchase funds, funds set aside for such special purposes as contractual deposits, pension funds, self-insurance funds, and so on.

Property and equipment

Operating - property and equipment – (Include capital leases.)

Include:

  • ground property and equipment (including flight equipment) owned and/or under capital leases;
  • the cost of aircraft (airframes), aircraft engines, propellers, components (aircraft communication and navigational equipment) and spare parts that have been purchased outright;
  • the cost of non-airborne communication and meteorological equipment, ramp equipment, maintenance and engineering equipment, surface transport vehicles and equipment, furniture, fixtures and office equipment, buildings and land as well as miscellaneous ground equipment such as medical equipment, airport and lighting equipment, passenger service equipment, hotel, restaurant and food service equipment, storage and distribution equipment. Property and equipment under capital leases includes the cost of property and equipment under a capital or finance lease, in other words, a lease for a period considered to be the whole or nearly the whole life of the property or equipment.

Accumulated depreciation and amortization - property and equipment

Include:

  • accumulated depreciation and amortization of ground property and equipment (including flight equipment) owned and/or under capital leases;
  • accrued charges representing losses, not replaced by current repairs, occurring in physical property and suffered through current lessening of service value due to wear and tear from use and the action of time and the elements; and losses occurring through obsolescence, supersession, new technological developments, changes in popular demand and the requirements of public authority.

Non-operating property and equipment – (Include capital leases.)

Include the cost of all non-operating property and equipment, in other words, all property and equipment not included in the "operating" category above.

Accumulated depreciation and amortization - non-operating property and equipment

Include accumulated depreciation and amortization of the non-operating property and equipment.

All other assets

Include long-term prepayments, developmental and pre-operating costs such as the cost of extraordinary training, unamortized discounts and expenses on the issue of long-term debt securities, property acquisition adjustments, other intangibles such as payments made for patents, copyrights, and so on, and other deferred charges.

Total assets

The sum of the assets above less the accumulated depreciation and amortization.

Liabilities and capital

Current liabilities

Include:

  • current accounts and traffic balances payable, including balances subject to current settlement and payable to associated companies and/or shareholders, and notes payable on demand or within one year from the date of the balance sheet;
  • the current portion of long-term debt and the current obligations under capital leases;
  • air traffic liabilities (unearned transportation revenue), which includes the value of passenger tickets sold but not used or refunded as of the date of the balance sheet, and pre-paid amounts for the transportation of baggage, freight and mail for which the transportation has not occurred as of the date of the balance sheet;
  • salaries and wages accrued and unpaid, taxes accrued and unpaid, dividends payable, deposits by subscribers on transportation contracts (air travel plan liabilities, in other words, deposits received under air travel plan contracts) and other current and accrued liabilities.

Advances from associated companies and/or shareholders

Include the net amount from associated companies and/or shareholders for notes, loans or advances which are not currently settled.

Long-term debt and other non-current liabilities – (Include capital leases.)

Include:

  • the face value or principal amount of debt securities (for example, bonds, trust certificates, debentures, notes) issued and assumed by the air carrier and in the hands of others, which is not payable within twelve months of the balance sheet date;
  • long-term obligations under capital leases, which refers to the present value of unexpired contracts for the acquisition of aircraft under such lease arrangements.

Deferred income taxes

Include taxes that will be owed on income, but that have not yet been assessed.

All other liabilities

Include:

  • deferred credits which correspond to unamortized premiums on all classes of long-term debt, and other deferred credits such as securities issued or assumed by the air carrier, and other unadjusted accounts that cannot be cleared as of the date of the balance sheet;
  • provisions for major overhauls such as for flight equipment (in other words, liabilities of uncertain value or timing associated with the complete disassembly and inspection or repair of an aircraft, engine or other component of an aircraft) and other provisions such as liabilities of uncertain value or timing.

Shareholders' equity

Capital stock

Include the equity capital invested in a business through the purchase of various classes of common and preferred shares.

Retained earnings

Include the portion of after-tax profits left over, after dividends have been paid to shareholders, for reinvestment into the company. If this account is negative, then the amount indicated for this item should be shown with a negative (-) sign.

All other items

Include other paid-in capital and reserves. Other paid-in capital or contributed surplus includes the premiums or discounts that have resulted from selling stock, and stock received from donations. Reserves include any reserve fund such as reserve for self-insurance, reserve for pension, reserves against potential future losses, and so on. Also, include proprietorship or partnership accounts (balance year-end).

Total liabilities and capital

The sum of liabilities and capital plus the sum of shareholders' equity which should equal total assets.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were this business's assets and liabilities?
  CAN$ '000
Financial assets  
a. Current assets  
b. All other financial assets
Include investments and special funds.
 
Property and equipment  
a. Operating - property and equipment
Include capital leases.
 
b. Less accumulated depreciation and amortization  
c. Non-operating property and equipment
Include capital leases.
 
d. Less accumulated depreciation and amortization  
e. All other assets  
Total assets  
Liabilities and capital  
a. Current liabilities  
b. Advances from associated companies and/or shareholders  
c. Long-term debt and other non-current liabilities
Include capital leases.
 
d. Deferred incomes taxes  
e. All other liabilities  
Shareholders' equity  
a. Capital stock  
b. Retained earnings  
c. All other items  
Total liabilities and capital  

Statement of Revenues and Expenses, Annual - Statement 21 (III)

1. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were the details of this business's operating revenue?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Scheduled services

Transportation of passengers or goods, or both, by an aircraft provided by an air carrier that operates the air service and that, directly or indirectly, sells some or all of its seats or part or all of its cargo space to the public on a price per seat, price per unit of mass or price per volume of cargo basis.

Charter services

Transportation of passengers or goods, or both, by aircraft pursuant to a contract under which a person, other than the air carrier that operates the air service, or its agent, reserves a block of seats or part of the cargo space of an aircraft for the person's use or for resale to the public.

Include air ambulance service and the movement of people and goods to logging or heli-logging sites.

Exclude firefighting and heli-logging activities and the movement of people and goods to a firefighting site. (A complete list of activities which are specialty and therefore not subject to filing requirements as charter can be found in the Transport Canada document entitled "Starting a Commercial Air Service", TP 8880.)

Passenger revenue

Refers to the revenue earned from the transportation of passengers on scheduled and charter services. Include revenue from all surcharges (baggage, fuel, seat selection, changing or cancelling flights, and so on) that are retained by the air carrier. Exclude amounts such as taxes, navigation fees, security fees, and so on that are collected but passed on to other entities.

Goods revenue

Refers to the revenue earned from the transportation of goods on scheduled and charter services. Exclude taxes such as the Goods and Services Tax (GST), Harmonized Sales Tax (HST) or Provincial Sales Tax (PST).

All other flight-related revenue

Refers to the revenue earned from air transport activities not included in passenger revenue or goods revenue. Include revenue from other flying services such as flying training, recreational flying and other specialty flying.

All other revenue

Include subsidies and revenue earned from all other sources (including contra revenue, revenue of a corporate nature (leasing revenue, third party ground-handling, and so on), ancillary passenger revenue not easily allocated by operating flight (customs brokerage, and so on), revenue from in-flight sales (beverages, food, entertainment and wireless Internet access, and so on)).

Total operating revenue

The sum of passenger revenue, goods revenue, other flight-related revenue and revenue from all other sources.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were the details of this business's operating revenue?
  CAN$ '000
Operating revenue  
a. Scheduled services - passenger revenue
Include revenue from fees such as baggage, fuel, seat selection, etc.
 
b. Scheduled services - goods revenue  
c. Charter services - passenger revenue  
d. Charter services - goods revenue  
e. All other flight - related revenue
Include revenue from flying services such as flying training, recreational flying, etc.
 
f. All other revenue
Include subsidies and revenue earned from all other sources.
 
Total operating revenue  

2. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were the details of this business's operating expenses?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Operating expenses

Maintenance - ground property and equipment

Expenses incurred in the repair and upkeep of ground property and equipment. Include employee wages, salaries and benefits (including employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on), expenses for materials and supplies, purchased repair services and all other related expenses.

Aircraft operations

Expenses incurred directly for the in-flight operation of aircraft or in the holding of aircraft and aircraft personnel in readiness for assignment to an in-flight status.

Include:

  • the wages, salaries and benefits (including employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on and layover expenses such as hotels and meals) for flight crews (pilot, co-pilot, navigator, and so on);
  • expenses for turbo fuel, gasoline and all other fuel and oil consumed such as turbine oil and piston oil (including throughput charges, non-refundable duties and taxes);
  • airport landing fees paid both in Canada and outside of Canada;
  • navigation fees remitted to NAV CANADA or other international suppliers for the provision of air navigation services (air navigation services include aeronautical communication services, aeronautical information services, aeronautical radio navigation services, air traffic control services, aviation weather services, emergency assistance services and flight information services);
  • expenses for insurance against accidental damage to flight equipment while in flight or on the ground and for insurance against liability occurring from the operation of aircraft or, in the case of non-insurance, the resulting expenses for which the carrier is liable;
  • expenses incurred for the rental of aircraft (and crew) from other carriers, such as in chartering, interchange and operating or lease agreements;
  • all other aircraft operation expenses incurred directly for the in-flight operation and related standby time of aircraft.

Maintenance - flight equipment

Expenses incurred in the repair and upkeep of flight equipment. Include employee wages, salaries and benefits (including employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on), expenses for materials and supplies, purchased repair services and all other related expenses.

General administration

Expenses incurred for in-flight service, aircraft and traffic servicing, promotion and sales and general administration.

Include:

  • the wages, salaries and benefits (including employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on and layover expenses such as hotels and meals) paid to cabin crews (flight attendants, and so on), ground personnel, staff engaged in reservations, ticketing, sales and promotional activities and all other employees (including the personnel performing the general and administrative functions of the air carrier);
  • expenses for in-flight service such as passenger food and supplies (in-flight meals, complimentary drinks, and so on and the cost of supplies and personal services furnished to passengers), passenger liability insurance (premiums for passenger liability and accident insurance) and all other in-flight service expenses (including passenger-related expenses incurred due to interrupted flights, including hotels, meals, taxi fares and other expense items, the cost of other services provided to passengers, such as pay, allowances and the cost of passenger service personnel, and all other services provided for the comfort of passengers in transit);
  • expenses for aircraft and traffic servicing purchased from outside suppliers, expenses incurred on the ground for scheduling or preparing aircraft for arrival and takeoff, expenses incurred in enplaning and deplaning passenger and cargo traffic, and expenses involved in servicing and handling individual aircraft and traffic on the ground, in preparing aircraft crews for flight assignment, in controlling the in-flight movements of aircraft and the in-flight expenses of handling all traffic including baggage;
  • all promotion and sales expenses such as passenger and cargo commission expenses (the net commission payable to others for the sale of transportation on the reporting carrier's service less the commission receivable from the reporting carrier's sale of transportation on other carriers' services), advertising and publicity expenses and any related expenses, accommodation costs, agency fees for outside services, expenses associated with reservations, city ticket offices and other sales expenses;
  • general administration expenses such as those for financial accounting activities, supplementary labour income, property taxes, building rentals, communications purchased, purchasing activities, representation at law, and all other operational administration expenses not directly applicable to a particular function that are not included in the previous operating expenses categories;
  • expenses such as incidental air transport-related expenses associated with revenue reported as "all other revenue";
  • staff reduction expenses.

Depreciation

Include:

  • provisions for the depreciation of ground property and equipment (including flight equipment);
  • all charges incurred in normal wear and tear on property and equipment which have not been replaced by current year repair, as well as losses in service ability;
  • charges for the amortization of capitalized development and other intangible assets.

All other expenses

Include any and all miscellaneous operating expenses not reported elsewhere.

Total operating expenses

The sum of the previous six expense items.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were the details of this business's operating expenses?
  CAN$ '000
Operating expenses  
a. Maintenance - ground property and equipment  
b. Aircraft operations  
c. Maintenance - flight equipment  
d. General administration
Include expenses incurred for in-flight service, aircraft and traffic servicing, promotion and sales and general administration.
 
e. Depreciation
Include provisions for the depreciation of ground property and equipment (including flight equipment), etc.
 
f. All other expenses  
Total operating expenses  

Statement of Revenues and Expenses, Annual - Statement 21 (III)

3. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were the details of this business's operating and non-operating income?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Operating income

Net operating income (a loss should be a negative number)

Total operating revenue less total operating expenses - calculated from the previous questions.

Non-operating income/expenses

Interest and discount income

Include interest income from all sources and cash discounts on the purchase of materials and supplies.

Interest expenses

Include interest on unpaid taxes and all classes of debt including premiums, discounts and expenses on short-term obligations, amortization of premiums, discounts and expenses on short-term and long-term obligations.

All other net non-operating income (enter a negative number for a loss)

Include:

  • capital gains (or losses) from retiring operating property and equipment, aircraft equipment, expendable parts, miscellaneous materials and supplies and other assets, when they are sold or otherwise retired from service as part of a general program and not as incidental sales performed as a service to others;
  • gains or losses made on investments in securities;
  • net miscellaneous non-operating income or loss, which refers to revenue and expenses attributable to financing or other activities that are not an integral part of the air transportation activities undertaken by the carrier, or its incidental services. These could include dividend income, the balance of all income or losses from affiliated companies reimbursed to the carrier, foreign exchange adjustments and special items, such as restructuring expenses, which do not occur on a regular basis.

Exclude staff reduction expenses which should be included under all other expenses.

Net non-operating income (a loss should be a negative number)

The sum of the previous three income or expense items.

Provision for income taxes

Include the provision for taxes payable on net income for the accounting period and adjustments of income taxes relating to previous years, including provisions for deferred income taxes resulting from differences between accounting income and taxable income that arise when the time of including items of revenue and expense in the computation of accounting income and taxable income do not coincide. If the net amount is negative, then the amount indicated for this item should be shown with a negative (-) sign.

Net income (a loss should be a negative number)

Net operating income plus net non-operating income less the provision for income taxes.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were the details of this business's operating and non-operating income?
  CAN$ '000
Operating income  
a. Net operating income (a loss should be a negative number)
Calculated from the previous questions as total operating revenue [$ amount] less total operating expenses [$ amount].
 
Non-operating income/expenses  
a. Interest and discount income  
b. Interest expenses  
c. All other net non-operating income (enter a negative number for a loss)  
Net non-operating income (a loss should be a negative number)  
d. Provision for income taxes  
Net income (a loss should be a negative number)  

Statement of Revenues and Expenses, Annual - Statement 21 (III)

4. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the details of this business's fuel consumption.

Fuel and oil consumed

Turbo fuel consumed

Include fuel used in both turboprop and jet aircraft.

Provide the quantity and expenses for turbo fuel consumed. Turbo fuel includes the turbine fuel uplifted for all aircraft in the carrier's fleet. Fuel uplift can be determined based on delivery notes or invoices, aircraft onboard measurement systems or, if the fuel was supplied by a customer, estimated based on hours flown. Report the quantity of turbo fuel consumed in litres.

Include turbo fuel consumed for all scheduled and/or charter operations, regardless of where purchased. The expenses for turbo fuel consumed should be reported in Canadian dollars, regardless of where purchased. Include throughput charges, non-refundable duties and taxes. If the fuel was supplied by a customer, an approximate value may be provided based on prevailing market rates.

Conversion factor

To convert gallons (imperial) into litres (l), multiply by 4.546092.

Gasoline consumed

Provide the quantity and expenses for gasoline consumed. If the gasoline was supplied by a customer, it may be estimated based on hours flown. Report the quantity of gasoline consumed in litres.
Include gasoline consumed for all scheduled and/or charter operations, regardless of where purchased. The expenses for gasoline consumed should be reported in Canadian dollars, regardless of where purchased. Include throughput charges, non-refundable duties and taxes. If the gasoline was supplied by a customer, an approximate value may be provided based on prevailing market rates.

Conversion factor

To convert gallons (imperial) into litres (l), multiply by 4.546092.

All other fuel and oil consumed

Provide the quantity and expenses for all other fuel and oil consumed. Report the quantity of all other fuel and oil consumed in litres.
The quantity should include turbine oil, piston oil and all other types of fuel and oil consumed for all scheduled and/or charter operations, regardless of where purchased. The expenses for all other fuel and oil consumed should be reported in Canadian dollars, regardless of where purchased. Include throughput charges, non-refundable duties and taxes.

Conversion factor

To convert gallons (imperial) into litres (l), multiply by 4.546092.

Total fuel and oil consumed

The sum of the quantities and expenses reported in the previous three items.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the details of this business's fuel consumption.
  Quantity -
Litres (L)
Expenses
CAN$ '000
Fuel and oil consumed    
a. Turbo fuel consumed (litres)
Include fuel used in both turboprop and jet aircraft.
   
b. Gasoline consumed (litres)    
c. All other fuel and oil consumed (litres)    
Total fuel and oil consumed (litres)    

5. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the details of this business's employment.

Average number of employees

Refers to the average number of people employed for each of the six categories of personnel.

Include all employees, temporary or permanent, on the payroll of the air carrier during the reporting period. Include part-time employees, prorated to the amount of time worked when compared to full-time employees (for example, two part-time employees working half-time are equivalent to one full-time employee).

Wages and salaries expenses

Include a breakdown of the wages and salaries paid for each of the six categories of personnel.

Exclude all benefits, in other words, employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on or layover expenses, such as hotels and meals, for flight and cabin crews.

Employment category

Include:

  • Pilots and co-pilots. Self-explanatory;
  • Other flight personnel. Flight crew (including flight engineers, navigators, and so on) and cabin crew (including flight attendants, and so on);
  • General management and administration employees (including the personnel performing the general and administrative functions such as administrative personnel at headquarters, comptrollers and assistants, directors and assistants (operations, passenger service, public relations, sales), and so on);
  • Maintenance personnel (including the personnel performing the ground property and equipment maintenance such as the carpenters, cleaners, and so on and including the personnel performing the flight equipment maintenance such as the aircraft maintenance engineers and the inspectors of flight equipment);
  • Aircraft and traffic servicing personnel (including supervisory personnel, assigned to ground activities, engaged directly in protecting and controlling aircraft in flight (flight dispatch personnel, flight planning staff), in scheduling and preparing flight crews for flight assignment, in parking and servicing aircraft incidental to line operations and including baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and so on);
  • All other employees (including air ambulance attendants, accountants, economists, statisticians, lawyers, purchasing personnel, publicity representatives, and so on).

Total employees

The sum of the number and the wages and salaries expenses for the six categories of personnel.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the details of this business's employment.
  Average number of employees Wages and salaries expenses
CAN$ '000
Employment    
a. Pilots and co-pilots    
b. Other flight personnel
Include flight engineers, navigators, flight attendants, etc.
   
c. General management and administration employees    
d. Maintenance personnel    
e. Aircraft and traffic servicing personnel
Include flight dispatch personnel, flight planning staff, aircraft fuelers, etc.
   
f. All other employees
Include air ambulance attendants, accountants, purchasing personnel, etc.
   
Total employees    

6. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the distribution of this business's revenue and expenses by area of operation.

Revenue and expenses by area of operation

Passenger revenue

Include a breakdown of the revenue earned from the transportation of passengers for each province, territory and outside of Canada based on where the transportation service was provided. Total passenger revenue should equal the sum of passenger revenue from scheduled services and charter services previously reported.

Goods revenue

Include a breakdown of the revenue earned from the transportation of goods for each province, territory and outside of Canada based on where the transportation service was provided. Total goods revenue should equal the sum of goods revenue from scheduled services and charter services previously reported.

Employee wages and salaries

Include a breakdown of employee wages and salaries for each province, territory and outside of Canada based on where the employees are located. Total employee wages and salaries should equal the total wages and salaries expenses reported in the "Employment" section above.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the distribution of this business's revenue and expenses by area of operation.
  Passenger revenue
CAN$ '000
Goods revenue
CAN$ '000
Employee wages and salaries
CAN$ '000
Area of operation      
a. Newfoundland and Labrador      
b. Prince Edward Island      
c. Nova Scotia      
d. New Brunswick      
e. Quebec      
f. Ontario      
g. Manitoba      
h. Saskatchewan      
i. Alberta      
j. British Columbia      
k. Yukon      
l. Northwest Territories      
m. Nunavut      
n. Outside Canada      
Total      

Scheduled Services, Revenue Operating Statistics, Annual - Statement 10 (III)

1. For the calendar year ending in December YYYY, please provide the details of this business's scheduled services by sector of operation.

Scheduled services - operating statistics

Include fixed wing and helicopter services.

Sector of operation

Refers to the regions where carriers provide transportation services. There are three breakdowns - domestic, transborder (Canada-US) and other international.

Domestic

Includes operations between points in Canada.

Transborder (Canada-US)

Includes operations between points in Canada and points in the United States (including Alaska, Hawaii and Puerto Rico).

Other international

Includes all other operations (including between points outside of Canada).

Data reported must include both fixed wing and helicopter services, where:

Fixed wing

Means a power-driven, heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed. An aircraft having wings fixed to the airplane fuselage and outspread in flight - that is non-rotating wings.

Helicopter

Means a rotary wing, heavier-than-air aircraft, supported in flight chiefly by the reactions of the air on one or more power-driven rotors on substantially vertical axes. A helicopter does not have conventional fixed wings, nor is it provided with a conventional propeller for forward thrust.

Scheduled services

Transportation of passengers or goods, or both, by an aircraft provided by an air carrier that operates the air service and that, directly or indirectly, sells some or all of its seats or part or all of its cargo space to the public on a price per seat, price per unit of mass or price per volume of cargo basis.

Enplaned passengers

Refers to revenue passengers1 who board aircraft and surrender one or more flight coupons or other documents good for transportation over the itinerary specified in these coupons or documents.

1 Revenue passengers correspond to passengers for which an air carrier receives remuneration and who are travelling with tickets purchased (a) under a publicly available promotional offer; (b) through a loyalty program or through the redemption of loyalty points or miles; (c) with a corporate discount or at a preferential fare; or obtained (d) as compensation for denied boarding. It excludes (a) passengers travelling for free, at a fare available only to persons who are employees or agents of an air carrier or are travelling on the business of an air carrier; and (b) persons, such as infants, who do not occupy seats.

Passenger-kilometres

Represents the carriage of one revenue passenger on each flight stage multiplied by the number of kilometres flown on that stage. Passenger-kilometres are obtained by totalling the number of kilometres flown by all passengers.

Let's take an example with two flight stages, where:

Flight stage A to B
Number of passengers = 5
Distance between points ( km ) = 161
Passenger-kilometres = 805

Flight stage B to C
Number of passengers = 4
Distance between points ( km ) = 322
Passenger-kilometres = 1,288

The total number of passenger-kilometres for the flights covering A to B and B to C is 2,093.

Conversion factor

To convert nautical miles (6 080 feet) into kilometres (km), multiply by 1.852.
To convert statute miles (5 280 feet) into kilometres (km), multiply by 1.609344.

Hours flown

Represents the block hours, in other words, the number of hours which elapsed between the time the aircraft started to move to commence a flight and the time the aircraft came to its final stop after the conclusion of a flight. Report the total number of block hours flown to the nearest hour.

Enplaned goods

Refers to all types of non-passenger traffic. It includes priority freight, freight, mail and excess baggage for which revenue is obtained. Enplaned goods should be reported to the nearest kilogram.

Conversion factor

To convert pounds (lbs.) into kilograms (kg), multiply by 0.453592.

Goods tonne-kilometres

Represents the carriage of one tonne of goods on each flight stage multiplied by the number of kilometres flown on that stage. Goods tonne-kilometres are obtained by totalling the number of kilometres flown with all tonnes of goods.

Let's take an example with two flight stages, where:

Flight stage A to B
Tonnes of goods = 5
Distance between points ( km ) = 161
Goods tonne-kilometres = 805

Flight stage B to C
Tonnes of goods = 4
Distance between points ( km ) = 322
Goods tonne-kilometres = 1,288

The total number of goods tonne-kilometres for the flights covering A to B and B to C is 2,093.

Conversion factor

To convert nautical miles (6 080 feet) into kilometres (km), multiply by 1.852.
To convert statute miles (5 280 feet) into kilometres (km), multiply by 1.609344.

For the calendar year ending in December 2019, please provide the details of this business's scheduled services by sector of operation.
  Domestic Transborder
(Canada-US)
Other
international
Total
Scheduled services - operating statistics
Include fixed wing and helicopter services.
       
a. Number of enplaned passengers        
b. Number of passenger-kilometres        
c. Number of hours flown        
d. Enplaned goods (kilograms)        
e. Goods tonne-kilometres
(tonne-kilometres)
       

2. For the calendar year ending in December YYYY, what was the distribution by sector of the operating revenue for scheduled services?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Scheduled services - revenue

Include fixed wing and helicopter services.

Passenger revenue

Refers to the revenue earned from the transportation of passengers on scheduled services. Include revenue from all surcharges (baggage, fuel, seat selection, and so on) that are retained by the air carrier. Exclude amounts such as taxes, navigation fees, security fees, and so on that are collected but passed on to other entities.

Goods revenue

Refers to the revenue earned from the transportation of goods on scheduled services. Exclude taxes such as the Goods and Services Tax (GST), Harmonized Sales Tax (HST) or Provincial Sales Tax (PST).

For the calendar year ending in December YYYY, what was the distribution by sector of the operating revenue for scheduled services?
  Domestic CAN$ '000 Transborder
(Canada-US) CAN$ '000
Other
international CAN$ '000
Total
CAN$ '000
Scheduled services - revenue
Include fixed wing and helicopter services.
       
a. Passenger revenue        
b. Goods revenue        

Charter Services, Revenue Operating Statistics, Annual - Statement 12 (III)

1. For the calendar year ending in December YYYY, please provide the details of this business's charter services by sector of operation.

Charter services - operating statistics

Include fixed wing and helicopter services.

Sector of operation

Refers to the regions where carriers provide transportation services. There are three breakdowns - domestic, transborder (Canada-US) and other international.

Domestic

Includes operations between points in Canada.

Transborder (Canada-US)

Includes operations between points in Canada and points in the United States (including Alaska, Hawaii and Puerto Rico).

Other international

Includes all other operations (including between points outside of Canada).

Data reported must include both fixed wing and helicopter services, where:

Fixed wing

Means a power-driven, heavier-than-air aircraft, deriving its lift in flight chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surfaces which remain fixed. An aircraft having wings fixed to the airplane fuselage and outspread in flight - that is non-rotating wings.

Helicopter

Means a rotary wing, heavier-than-air aircraft, supported in flight chiefly by the reactions of the air on one or more power-driven rotors on substantially vertical axes. A helicopter does not have conventional fixed wings, nor is it provided with a conventional propeller for forward thrust.

Charter services

Transportation of passengers or goods, or both, by aircraft pursuant to a contract under which a person, other than the air carrier that operates the air service, or its agent, reserves a block of seats or part of the cargo space of an aircraft for the person's use or for resale to the public.

Include air ambulance service and the movement of people and goods to logging or heli-logging sites.

Exclude firefighting and heli-logging activities and the movement of people and goods to a firefighting site. (A complete list of activities which are specialty and therefore not subject to filing requirements as charter can be found in the Transport Canada document entitled "Starting a Commercial Air Service", TP 8880.)

Enplaned passengers

Refers to revenue passengers1 who board aircraft and surrender one or more flight coupons or other documents good for transportation over the itinerary specified in these coupons or documents.

1 Revenue passengers correspond to passengers for which an air carrier receives remuneration and who are travelling with tickets purchased (a) under a publicly available promotional offer; (b) through a loyalty program or through the redemption of loyalty points or miles; (c) with a corporate discount or at a preferential fare; or obtained (d) as compensation for denied boarding. It excludes (a) passengers travelling for free, at a fare available only to persons who are employees or agents of an air carrier or are travelling on the business of an air carrier; and (b) persons, such as infants, who do not occupy seats.

Passenger-kilometres

Represents the carriage of one revenue passenger on each flight stage multiplied by the number of kilometres flown on that stage. Passenger-kilometres are obtained by totalling the number of kilometres flown by all passengers.

Let's take an example with two flight stages, where:

Flight stage A to B
Number of passengers = 5
Distance between points ( km ) = 161
Passenger-kilometres = 805

Flight stage B to C
Number of passengers = 4
Distance between points ( km ) = 322
Passenger-kilometres = 1,288

The total number of passenger-kilometres for the flights covering A to B and B to C is 2,093.

Conversion factor

To convert nautical miles (6 080 feet) into kilometres (km), multiply by 1.852.
To convert statute miles (5 280 feet) into kilometres (km), multiply by 1.609344.

Hours flown

Represents the block hours, in other words, the number of hours which elapsed between the time the aircraft started to move to commence a flight and the time the aircraft came to its final stop after the conclusion of a flight. Report the total number of block hours flown to the nearest hour.

Enplaned goods

Refers to all types of non-passenger traffic. It includes priority freight, freight, mail and excess baggage for which revenue is obtained. Enplaned goods should be reported to the nearest kilogram.

Conversion factor

To convert pounds (lbs.) into kilograms (kg), multiply by 0.453592.

Goods tonne-kilometres

Represents the carriage of one tonne of goods on each flight stage multiplied by the number of kilometres flown on that stage. Goods tonne-kilometres are obtained by totalling the number of kilometres flown with all tonnes of goods.

Let's take an example with two flight stages, where:

Flight stage A to B
Tonnes of goods = 5
Distance between points ( km ) = 161
Goods tonne-kilometres = 805

Flight stage B to C
Tonnes of goods = 4
Distance between points ( km ) = 322
Goods tonne-kilometres = 1,288

The total number of goods tonne-kilometres for the flights covering A to B and B to C is 2,093.

Conversion factor

To convert nautical miles (6 080 feet) into kilometres (km), multiply by 1.852.
To convert statute miles (5 280 feet) into kilometres (km), multiply by 1.609344.

For the calendar year ending in December YYYY, please provide the details of this business's charter services by sector of operation.
  Domestic Transborder
(Canada-US)
Other
international
Total
Charter services - operating statistics
Include fixed wing and helicopter services.
       
a. Number of enplaned passengers        
b. Number of passenger-kilometres        
c. Number of hours flown        
d. Enplaned goods (kilograms)        
e. Goods tonne-kilometres
(tonne-kilometres)
       

2. For the calendar year ending in December YYYY, what was the distribution by sector of the operating revenue for charter services?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Charter services - revenue

Include fixed wing and helicopter services.

Passenger revenue

Refers to the revenue earned from the transportation of passengers on charter services. Include revenue from all surcharges (baggage, fuel, seat selection, and so on) that are retained by the air carrier. Exclude amounts such as taxes, navigation fees, security fees, and so on that are collected but passed on to other entities.

Goods revenue

Refers to the revenue earned from the transportation of goods on charter services. Exclude taxes such as the Goods and Services Tax (GST), Harmonized Sales Tax (HST) or Provincial Sales Tax (PST).

For the calendar year ending in December YYYY, what was the distribution by sector of the operating revenue for charter services?
  Domestic CAN$ '000 Transborder
(Canada-US) CAN$ '000
Other
international CAN$ '000
Total
CAN$ '000
Charter services - revenue
Include fixed wing and helicopter services.
       
a. Passenger revenue        
b. Goods revenue        

Changes or events

1. Indicate any changes or events that affected the reported values for this business or organization, compared with the last reporting period.

Select all that apply.

  • Strike or lock-out
  • Exchange rate impact
  • Price changes in goods or services sold
  • Contracting out
  • Organizational change
  • Price changes in labour or raw materials
  • Natural disaster
  • Recession
  • Change in product line
  • Sold business or business units
  • Expansion
  • New or lost contract
  • Plant closures
  • Acquisition of business or business units
  • Other
    Specify the other changes or events:
  • No changes or events

Contact person

1. Statistics Canada may need to contact the person who completed this questionnaire for further information. Is [Provided Given Names], [Provided Family Name] the best person to contact?

  • Yes
  • No

Who is the best person to contact about this questionnaire?

  • First name:
  • Last name:
  • Title:
  • Email address:
  • Telephone number (including area code):
  • Extension number (if applicable):
    The maximum number of characters is 5.
  • Fax number (including area code):

Feedback

1. How long did it take to complete this questionnaire?

Include the time spent gathering the necessary information.

  • Hours:
  • Minutes:

2. Do you have any comments about this questionnaire?

Why do we conduct this survey?

This survey collects financial data from the Canadian Level II air carriers needed to measure the growth, the performance and the long-term financial position of the airline industry. The information is also used by Statistics Canada as input to the Canadian System of National Accounts and by individual carriers for measuring company performance relative to groups of competitors.

Your information may also be used by Statistics Canada for other statistical and research purposes.

Your participation in this survey is required under the authority of the Statistics Act.

Other important information

Authorization to collect this information

Data are collected under the authority of the Statistics Act, Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, Chapter S-19.

Confidentiality

By law, Statistics Canada is prohibited from releasing any information it collects that could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent, or as permitted by the Statistics Act. Statistics Canada will use the information from this survey for statistical purposes only.

Record linkages

To enhance the data from this survey and to reduce the reporting burden, Statistics Canada may combine the acquired data with information from other surveys or from administrative sources.

Data-sharing agreements

To reduce respondent burden, Statistics Canada has entered into data-sharing agreements under Section 12 of the Statistics Act with Natural Resources Canada, Transport Canada and the Canadian Transportation Agency. Statistics Canada will only share data from this survey with those organizations that have demonstrated a requirement to use the data.

Under Section 12 of the Statistics Act, respondents can object to the sharing of information with other organizations. However, respondents do not have the right of refusal with respect to sharing the data with Transport Canada. Transport Canada has the legislative authority to collect and use this information pursuant to the Canada Transportation Act (CTA) and the Transportation Information Regulations.

Respondents may refuse to share their information with Natural Resources Canada and the Canadian Transportation Agency by writing a letter of objection to the Chief Statistician, and mailing it to the following address. These organizations have agreed to keep the data confidential and use them only for statistical purposes.

Chief Statistician of Canada
Statistics Canada
Attention of Director, Enterprise Statistics Division
150 Tunney's Pasture Driveway
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0T6

You may also contact us by email at statcan.esd-helpdesk-dse-bureaudedepannage.statcan@canada.ca or by fax at 613-951-6583.

Business or organization and contact information

1. Verify or provide the business or organization's legal and operating name and correct where needed.

Note: Legal name modifications should only be done to correct a spelling error or typo.

Legal Name
The legal name is one recognized by law, thus it is the name liable for pursuit or for debts incurred by the business or organization. In the case of a corporation, it is the legal name as fixed by its charter or the statute by which the corporation was created.

Modifications to the legal name should only be done to correct a spelling error or typo.

To indicate a legal name of another legal entity you should instead indicate it in question 3 by selecting 'Not currently operational' and then choosing the applicable reason and providing the legal name of this other entity along with any other requested information.

Operating Name
The operating name is a name the business or organization is commonly known as if different from its legal name. The operating name is synonymous with trade name.

Legal name:

Operating name (if applicable):

2. Verify or provide the contact information of the designated business or organization contact person for this questionnaire and correct where needed.

Note: The designated contact person is the person who should receive this questionnaire. The designated contact person may not always be the one who actually completes the questionnaire.

First name:

Last name:

Title:

Preferred language of communication:

  • English
  • French

Mailing address (number and street):

City:

Province, territory or state:

Postal code or ZIP code:

Country:

  • Canada
  • United States

Email address:

Telephone number (including area code):

Extension number (if applicable):
The maximum number of characters is 10.

Fax number (including area code):

3. Verify or provide the current operational status of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

  • Operational
  • Not currently operational
    Why is this business or organization not currently operational?
    • Seasonal operations
      • When did this business or organization close for the season?
        • Date
      • When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?
        • Date
    • Ceased operations
      • When did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Date
      • Why did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Bankruptcy
        • Liquidation
        • Dissolution
        • Other - Specify the other reasons for ceased operations
    • Sold operations
      • When was this business or organization sold?
        • Date
      • What is the legal name of the buyer?
    • Amalgamated with other businesses or organizations
      • When did this business or organization amalgamate?
        • Date
      • What is the legal name of the resulting or continuing business or organization?
      • What are the legal names of the other amalgamated businesses or organizations?
    • Temporarily inactive but will re-open
      • When did this business or organization become temporarily inactive?
        • Date
      • When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?
        • Date
      • Why is this business or organization temporarily inactive?
    • No longer operating due to other reasons
      • When did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Date
      • Why did this business or organization cease operations?

4. Verify or provide the current main activity of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

Note: The described activity was assigned using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

This question verifies the business or organization's current main activity as classified by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is an industry classification system developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States. Created against the background of the North American Free Trade Agreement, it is designed to provide common definitions of the industrial structure of the three countries and a common statistical framework to facilitate the analysis of the three economies. NAICS is based on supply-side or production-oriented principles, to ensure that industrial data, classified to NAICS , are suitable for the analysis of production-related issues such as industrial performance.

The target entity for which NAICS is designed are businesses and other organizations engaged in the production of goods and services. They include farms, incorporated and unincorporated businesses and government business enterprises. They also include government institutions and agencies engaged in the production of marketed and non-marketed services, as well as organizations such as professional associations and unions and charitable or non-profit organizations and the employees of households.

The associated NAICS should reflect those activities conducted by the business or organizational units targeted by this questionnaire only, as identified in the 'Answering this questionnaire' section and which can be identified by the specified legal and operating name. The main activity is the activity which most defines the targeted business or organization's main purpose or reason for existence. For a business or organization that is for-profit, it is normally the activity that generates the majority of the revenue for the entity.

The NAICS classification contains a limited number of activity classifications; the associated classification might be applicable for this business or organization even if it is not exactly how you would describe this business or organization's main activity.

Please note that any modifications to the main activity through your response to this question might not necessarily be reflected prior to the transmitting of subsequent questionnaires and as a result they may not contain this updated information.

The following is the detailed description including any applicable examples or exclusions for the classification currently associated with this business or organization.

Description and examples

  • This is the current main activity
  • This is not the current main activity
    Provide a brief but precise description of this business or organization's main activity:
    e.g., breakfast cereal manufacturing, shoe store, software development

Main activity

5. You indicated that is not the current main activity. Was this business or organization's main activity ever classified as: ?

  • Yes
    When did the main activity change?
    Date:
  • No

6. Search and select the industry classification code that best corresponds to this business or organization's main activity.

Select this business or organization's activity sector (optional)

  • Farming or logging operation
  • Construction company or general contractor
  • Manufacturer
  • Wholesaler
  • Retailer
  • Provider of passenger or freight transportation
  • Provider of investment, savings or insurance products
  • Real estate agency, real estate brokerage or leasing company
  • Provider of professional, scientific or technical services
  • Provider of health care or social services
  • Restaurant, bar, hotel, motel or other lodging establishment
  • Other sector

7. You have indicated that the current main activity of this business or organization is:

Main activity

Are there any other activities that contribute significantly (at least 10%) to this business or organization's revenue?

  • Yes, there are other activities
    Provide a brief but precise description of this business or organization's secondary activity:
    e.g., breakfast cereal manufacturing, shoe store, software development
  • No, that is the only significant activity

8. Approximately what percentage of this business or organization's revenue is generated by each of the following activities?

When precise figures are not available, provide your best estimates.

Example
  Percentage of revenue
Main activity  
Secondary activity  
All other activities  
Total percentage  

Reporting period information

1. What are the start and end dates of this business's or organization's most recently completed fiscal year?

For this survey, the end date should fall between April 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021.

Here are twelve common fiscal periods that fall within the targeted dates:

  • May 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020
  • June 1, 2019 to May 31, 2020
  • July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020
  • August 1, 2019 to July 31, 2020
  • September 1, 2019 to August 31, 2020
  • October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020
  • November 1, 2019 to October 31, 2020
  • December 1, 2019 to November 30, 2020
  • January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020
  • February 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021
  • March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021
  • April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021.

Here are other examples of fiscal periods that fall within the required dates:

  • September 18, 2019 to September 15, 2020 ( e.g., floating year-end)
  • June 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 ( e.g., a newly opened business).

Fiscal year start date:

Fiscal year-end date:

2. What is the reason the reporting period does not cover a full year?

Select all that apply.

  • Seasonal operations
  • New business
  • Change of ownership
  • Temporarily inactive
  • Change of fiscal year
  • Ceased operations
  • Other - Specify reason the reporting period does not cover a full year:  

Balance Sheet, Annual - Statement 20 (II, III)

1. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD , what were this business's assets and liabilities?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Financial assets

Current assets

Include:

  • cash, bank balances (including deposits in transit, special deposits for the payments of debts, and so on) and short-term investments due within one year from the date of the balance sheet;
  • current accounts and notes receivable as well as other current assets such as inventories, charges to subscribers on transportation contracts, interests and dividends receivable, and so on.

All other financial assets - (Include investments and special funds.)

Include investments in associated companies, other investments such as investments in stocks, bonds, and so on, and special funds such as equipment purchase funds, funds set aside for such special purposes as contractual deposits, pension funds, self-insurance funds, and so on.

Property and equipment

Operating - property and equipment - (Include capital leases.)

Include:

  • ground property and equipment (including flight equipment) owned and/or under capital leases;
  • the cost of aircraft (airframes), aircraft engines, propellers, components (aircraft communication and navigational equipment) and spare parts that have been purchased outright;
  • the cost of non-airborne communication and meteorological equipment, ramp equipment, maintenance and engineering equipment, surface transport vehicles and equipment, furniture, fixtures and office equipment, buildings and land as well as miscellaneous ground equipment such as medical equipment, airport and lighting equipment, passenger service equipment, hotel, restaurant and food service equipment, storage and distribution equipment. Property and equipment under capital leases includes the cost of property and equipment under a capital or finance lease, in other words, a lease for a period considered to be the whole or nearly the whole life of the property or equipment.

Accumulated depreciation and amortization - property and equipment

Include:

  • accumulated depreciation and amortization of ground property and equipment (including flight equipment) owned and/or under capital leases;
  • accrued charges representing losses, not replaced by current repairs, occurring in physical property and suffered through current lessening of service value due to wear and tear from use and the action of time and the elements; and losses occurring through obsolescence, supersession, new technological developments, changes in popular demand and the requirements of public authority.

Non-operating property and equipment - (Include capital leases.)

Include the cost of all non-operating property and equipment, in other words, all property and equipment not included in the "operating" category above.

Accumulated depreciation and amortization - non-operating property and equipment

Include accumulated depreciation and amortization of the non-operating property and equipment.

All other assets

Include long-term prepayments, developmental and pre-operating costs such as the cost of extraordinary training, unamortized discounts and expenses on the issue of long-term debt securities, property acquisition adjustments, other intangibles such as payments made for patents, copyrights, and so on, and other deferred charges.

Total assets

The sum of the assets above less the accumulated depreciation and amortization.

Liabilities and capital

Current liabilities

Include:

  • current accounts and traffic balances payable, including balances subject to current settlement and payable to associated companies and/or shareholders, and notes payable on demand or within one year from the date of the balance sheet;
  • the current portion of long-term debt and the current obligations under capital leases;
  • air traffic liabilities (unearned transportation revenue), which includes the value of passenger tickets sold but not used or refunded as of the date of the balance sheet, and pre-paid amounts for the transportation of baggage, freight and mail for which the transportation has not occurred as of the date of the balance sheet;
  • salaries and wages accrued and unpaid, taxes accrued and unpaid, dividends payable, deposits by subscribers on transportation contracts (air travel plan liabilities, in other words, deposits received under air travel plan contracts) and other current and accrued liabilities.

Advances from associated companies and/or shareholders

Include the net amount from associated companies and/or shareholders for notes, loans or advances which are not currently settled.

Long-term debt and other non-current liabilities - (Include capital leases.)

Include:

  • the face value or principal amount of debt securities (for example, bonds, trust certificates, debentures, notes) issued and assumed by the air carrier and in the hands of others, which is not payable within twelve months of the balance sheet date;
  • long-term obligations under capital leases, which refers to the present value of unexpired contracts for the acquisition of aircraft under such lease arrangements.

Deferred income taxes

Include taxes that will be owed on income, but that have not yet been assessed.

All other liabilities

Include:

  • deferred credits which correspond to unamortized premiums on all classes of long-term debt, and other deferred credits such as securities issued or assumed by the air carrier, and other unadjusted accounts that cannot be cleared as of the date of the balance sheet;
  • provisions for major overhauls such as for flight equipment (in other words, liabilities of uncertain value or timing associated with the complete disassembly and inspection or repair of an aircraft, engine or other component of an aircraft) and other provisions such as liabilities of uncertain value or timing.

Shareholders' equity

Capital stock

Include the equity capital invested in a business through the purchase of various classes of common and preferred shares.

Retained earnings

Include the portion of after-tax profits left over, after dividends have been paid to shareholders, for reinvestment into the company. If this account is negative, then the amount indicated for this item should be shown with a negative (-) sign.

All other items

Include other paid-in capital and reserves. Other paid-in capital or contributed surplus includes the premiums or discounts that have resulted from selling stock, and stock received from donations. Reserves include any reserve fund such as reserve for self-insurance, reserve for pension, reserves against potential future losses, and so on. Also, include proprietorship or partnership accounts (balance year-end).

Total liabilities and capital

The sum of liabilities and capital plus the sum of shareholders' equity which should equal total assets.

For the reporting period ending, what were this business's assets and liabilities?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Example
  CAN$ '000
Financial assets  
a. Current assets  
b. All other financial assets
Include investments and special funds.
 
Property and equipment  
a. Operating - property and equipment
Include capital leases.
 
b. Less accumulated depreciation and amortization  
c. Non-operating property and equipment
Include capital leases.
 
d. Less accumulated depreciation and amortization  
e. All other assets  
Total assets  
Liabilities and capital  
a. Current liabilities  
b. Advances from associated companies and/or shareholders  
c. Long-term debt and other non-current liabilities
Include capital leases.
 
d. Deferred incomes taxes  
e. All other liabilities  
Shareholders' equity  
a. Capital stock  
b. Retained earnings  
c. All other items  
Total liabilities and capital  

Statement of Revenues and Expenses, Annual - Statement 21 (I, II)

1. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD , what were the details of this business's operating revenue?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Scheduled services
Transportation of passengers or goods, or both, by an aircraft provided by an air carrier that operates the air service and that, directly or indirectly, sells some or all of its seats or part or all of its cargo space to the public on a price per seat, price per unit of mass or price per volume of cargo basis.

Charter services
Transportation of passengers or goods, or both, by aircraft pursuant to a contract under which a person, other than the air carrier that operates the air service, or its agent, reserves a block of seats or part of the cargo space of an aircraft for the person's use or for resale to the public.
Include air ambulance service and the movement of people and goods to logging or heli-logging sites.
Exclude firefighting and heli-logging activities and the movement of people and goods to a firefighting site. (A complete list of activities which are specialty and therefore not subject to filing requirements as charter can be found in the Transport Canada document entitled "Starting a Commercial Air Service", TP 8880. This document can be found at TP 8880 - Starting A Commercial Air Service or at Starting a Commercial Air Service.)

Passenger revenue
Refers to the revenue earned from the transportation of passengers on scheduled and charter services. Include revenue from all surcharges (baggage, fuel, seat selection, changing or cancelling flights, and so on) that are retained by the air carrier. Exclude amounts such as taxes, navigation fees, security fees, and so on that are collected but passed on to other entities.

Goods revenue
Refers to the revenue earned from the transportation of goods on scheduled and charter services. Exclude taxes such as the Goods and Services Tax (GST), Harmonized Sales Tax (HST) or Provincial Sales Tax (PST).

All other flight-related revenue
Refers to the revenue earned from air transport activities not included in passenger revenue or goods revenue. Include revenue from other flying services such as flying training, recreational flying and other specialty flying.

All other revenue
Include subsidies and revenue earned from all other sources (including contra revenue, revenue of a corporate nature (leasing revenue, third party ground-handling, and so on), ancillary passenger revenue not easily allocated by operating flight (customs brokerage, and so on), revenue from in-flight sales (beverages, food, entertainment and wireless Internet access, and so on)).

Total operating revenue
The sum of passenger revenue, goods revenue, other flight-related revenue and revenue from all other sources.

Example
  CAN$ '000
Operating revenue  
a. Scheduled services - passenger revenue
Include revenue from fees such as baggage, fuel, seat selection, etc.
 
b. Scheduled services - goods revenue  
c. Charter services - passenger revenue  
d. Charter services - goods revenue  
e. All other flight - related revenue
Include revenue from flying services such as flying training, recreational flying, etc.
 
f. All other revenue
Include subsidies and revenue earned from all other sources.
 
Total operating revenue  

Statement of Revenues and Expenses, Annual - Statement 21 (I, II)

2. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD , what were the details of this business's operating expenses?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Operating expenses - Ground property and equipment maintenance

Employee wages, salaries and benefits
Direct labour costs (wages and salaries) expended on the maintenance of ground property and equipment.
Include benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on.

All other maintenance - ground property and equipment expenses
Expenses, both direct and indirect, incurred in the repair and upkeep of ground property and equipment.
Include materials and supplies, purchased repair services and all other related expenses.

Total maintenance - ground property and equipment expenses
The sum of the previous two expense items.

Operating expenses - Aircraft operations

Flight crew wages, salaries and benefits
Include the wages, salaries and benefits for flight crews (pilot, co-pilot, navigator, and so on).
Include benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on and layover expenses such as hotels and meals.

Aircraft fuel and oil
Expenses for turbo fuel, gasoline and all other fuel and oil consumed such as turbine oil and piston oil.
Include throughput charges, non-refundable duties and taxes.

Landing fees
Include airport landing fees paid both in Canada and outside of Canada.

Navigation fees
Charges remitted to NAV CANADA or other international suppliers for the provision of air navigation services. Air navigation services include aeronautical communication services, aeronautical information services, aeronautical radio navigation services, air traffic control services, aviation weather services, emergency assistance services and flight information services.

Aircraft insurance
Expenses for insurance against accidental damage to flight equipment while in flight or on the ground and for insurance against liability occurring from the operation of aircraft or, in the case of non-insurance, the resulting expenses for which the carrier is liable.

Aircraft rental
Expenses incurred for the rental of aircraft (and crew) from other carriers, such as in chartering, interchange and operating or lease agreements.

All other aircraft operation expenses
Expenses incurred directly for the in-flight operation and related standby time of aircraft which are not elsewhere classified.

Total aircraft operations expenses
The sum of the previous seven expense items.

Operating expenses - Flight equipment maintenance

Employee wages, salaries and benefits
Direct labour costs (wages and salaries) expended on the maintenance of flight equipment.
Include benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on.

Materials and supplies
Expenses on materials and supplies for the maintenance of flight equipment.

Purchased repair services
Expenses for repair services for the maintenance of flight equipment purchased from outside suppliers.

All other maintenance - flight equipment expenses
Expenses, both direct and indirect, incurred in the repair and upkeep of flight equipment.

Total maintenance - flight equipment expenses
The sum of the previous four expense items.

Operating expenses - In-flight services

Employee wages, salaries and benefits

Include:

  • the wages, salaries and benefits paid to cabin crews (flight attendants, and so on);
  • benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on and layover expenses such as hotels and meals.

Passenger food and supplies
Include expenses for in-flight meals, complimentary drinks, and so on, and the cost of supplies and personal services furnished to passengers.

Passenger liability insurance
Include the premiums for passenger liability and accident insurance paid by the carrier.

All other in-flight service expenses
Include passenger-related expenses incurred due to interrupted flights, including hotels, meals, taxi fares and other expense items, the cost of other services provided to passengers, such as pay, allowances and the cost of passenger service personnel, and all other services provided for the comfort of passengers in transit.

Total in-flight service expenses
The sum of the previous four expense items.

Operating expenses - Aircraft and traffic servicing

Employee wages, salaries and benefits

Include:

  • the wages, salaries and benefits paid to ground personnel;
  • benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on.

Purchased services
Expenses for aircraft and traffic servicing purchased from outside suppliers.

All other aircraft and traffic servicing expenses
Include expenses incurred on the ground for scheduling or preparing aircraft for arrival and takeoff, expenses incurred in enplaning and deplaning passenger and cargo traffic, and expenses involved in servicing and handling individual aircraft and traffic on the ground, in preparing aircraft crews for flight assignment, in controlling the in-flight movements of aircraft and the in-flight expenses of handling all traffic including baggage.

Total aircraft and traffic servicing expenses
The sum of the previous three expense items.

Operating expenses - Promotion and sales

Employee wages, salaries and benefits

Include:

  • the wages, salaries and benefits paid to all staff engaged in reservations, ticketing, sales and promotional activities;
  • benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on.

All other promotion and sales expenses

Include:

  • passenger and cargo commission expenses;
  • the net commission payable to others for the sale of transportation on the reporting carrier's service less the commission receivable from the reporting carrier's sale of transportation on other carriers' services, advertising and publicity expenses and any related expenses, accommodation costs, agency fees for outside services, expenses associated with reservations, city ticket offices and other sales expenses.

Total promotion and sales expenses
The sum of the previous two expense items.

Operating expenses - Depreciation

Depreciation - flight equipment

Include:

  • provisions for the depreciation of flight equipment only;
  • all charges incurred in normal wear and tear on flight equipment which have not been replaced by current year repair, as well as losses in service ability.

All other depreciation

Include:

  • provisions for the depreciation of all non-flight ground and property equipment;
  • all charges incurred in normal wear and tear which have not been replaced by current year repair, as well as losses in service ability;
  • charges for the amortization of capitalized development and other intangible assets.

Total depreciation
The sum of the previous two expense items.

Operating expenses - All other expenses
Include general administration.

Employee wages, salaries and benefits

Include:

  • the wages, salaries and benefits paid to all employees performing the general and administrative functions of the air carrier;
  • benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on.

Exclude all amounts reported in the previous six wages, salaries and benefits categories.

All other expenses

Include:

  • all operating expenses and general administration expenses not reported elsewhere;
  • expenses for general financial accounting activities, supplementary labour income, property taxes, building rentals, communications purchased, purchasing activities, representation at law, and all other operational administration expenses not directly applicable to a particular function that are not included in the previous operating expenses categories;
  • expenses such as incidental air transport-related expenses associated with revenue reported as "all other revenue";
  • all miscellaneous operating expenses not covered elsewhere;
  • staff reduction expenses.

Total other expenses
The sum of the previous two expense items.

Total operating expenses
The sum of the eight expenses sub-totals, in other words, Total maintenance - ground property and equipment expenses, Total aircraft operations expenses, and so on.

Example
  CAN$ '000
Operating expenses - Ground property and equipment maintenance  
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. All other maintenance - ground property and equipment expenses  
Total maintenance - ground property and equipment expenses  
Operating expenses - Aircraft operations  
a. Flight crew wages, salaries and benefits  
b. Aircraft fuel and oil  
c. Landing fees  
d. Navigation fees  
e. Aircraft insurance  
f. Aircraft rental  
g. All other aircraft operations expenses  
Total aircraft operations expenses  
Operating expenses - Flight equipment maintenance  
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. Materials and supplies  
c. Purchased repair services  
d. All other maintenance - flight equipment expenses  
Total maintenance - flight equipment expenses  
Operating expenses - In-flight service  
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. Passenger food and supplies  
c. Passenger liability insurance  
d. All other in-flight service expenses
Include expenses incurred due to interrupted flights such as hotels, meals, etc.
 
Total in-flight service expenses  
Operating expenses - Aircraft and traffic servicing  
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. Purchased services  
c. All other aircraft and traffic servicing expenses  
Total aircraft and traffic servicing expenses  
Operating expenses - Promotion and sales  
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. All other promotion and sales expenses  
Total promotion and sales expenses  
Operating expenses - Depreciation  
a. Depreciation - flight equipment  
b. All other depreciation
Include provisions for the depreciation of all non-flight ground and property equipment, etc.
 
Total depreciation  
Operating expenses - All other expenses
Include general administration.
 
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. All other expenses
Include all operating expenses and general administration expenses not reported elsewhere, expenses such as incidental air transport-related expenses, expenses for general financial accounting activities, supplementary labour income, property taxes, etc.
 
Total other expenses  
Total operating expenses  

Statement of Revenues and Expenses, Annual - Statement 21 (I, II)

3. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD , what were the details of this business's operating and non-operating income?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Operating income

Net operating income (a loss should be a negative number)
Total operating revenue less total operating expenses - calculated from the previous questions.

Non-operating income/expenses

Interest and discount income
Include interest income from all sources and cash discounts on the purchase of materials and supplies.

Interest expenses
Include interest on unpaid taxes and all classes of debt including premiums, discounts and expenses on short-term obligations, amortization of premiums, discounts and expenses on short-term and long-term obligations.

All other net non-operating income (enter a negative number for a loss)

Include:

  • capital gains (or losses) from retiring operating property and equipment, aircraft equipment, expendable parts, miscellaneous materials and supplies and other assets, when they are sold or otherwise retired from service as part of a general program and not as incidental sales performed as a service to others;
  • gains or losses made on investments in securities;
  • net miscellaneous non-operating income or loss, which refers to revenue and expenses attributable to financing or other activities that are not an integral part of the air transportation activities undertaken by the carrier, or its incidental services. These could include dividend income, the balance of all income or losses from affiliated companies reimbursed to the carrier, foreign exchange adjustments and special items, such as restructuring expenses, which do not occur on a regular basis.

Exclude staff reduction expenses which should be included under all other expenses.

Net non-operating income (a loss should be a negative number)
The sum of the previous three income or expense items.

Provision for income taxes
Include the provision for taxes payable on net income for the accounting period and adjustments of income taxes relating to previous years, including provisions for deferred income taxes resulting from differences between accounting income and taxable income that arise when the time of including items of revenue and expense in the computation of accounting income and taxable income do not coincide. If the net amount is negative, then the amount indicated for this item should be shown with a negative (-) sign.

Net income (a loss should be a negative number)
Net operating income plus net non-operating income less the provision for income taxes.

Example
  CAN$ '000
Operating income  
a. Net operating income (a loss should be a negative number)
Calculated from the previous questions as total operating revenue [$ amount] less total operating expenses [$ amount].
 
Non-operating income/expenses  
a. Interest and discount income  
b. Interest expenses  
c. All other net non-operating income (enter a negative number for a loss)  
Net non-operating income (a loss should be a negative number)  
d. Provision for income taxes  
Net income (a loss should be a negative number)  

Statement of Revenues and Expenses, Annual - Statement 21 (I, II)

4. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD , please provide the details of this business's fuel consumption.

Fuel and oil consumed

Turbo fuel consumed
Include fuel used in both turboprop and jet aircraft.
Provide the quantity and expenses for turbo fuel consumed. Turbo fuel includes the turbine fuel uplifted for all aircraft in the carrier's fleet. Fuel uplift can be determined based on delivery notes or invoices, aircraft onboard measurement systems or, if the fuel was supplied by a customer, estimated based on hours flown. Report the quantity of turbo fuel consumed in litres.
Include turbo fuel consumed for all scheduled and/or charter operations, regardless of where purchased. The expenses for turbo fuel consumed should be reported in Canadian dollars, regardless of where purchased. Include throughput charges, non-refundable duties and taxes. If the fuel was supplied by a customer, an approximate value may be provided based on prevailing market rates.

Conversion factor
To convert gallons (imperial) into litres (l), multiply by 4.546092.

All other fuel and oil consumed
Provide the quantity and expenses for all non-turbo fuel and oil consumed. Report the quantity of all other fuel and oil consumed in litres.
The quantity should include gasoline, turbine oil, piston oil and all other types of fuel and oil consumed for all scheduled and/or charter operations, regardless of where purchased. The expenses for all other fuel and oil consumed should be reported in Canadian dollars, regardless of where purchased. Include throughput charges, non-refundable duties and taxes.

Conversion factor
To convert gallons (imperial) into litres (l), multiply by 4.546092.

Total fuel and oil consumed
The sum of the quantities and expenses reported in the previous two items.

Example
  Quantity -
Litres (L)
Expenses
CAN$ '000
Fuel and oil consumed    
a. Turbo fuel consumed (litres)
Include fuel used in both turbopop and jet aircraft.
   
b. All other fuel and oil consumed (litres)    
Total fuel and oil consumed (litres)    

5. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD , please provide the details of this business's employment.

Employment

Average number of employees
Refer to the average number of people employed for each of the six categories of personnel. Include all employees, temporary or permanent, on the payroll of the air carrier during the reporting period. Include part-time employees, prorated to the amount of time worked when compared to full-time employees (for example, two part-time employees working half-time are equivalent to one full-time employee).

Wages and salaries expenses
Include a breakdown of the wages and salaries paid for each of the six categories of personnel.
Exclude all benefits, in other words, employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on or layover expenses, such as hotels and meals, for flight and cabin crews.

Employment category

Include:

  • Pilots and co-pilots. Self-explanatory;
  • Other flight personnel. Flight crew (including flight engineers, navigators, and so on) and cabin crew (including flight attendants, and so on);
  • General management and administration employees (including the personnel performing the general and administrative functions such as administrative personnel at headquarters, comptrollers and assistants, directors and assistants (operations, passenger service, public relations, sales), and so on);
  • Maintenance personnel (including the personnel performing the ground property and equipment maintenance such as the carpenters, cleaners, and so on and including the personnel performing the flight equipment maintenance such as the aircraft maintenance engineers and the inspectors of flight equipment);
  • Aircraft and traffic servicing personnel (including supervisory personnel, assigned to ground activities, engaged directly in protecting and controlling aircraft in flight (flight dispatch personnel, flight planning staff), in scheduling and preparing flight crews for flight assignment, in parking and servicing aircraft incidental to line operations and including baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and so on);
  • All other employees (including air ambulance attendants, accountants, economists, statisticians, lawyers, purchasing personnel, publicity representatives, and so on).

Total employees
The sum of the number and the wages and salaries expenses for the six categories of personnel.

Example
  Average number of employees Wages and salaries expenses
CAN$ '000
Employment    
a. Pilots and co-pilots    
b. Other flight personnel
Include flight engineers, navigators, flight attendants, etc.
   
c. General management and administration employees    
d. Maintenance personnel    
e. Aircraft and traffic servicing personnel
Include flight dispatch personnel, flight planning staff, aircraft fuelers, etc.
   
f. All other employees
Include air ambulance attendants, accountants, purchasing personnel, etc.
   
Total employees    

6. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD , please provide the distribution of this business's revenue and expenses by area of operation.

Revenue or expenses by area of operation

Passenger revenue
Include a breakdown of the revenue earned from the transportation of passengers for each province, territory and outside of Canada based on where the transportation service was provided. Total passenger revenue should equal the sum of passenger revenue from scheduled services and charter services previously reported.

Goods revenue
Include a breakdown of the revenue earned from the transportation of goods for each province, territory and outside of Canada based on where the transportation service was provided. Total goods revenue should equal the sum of goods revenue from scheduled services and charter services previously reported.

Employee wages and salaries
Include a breakdown of employee wages and salaries for each province, territory and outside of Canada based on where the employees are located. Total employee wages and salaries should equal the total wages and salaries expenses reported in the "Employment" section above.

Example
  Passenger revenue
CAN$ '000
Goods revenue
CAN$ '000
Employee wages and salaries
CAN$ '000
Area of operation      
a. Newfoundland and Labrador      
b. Prince Edward Island      
c. Nova Scotia      
d. New Brunswick      
e. Quebec      
f. Ontario      
g. Manitoba      
h. Saskatchewan      
i. Alberta      
j. British Columbia      
k. Yukon      
l. Northwest Territories      
m. Nunavut      
n. Outside Canada      
Total      

Changes or events

1. Indicate any changes or events that affected the reported values for this business or organization, compared with the last reporting period.

Select all that apply.

  • Strike or lock-out
  • Exchange rate impact
  • Price changes in goods or services sold
  • Contracting out
  • Organizational change
  • Price changes in labour or raw materials
  • Natural disaster
  • Recession
  • Change in product line
  • Sold business or business units
  • Expansion
  • New or lost contract
  • Plant closures
  • Acquisition of business or business units
  • Other - Specify the other changes or events:
  • No changes or events

Contact person

1. Statistics Canada may need to contact the person who completed this questionnaire for further information.

Is [Provided Given Names] , [Provided Family Name] the best person to contact?

  • Yes
  • No

Who is the best person to contact about this questionnaire?

First name:

Last name:

Title:

Email address:

Telephone number (including area code):

Extension number (if applicable):
The maximum number of characters is 5.

Fax number (including area code):

Feedback

1. How long did it take to complete this questionnaire?

Include the time spent gathering the necessary information.

Hours:

Minutes:

2. Do you have any comments about this questionnaire?

Why do we conduct this survey?

This survey collects financial data from the Canadian Level I air carriers needed to measure the growth, the performance and the long-term financial position of the airline industry. The information is also used by Statistics Canada as input to the Canadian System of National Accounts and by individual carriers for measuring company performance relative to groups of competitors.

Your information may also be used by Statistics Canada for other statistical and research purposes.

Your participation in this survey is required under the authority of the Statistics Act.

Other important information

Authorization to collect this information

Data are collected under the authority of the Statistics Act, Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, Chapter S-19.

Confidentiality

By law, Statistics Canada is prohibited from releasing any information it collects that could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent, or as permitted by the Statistics Act. Statistics Canada will use the information from this survey for statistical purposes only.

Record linkages

To enhance the data from this survey and to reduce the reporting burden, Statistics Canada may combine the acquired data with information from other surveys or from administrative sources.

Data-sharing agreements

To reduce respondent burden, Statistics Canada has entered into data-sharing agreements under Section 12 of the Statistics Act with Natural Resources Canada, Transport Canada and the Canadian Transportation Agency. Statistics Canada will only share data from this survey with those organizations that have demonstrated a requirement to use the data.

Under Section 12 of the Statistics Act, respondents can object to the sharing of information with other organizations. However, respondents do not have the right of refusal with respect to sharing the data with Transport Canada. Transport Canada has the legislative authority to collect and use this information pursuant to the Canada Transportation Act (CTA) and the Transportation Information Regulations.

Respondents may refuse to share their information with Natural Resources Canada and the Canadian Transportation Agency by writing a letter of objection to the Chief Statistician, and mailing it to the following address. These organizations have agreed to keep the data confidential and use them only for statistical purposes.

Chief Statistician of Canada
Statistics Canada
Attention of Director, Enterprise Statistics Division
150 Tunney's Pasture Driveway
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0T6

You may also contact us by email at statcan.esd-helpdesk-dse-bureaudedepannage.statcan@canada.ca or by fax at 613-951-6583.

Business or organization and contact information

1. Verify or provide the business or organization's legal and operating name and correct where needed.

Note: Legal name modifications should only be done to correct a spelling error or typo.

Legal Name

The legal name is one recognized by law, thus it is the name liable for pursuit or for debts incurred by the business or organization. In the case of a corporation, it is the legal name as fixed by its charter or the statute by which the corporation was created.

Modifications to the legal name should only be done to correct a spelling error or typo.

To indicate a legal name of another legal entity you should instead indicate it in question 3 by selecting 'Not currently operational' and then choosing the applicable reason and providing the legal name of this other entity along with any other requested information.

Operating Name

The operating name is a name the business or organization is commonly known as if different from its legal name. The operating name is synonymous with trade name.

  • Legal name:
  • Operating name (if applicable):

2. Verify or provide the contact information of the designated business or organization contact person for this questionnaire and correct where needed.

Note: The designated contact person is the person who should receive this questionnaire. The designated contact person may not always be the one who actually completes the questionnaire.

  • First name:
  • Last name:
  • Title:
  • Preferred language of communication:
    • English
    • French
  • Mailing address (number and street):
  • City:
  • Province, territory or state:
  • Postal code or ZIP code:
  • Country:
    • Canada
    • United States
  • Email address:
  • Telephone number (including area code):
  • Extension number (if applicable):
    The maximum number of characters is 10.
  • Fax number (including area code):

3. Verify or provide the current operational status of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

  • Operational
  • Not currently operational
    Why is this business or organization not currently operational?
    • Seasonal operations
      • When did this business or organization close for the season?
        • Date
      • When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?
        • Date
    • Ceased operations
      • When did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Date
      • Why did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Bankruptcy
        • Liquidation
        • Dissolution
        • Other - Specify the other reasons for ceased operations
    • Sold operations
      • When was this business or organization sold?
        • Date
      • What is the legal name of the buyer?
    • Amalgamated with other businesses or organizations
      • When did this business or organization amalgamate?
        • Date
      • What is the legal name of the resulting or continuing business or organization?
      • What are the legal names of the other amalgamated businesses or organizations?
    • Temporarily inactive but will re-open
      • When did this business or organization become temporarily inactive?
        • Date
      • When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?
        • Date
      • Why is this business or organization temporarily inactive?
    • No longer operating due to other reasons
      • When did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Date
      • Why did this business or organization cease operations?

4. Verify or provide the current main activity of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

Note: The described activity was assigned using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

This question verifies the business or organization's current main activity as classified by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is an industry classification system developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States. Created against the background of the North American Free Trade Agreement, it is designed to provide common definitions of the industrial structure of the three countries and a common statistical framework to facilitate the analysis of the three economies. NAICS is based on supply-side or production-oriented principles, to ensure that industrial data, classified to NAICS , are suitable for the analysis of production-related issues such as industrial performance.

The target entity for which NAICS is designed are businesses and other organizations engaged in the production of goods and services. They include farms, incorporated and unincorporated businesses and government business enterprises. They also include government institutions and agencies engaged in the production of marketed and non-marketed services, as well as organizations such as professional associations and unions and charitable or non-profit organizations and the employees of households.

The associated NAICS should reflect those activities conducted by the business or organizational units targeted by this questionnaire only, as identified in the 'Answering this questionnaire' section and which can be identified by the specified legal and operating name. The main activity is the activity which most defines the targeted business or organization's main purpose or reason for existence. For a business or organization that is for-profit, it is normally the activity that generates the majority of the revenue for the entity.

The NAICS classification contains a limited number of activity classifications; the associated classification might be applicable for this business or organization even if it is not exactly how you would describe this business or organization's main activity.

Please note that any modifications to the main activity through your response to this question might not necessarily be reflected prior to the transmitting of subsequent questionnaires and as a result they may not contain this updated information.

The following is the detailed description including any applicable examples or exclusions for the classification currently associated with this business or organization.

Description and examples

  • This is the current main activity
  • This is not the current main activity
    Provide a brief but precise description of this business or organization's main activity:
    e.g., breakfast cereal manufacturing, shoe store, software development

Main activity

5. You indicated that is not the current main activity. Was this business or organization's main activity ever classified as: ?

  • Yes
    When did the main activity change?
    Date:
  • No

6. Search and select the industry classification code that best corresponds to this business or organization's main activity.

Select this business or organization's activity sector (optional)

  • Farming or logging operation
  • Construction company or general contractor
  • Manufacturer
  • Wholesaler
  • Retailer
  • Provider of passenger or freight transportation
  • Provider of investment, savings or insurance products
  • Real estate agency, real estate brokerage or leasing company
  • Provider of professional, scientific or technical services
  • Provider of health care or social services
  • Restaurant, bar, hotel, motel or other lodging establishment
  • Other sector

7. You have indicated that the current main activity of this business or organization is: Main activity. Are there any other activities that contribute significantly (at least 10%) to this business or organization's revenue?

  • Yes, there are other activities
    Provide a brief but precise description of this business or organization's secondary activity:
    e.g., breakfast cereal manufacturing, shoe store, software development
  • No, that is the only significant activity

8. Approximately what percentage of this business or organization's revenue is generated by each of the following activities?

When precise figures are not available, provide your best estimates.

Approximately what percentage of this business or organization's revenue is generated by each of the following activities?
  Percentage of revenue
Main activity  
Secondary activity  
All other activities  
Total percentage  

Reporting period information

1. What are the start and end dates of this business's or organization's most recently completed fiscal year?

For this survey, the end date should fall between April 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021.

Here are twelve common fiscal periods that fall within the targeted dates:

  • May 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020
  • June 1, 2019 to May 31, 2020
  • July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020
  • August 1, 2019 to July 31, 2020
  • September 1, 2019 to August 31, 2020
  • October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020
  • November 1, 2019 to October 31, 2020
  • December 1, 2019 to November 30, 2020
  • January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020
  • February 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021
  • March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021
  • April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021.

Here are other examples of fiscal periods that fall within the required dates:

  • September 18, 2019 to September 15, 2020 ( e.g., floating year-end)
  • June 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 ( e.g., a newly opened business).

Fiscal year start date:

Fiscal year-end date:

2. What is the reason the reporting period does not cover a full year?

Select all that apply.

  • Seasonal operations
  • New business
  • Change of ownership
  • Temporarily inactive
  • Change of fiscal year
  • Ceased operations
  • Other
    Specify reason the reporting period does not cover a full year:

Balance Sheet, Annual - Statement 20 (I)

1. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were this business's assets and liabilities?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Financial assets

Current assets

Include:

  • cash, bank balances (including deposits in transit, special deposits for the payments of debts, and so on) and short-term investments due within one year from the date of the balance sheet;
  • current accounts and notes receivable as well as other current assets such as inventories, charges to subscribers on transportation contracts, interests and dividends receivable, and so on.

All other financial assets - (Include investments and special funds.)

Include investments in associated companies, other investments such as investments in stocks, bonds, and so on, and special funds such as equipment purchase funds, funds set aside for such special purposes as contractual deposits, pension funds, self-insurance funds, and so on.

Property and equipment

Operating - flight equipment - (Include capital leases.)

Include:

  • flight equipment owned and/or under capital leases;
  • the cost of aircraft (airframes), aircraft engines, propellers, components (aircraft communication and navigational equipment) and spare parts that have been purchased outright. Flight equipment under capital leases includes the cost of flight equipment acquired under a capital or finance lease, in other words, a lease for a period considered to be the whole or nearly the whole life of the aircraft.

Accumulated depreciation and amortization - flight equipment

Include:

  • accumulated depreciation and amortization of flight equipment owned and/or under capital leases;
  • accrued charges representing losses, not replaced by current repairs, occurring in physical property and suffered through current lessening of service value due to wear and tear from use and the action of time and the elements; and losses occurring through obsolescence, supersession, new technological developments, changes in popular demand and the requirements of public authority.

Operating - ground property and equipment - (Include capital leases.)

Include:

  • ground property and equipment owned and/or under capital leases;
  • the cost of non-airborne communication and meteorological equipment, ramp equipment, maintenance and engineering equipment, surface transport vehicles and equipment, furniture, fixtures and office equipment, buildings and land as well as miscellaneous ground equipment such as medical equipment, airport and lighting equipment, passenger service equipment, hotel, restaurant and food service equipment, storage and distribution equipment. Ground property and equipment under capital leases includes the cost of ground property and equipment under a capital or finance lease, in other words, a lease for a period considered to be the whole or nearly the whole life of the property or equipment.

Accumulated depreciation and amortization - ground property and equipment

Include:

  • accumulated depreciation and amortization of ground property and equipment owned and/or under capital leases;
  • accrued charges representing losses, not replaced by current repairs, occurring in physical property and suffered through current lessening of service value due to wear and tear from use and the action of time and the elements; and losses occurring through obsolescence, supersession, new technological developments, changes in popular demand and the requirements of public authority.

Non-operating property and equipment - (Include capital leases.)

Include the cost of all non-operating property and equipment, in other words, all property and equipment not included in the "operating" categories above.

Accumulated depreciation and amortization - non-operating property and equipment

Include accumulated depreciation and amortization of the non-operating property and equipment.

All other assets

Include long-term prepayments, developmental and pre-operating costs such as the cost of extraordinary training, unamortized discounts and expenses on the issue of long-term debt securities, property acquisition adjustments, other intangibles such as payments made for patents, copyrights, and so on, and other deferred charges.

Total assets

The sum of the assets above less the accumulated depreciation and amortization.

Liabilities and capital

Current liabilities

Include:

  • current accounts and traffic balances payable, including balances subject to current settlement and payable to associated companies and/or shareholders, and notes payable on demand or within one year from the date of the balance sheet;
  • the current portion of long-term debt and the current obligations under capital leases;
  • air traffic liabilities (unearned transportation revenue), which includes the value of passenger tickets sold but not used or refunded as of the date of the balance sheet, and pre-paid amounts for the transportation of baggage, freight and mail for which the transportation has not occurred as of the date of the balance sheet;
  • salaries and wages accrued and unpaid, taxes accrued and unpaid, dividends payable, deposits by subscribers on transportation contracts (air travel plan liabilities, in other words, deposits received under air travel plan contracts) and other current and accrued liabilities.

Advances from associated companies and/or shareholders

Include the net amount from associated companies and/or shareholders for notes, loans or advances which are not currently settled.

Long-term debt and other non-current liabilities - (Include capital leases.)

Include:

  • the face value or principal amount of debt securities (for example, bonds, trust certificates, debentures, notes) issued and assumed by the air carrier and in the hands of others, which is not payable within twelve months of the balance sheet date;
  • long-term obligations under capital leases, which refers to the present value of unexpired contracts for the acquisition of aircraft under such lease arrangements.

Deferred income taxes

Include taxes that will be owed on income, but that have not yet been assessed.

All other liabilities

Include:

  • deferred credits which correspond to unamortized premiums on all classes of long-term debt, and other deferred credits such as securities issued or assumed by the air carrier, and other unadjusted accounts that cannot be cleared as of the date of the balance sheet;
  • provisions for major overhauls such as for flight equipment (in other words, liabilities of uncertain value or timing associated with the complete disassembly and inspection or repair of an aircraft, engine or other component of an aircraft) and other provisions such as liabilities of uncertain value or timing.

Shareholders' equity

Capital stock

Include the equity capital invested in a business through the purchase of various classes of common and preferred shares.

Retained earnings

Include the portion of after-tax profits left over, after dividends have been paid to shareholders, for reinvestment into the company. If this account is negative, then the amount indicated for this item should be shown with a negative (-) sign.

All other items

Include other paid-in capital and reserves. Other paid-in capital or contributed surplus includes the premiums or discounts that have resulted from selling stock, and stock received from donations. Reserves include any reserve fund such as reserve for self-insurance, reserve for pension, reserves against potential future losses, and so on. Also, include proprietorship or partnership accounts (balance year-end).

Total liabilities and capital

The sum of liabilities and capital plus the sum of shareholders' equity which should equal total assets.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were this business's assets and liabilities?
  CAN$ '000
Financial assets  
a. Current assets  
b. All other financial assets
Include investments and special funds.
 
Property and equipment  
a. Operating - flight equipment
Include capital leases.
 
b. Less accumulated depreciation and amortization  
c. Operating - ground property and equipment
Include capital leases.
 
d. Less accumulated depreciation and amortization  
e. Non-operating property and equipment
Include capital leases.
 
f. Less accumulated depreciation and amortization  
g. All other assets  
Total assets  
Liabilities and capital  
a. Current liabilities  
b. Advances from associated companies and/or shareholders  
c. Long-term debt and other non-current liabilities
Include capital leases.
 
d. Deferred incomes taxes  
e. All other liabilities  
Shareholders' equity  
a. Capital stock  
b. Retained earnings  
c. All other items  
Total liabilities and capital  

Statement of Revenues and Expenses, Annual - Statement 21 (I, II)

1. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD , what were the details of this business's operating revenue?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Scheduled services

Transportation of passengers or goods, or both, by an aircraft provided by an air carrier that operates the air service and that, directly or indirectly, sells some or all of its seats or part or all of its cargo space to the public on a price per seat, price per unit of mass or price per volume of cargo basis.

Charter services

Transportation of passengers or goods, or both, by aircraft pursuant to a contract under which a person, other than the air carrier that operates the air service, or its agent, reserves a block of seats or part of the cargo space of an aircraft for the person's use or for resale to the public.

Include air ambulance service and the movement of people and goods to logging or heli-logging sites.

Exclude firefighting and heli-logging activities and the movement of people and goods to a firefighting site. (A complete list of activities which are specialty and therefore not subject to filing requirements as charter can be found in the Transport Canada document entitled "Starting a Commercial Air Service", TP 8880.)

Passenger revenue

Refers to the revenue earned from the transportation of passengers on scheduled and charter services.

Include revenue from all surcharges (baggage, fuel, seat selection, changing or cancelling flights, and so on) that are retained by the air carrier. Exclude amounts such as taxes, navigation fees, security fees, and so on that are collected but passed on to other entities.

Goods revenue

Refers to the revenue earned from the transportation of goods on scheduled and charter services. Exclude taxes such as the Goods and Services Tax (GST), Harmonized Sales Tax (HST) or Provincial Sales Tax (PST).

All other flight-related revenue

Refers to the revenue earned from air transport activities not included in passenger revenue or goods revenue. Include revenue from other flying services such as flying training, recreational flying and other specialty flying.

All other revenue

Include subsidies and revenue earned from all other sources (including contra revenue, revenue of a corporate nature (leasing revenue, third party ground-handling, and so on), ancillary passenger revenue not easily allocated by operating flight (customs brokerage, and so on), revenue from in-flight sales (beverages, food, entertainment and wireless Internet access, and so on)).

Total operating revenue

The sum of passenger revenue, goods revenue, other flight-related revenue and revenue from all other sources.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD , what were the details of this business's operating revenue?
  CAN$ '000
Operating revenue  
a. Scheduled services - passenger revenue
Include revenue from fees such as baggage, fuel, seat selection, etc.
 
b. Scheduled services - goods revenue  
c. Charter services - passenger revenue  
d. Charter services - goods revenue  
e. All other flight - related revenue
Include revenue from flying services such as flying training, recreational flying, etc.
 
f. All other revenue
Include subsidies and revenue earned from all other sources.
 
Total operating revenue  

Statement of Revenues and Expenses, Annual - Statement 21 (I, II)

2. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were the details of this business's operating expenses?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Operating expenses - Ground property and equipment maintenance

Employee wages, salaries and benefits

Direct labour costs (wages and salaries) expended on the maintenance of ground property and equipment.

Include benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on.

All other maintenance - ground property and equipment expenses

Expenses, both direct and indirect, incurred in the repair and upkeep of ground property and equipment.

Include materials and supplies, purchased repair services and all other related expenses.

Total maintenance - ground property and equipment expenses

The sum of the previous two expense items.

Operating expenses - Aircraft operations

Flight crew wages, salaries and benefits

Include the wages, salaries and benefits for flight crews (pilot, co-pilot, navigator, and so on).

Include benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on and layover expenses such as hotels and meals.

Aircraft fuel and oil

Expenses for turbo fuel, gasoline and all other fuel and oil consumed such as turbine oil and piston oil.

Include throughput charges, non-refundable duties and taxes.

Landing fees

Include airport landing fees paid both in Canada and outside of Canada.

Navigation fees

Charges remitted to NAV CANADA or other international suppliers for the provision of air navigation services. Air navigation services include aeronautical communication services, aeronautical information services, aeronautical radio navigation services, air traffic control services, aviation weather services, emergency assistance services and flight information services.

Aircraft insurance

Expenses for insurance against accidental damage to flight equipment while in flight or on the ground and for insurance against liability occurring from the operation of aircraft or, in the case of non-insurance, the resulting expenses for which the carrier is liable.

Aircraft rental

Expenses incurred for the rental of aircraft (and crew) from other carriers, such as in chartering, interchange and operating or lease agreements.

All other aircraft operation expenses

Expenses incurred directly for the in-flight operation and related standby time of aircraft which are not elsewhere classified.

Total aircraft operations expenses

The sum of the previous seven expense items.

Operating expenses - Flight equipment maintenance

Employee wages, salaries and benefits

Direct labour costs (wages and salaries) expended on the maintenance of flight equipment.

Include benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on.

Materials and supplies

Expenses on materials and supplies for the maintenance of flight equipment.

Purchased repair services

Expenses for repair services for the maintenance of flight equipment purchased from outside suppliers.

All other maintenance - flight equipment expenses

Expenses, both direct and indirect, incurred in the repair and upkeep of flight equipment.

Total maintenance - flight equipment expenses

The sum of the previous four expense items.

Operating expenses - In-flight services

Employee wages, salaries and benefits

Include:

  • the wages, salaries and benefits paid to cabin crews (flight attendants, and so on);
  • benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on and layover expenses such as hotels and meals.

Passenger food and supplies

Include expenses for in-flight meals, complimentary drinks, and so on, and the cost of supplies and personal services furnished to passengers.

Passenger liability insurance

Include the premiums for passenger liability and accident insurance paid by the carrier.

All other in-flight service expenses

Include passenger-related expenses incurred due to interrupted flights, including hotels, meals, taxi fares and other expense items, the cost of other services provided to passengers, such as pay, allowances and the cost of passenger service personnel, and all other services provided for the comfort of passengers in transit.

Total in-flight service expenses

The sum of the previous four expense items.

Operating expenses - Aircraft and traffic servicing

Employee wages, salaries and benefits

Include:

  • the wages, salaries and benefits paid to ground personnel;
  • benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on.

Purchased services

Expenses for aircraft and traffic servicing purchased from outside suppliers.

All other aircraft and traffic servicing expenses

Include expenses incurred on the ground for scheduling or preparing aircraft for arrival and takeoff, expenses incurred in enplaning and deplaning passenger and cargo traffic, and expenses involved in servicing and handling individual aircraft and traffic on the ground, in preparing aircraft crews for flight assignment, in controlling the in-flight movements of aircraft and the in-flight expenses of handling all traffic including baggage.

Total aircraft and traffic servicing expenses

The sum of the previous three expense items.

Operating expenses - Promotion and sales

Employee wages, salaries and benefits

Include:

  • the wages, salaries and benefits paid to all staff engaged in reservations, ticketing, sales and promotional activities;
  • benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on.

All other promotion and sales expenses

Include:

  • passenger and cargo commission expenses;
  • the net commission payable to others for the sale of transportation on the reporting carrier's service less the commission receivable from the reporting carrier's sale of transportation on other carriers' services, advertising and publicity expenses and any related expenses, accommodation costs, agency fees for outside services, expenses associated with reservations, city ticket offices and other sales expenses.

Total promotion and sales expenses

The sum of the previous two expense items.

Operating expenses - Depreciation

Depreciation - flight equipment

Include:

  • provisions for the depreciation of flight equipment only;
  • all charges incurred in normal wear and tear on flight equipment which have not been replaced by current year repair, as well as losses in service ability.

All other depreciation

Include:

  • provisions for the depreciation of all non-flight ground and property equipment;
  • all charges incurred in normal wear and tear which have not been replaced by current year repair, as well as losses in service ability;
  • charges for the amortization of capitalized development and other intangible assets.

Total depreciation

The sum of the previous two expense items.

Operating expenses - All other expenses

Include general administration.

Employee wages, salaries and benefits

Include:

  • the wages, salaries and benefits paid to all employees performing the general and administrative functions of the air carrier;
  • benefits such as employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on.

Exclude all amounts reported in the previous six wages, salaries and benefits categories.

All other expenses

Include:

  • all operating expenses and general administration expenses not reported elsewhere;
  • expenses for general financial accounting activities, supplementary labour income, property taxes, building rentals, communications purchased, purchasing activities, representation at law, and all other operational administration expenses not directly applicable to a particular function that are not included in the previous operating expenses categories;
  • expenses such as incidental air transport-related expenses associated with revenue reported as "all other revenue";
  • all miscellaneous operating expenses not covered elsewhere;
  • staff reduction expenses.

Total other expenses

The sum of the previous two expense items.

Total operating expenses

The sum of the eight expenses sub-totals, in other words, Total maintenance - ground property and equipment expenses, Total aircraft operations expenses, and so on.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were the details of this business's operating expenses?
  CAN$ '000
Operating expenses - Ground property and equipment maintenance  
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. All other maintenance - ground property and equipment expenses  
Total maintenance - ground property and equipment expenses  
Operating expenses - Aircraft operations  
a. Flight crew wages, salaries and benefits  
b. Aircraft fuel and oil  
c. Landing fees  
d. Navigation fees  
e. Aircraft insurance  
f. Aircraft rental  
g. All other aircraft operations expenses  
Total aircraft operations expenses  
Operating expenses - Flight equipment maintenance  
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. Materials and supplies  
c. Purchased repair services  
d. All other maintenance - flight equipment expenses  
Total maintenance - flight equipment expenses  
Operating expenses - In-flight service  
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. Passenger food and supplies  
c. Passenger liability insurance  
d. All other in-flight service expenses
Include expenses incurred due to interrupted flights such as hotels, meals, etc.
 
Total in-flight service expenses  
Operating expenses - Aircraft and traffic servicing  
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. Purchased services  
c. All other aircraft and traffic servicing expenses  
Total aircraft and traffic servicing expenses  
Operating expenses - Promotion and sales  
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. All other promotion and sales expenses  
Total promotion and sales expenses  
Operating expenses - Depreciation  
a. Depreciation - flight equipment  
b. All other depreciation
Include provisions for the depreciation of all non-flight ground and property equipment, etc.
 
Total depreciation  
Operating expenses - All other expenses
Include general administration.
 
a. Employee wages, salaries and benefits  
b. All other expenses
Include all operating expenses and general administration expenses not reported elsewhere, expenses such as incidental air transport-related expenses, expenses for general financial accounting activities, supplementary labour income, property taxes, etc.
 
Total other expenses  
Total operating expenses  

Statement of Revenues and Expenses, Annual - Statement 21 (I, II)

3. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were the details of this business's operating and non-operating income?

Report all amounts in thousands of Canadian dollars.

Operating income

Net operating income (a loss should be a negative number)

Total operating revenue less total operating expenses - calculated from the previous questions.

Non-operating income/expenses

Interest and discount income

Include interest income from all sources and cash discounts on the purchase of materials and supplies.

Interest expenses

Include interest on unpaid taxes and all classes of debt including premiums, discounts and expenses on short-term obligations, amortization of premiums, discounts and expenses on short-term and long-term obligations.

All other net non-operating income (enter a negative number for a loss)

Include:

  • capital gains (or losses) from retiring operating property and equipment, aircraft equipment, expendable parts, miscellaneous materials and supplies and other assets, when they are sold or otherwise retired from service as part of a general program and not as incidental sales performed as a service to others;
  • gains or losses made on investments in securities;
  • net miscellaneous non-operating income or loss, which refers to revenue and expenses attributable to financing or other activities that are not an integral part of the air transportation activities undertaken by the carrier, or its incidental services. These could include dividend income, the balance of all income or losses from affiliated companies reimbursed to the carrier, foreign exchange adjustments and special items, such as restructuring expenses, which do not occur on a regular basis.

Exclude staff reduction expenses which should be included under all other expenses.

Net non-operating income (a loss should be a negative number)

The sum of the previous three income or expense items.

Provision for income taxes

Include the provision for taxes payable on net income for the accounting period and adjustments of income taxes relating to previous years, including provisions for deferred income taxes resulting from differences between accounting income and taxable income that arise when the time of including items of revenue and expense in the computation of accounting income and taxable income do not coincide. If the net amount is negative, then the amount indicated for this item should be shown with a negative (-) sign.

Net income (a loss should be a negative number)

Net operating income plus net non-operating income less the provision for income taxes.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, what were the details of this business's operating and non-operating income?
  CAN$ '000
Operating income  
a. Net operating income (a loss should be a negative number)
Calculated from the previous questions as total operating revenue [$ amount] less total operating expenses [$ amount].
 
Non-operating income/expenses  
a. Interest and discount income  
b. Interest expenses  
c. All other net non-operating income (enter a negative number for a loss)  
Net non-operating income (a loss should be a negative number)  
d. Provision for income taxes  
Net income (a loss should be a negative number)  

Statement of Revenues and Expenses, Annual - Statement 21 (I, II)

4. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the details of this business's fuel consumption.

Fuel and oil consumed

Turbo fuel consumed

Include fuel used in both turboprop and jet aircraft.

Provide the quantity and expenses for turbo fuel consumed. Turbo fuel includes the turbine fuel uplifted for all aircraft in the carrier's fleet. Fuel uplift can be determined based on delivery notes or invoices, aircraft onboard measurement systems or, if the fuel was supplied by a customer, estimated based on hours flown. Report the quantity of turbo fuel consumed in litres.

Include turbo fuel consumed for all scheduled and/or charter operations, regardless of where purchased. The expenses for turbo fuel consumed should be reported in Canadian dollars, regardless of where purchased. Include throughput charges, non-refundable duties and taxes. If the fuel was supplied by a customer, an approximate value may be provided based on prevailing market rates.

Conversion factor

To convert gallons (imperial) into litres (l), multiply by 4.546092.

All other fuel and oil consumed

Provide the quantity and expenses for all non-turbo fuel and oil consumed. Report the quantity of all other fuel and oil consumed in litres.

The quantity should include gasoline, turbine oil, piston oil and all other types of fuel and oil consumed for all scheduled and/or charter operations, regardless of where purchased. The expenses for all other fuel and oil consumed should be reported in Canadian dollars, regardless of where purchased. Include throughput charges, non-refundable duties and taxes.

Conversion factor

To convert gallons (imperial) into litres (l), multiply by 4.546092.

Total fuel and oil consumed

The sum of the quantities and expenses reported in the previous two items.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the details of this business's fuel consumption.
  Quantity -
Litres (L)
Expenses
CAN$ '000
Fuel and oil consumed    
a. Turbo fuel consumed (litres)
Include fuel used in both turbopop and jet aircraft.
   
b. All other fuel and oil consumed (litres)    
Total fuel and oil consumed (litres)    

5. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the details of this business's employment.

Employment

Average number of employees

Refer to the average number of people employed for each of the six categories of personnel. Include all employees, temporary or permanent, on the payroll of the air carrier during the reporting period. Include part-time employees, prorated to the amount of time worked when compared to full-time employees (for example, two part-time employees working half-time are equivalent to one full-time employee).

Wages and salaries expenses

Include a breakdown of the wages and salaries paid for each of the six categories of personnel.
Exclude all benefits, in other words, employer contributions to pensions, medical benefits, insurance, and so on or layover expenses, such as hotels and meals, for flight and cabin crews.

Employment category

Include:

  • Pilots and co-pilots. Self-explanatory;
  • Other flight personnel. Flight crew (including flight engineers, navigators, and so on) and cabin crew (including flight attendants, and so on);
  • General management and administration employees (including the personnel performing the general and administrative functions such as administrative personnel at headquarters, comptrollers and assistants, directors and assistants (operations, passenger service, public relations, sales, and so on);
  • Maintenance personnel (including the personnel performing the ground property and equipment maintenance such as the carpenters, cleaners, and so on and including the personnel performing the flight equipment maintenance such as the aircraft maintenance engineers and the inspectors of flight equipment);
  • Aircraft and traffic servicing personnel (including supervisory personnel, assigned to ground activities, engaged directly in protecting and controlling aircraft in flight (flight dispatch personnel, flight planning staff), in scheduling and preparing flight crews for flight assignment, in parking and servicing aircraft incidental to line operations and including baggage handlers, aircraft fuelers, and so on);
  • All other employees (including air ambulance attendants, accountants, economists, statisticians, lawyers, purchasing personnel, publicity representatives, and so on).

Total employees

The sum of the number and the wages and salaries expenses for the six categories of personnel.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the details of this business's employment.
  Average number of employees Wages and salaries expenses
CAN$ '000
Employment    
a. Pilots and co-pilots    
b. Other flight personnel
Include flight engineers, navigators, flight attendants, etc.
   
c. General management and administration employees    
d. Maintenance personnel    
e. Aircraft and traffic servicing personnel
Include flight dispatch personnel, flight planning staff, aircraft fuelers, etc.
   
f. All other employees
Include air ambulance attendants, accountants, purchasing personnel, etc.
   
Total employees    

6. For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the distribution of this business's revenue and expenses by area of operation.

Revenue or expenses by area of operation

Passenger revenue

Include a breakdown of the revenue earned from the transportation of passengers for each province, territory and outside of Canada based on where the transportation service was provided. Total passenger revenue should equal the sum of passenger revenue from scheduled services and charter services previously reported.

Goods revenue

Include a breakdown of the revenue earned from the transportation of goods for each province, territory and outside of Canada based on where the transportation service was provided. Total goods revenue should equal the sum of goods revenue from scheduled services and charter services previously reported.

Employee wages and salaries

Include a breakdown of employee wages and salaries for each province, territory and outside of Canada based on where the employees are located. Total employee wages and salaries should equal the total wages and salaries expenses reported in the "Employment" section above.

For the reporting period ending YYYY-MM-DD, please provide the distribution of this business's revenue and expenses by area of operation.
  Passenger revenue
CAN$ '000
Goods revenue
CAN$ '000
Employee wages and salaries
CAN$ '000
Area of operation      
a. Newfoundland and Labrador      
b. Prince Edward Island      
c. Nova Scotia      
d. New Brunswick      
e. Quebec      
f. Ontario      
g. Manitoba      
h. Saskatchewan      
i. Alberta      
j. British Columbia      
k. Yukon      
l. Northwest Territories      
m. Nunavut      
n. Outside Canada      
Total      

Changes or events

1. Indicate any changes or events that affected the reported values for this business or organization, compared with the last reporting period.

Select all that apply.

  • Strike or lock-out
  • Exchange rate impact
  • Price changes in goods or services sold
  • Contracting out
  • Organizational change
  • Price changes in labour or raw materials
  • Natural disaster
  • Recession
  • Change in product line
  • Sold business or business units
  • Expansion
  • New or lost contract
  • Plant closures
  • Acquisition of business or business units
  • Other
    Specify the other changes or events:
  • No changes or events

Contact person

1. Statistics Canada may need to contact the person who completed this questionnaire for further information. Is [Provided Given Names] , [Provided Family Name] the best person to contact?

  • Yes
  • No

Who is the best person to contact about this questionnaire?

  • First name:
  • Last name:
  • Title:
  • Email address:
  • Telephone number (including area code):
  • Extension number (if applicable):
    The maximum number of characters is 5.
  • Fax number (including area code):

Feedback

1. How long did it take to complete this questionnaire?

Include the time spent gathering the necessary information.

  • Hours:
  • Minutes:

2. Do you have any comments about this questionnaire?

Machine learning: An introduction

Catalogue number: 892000062021004

Release date: May 3, 2021 Updated: December 30, 2021

This video is recommended for those who already have some familiarity with the concepts and techniques associated with computer programming and using algorithms to analyze data. One important distinction we will make in this video is the differences between Data Science, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning.

You'll learn what machine learning can be used for, how it works, and some different methods for doing it. And you'll also learn how to build and use machine learning processes responsibly.

Data journey step
Analyze, model
Data competency
  • Data exploration
  • Data gathering
  • Data interpretation
  • Data modeling
  • Evidence based decision-making
Audience
Intermediate
Suggested prerequisites
N/A
Length
14:11
Cost
Free

Watch the video

Machine learning: An introduction - Transcript

Machine learning: An introduction - Transcript

(The Statistics Canada symbol and Canada wordmark appear on screen with the title: "Machine learning: An introduction")

Machine learning: An introduction

Welcome to Machine Learning: An introduction. Here we'll explain the basic concepts of machine learning and include a framework for responsible machine learning processes.

Learning goals

This video is recommended for those who already have some familiarity with the concepts and techniques associated with computer programming and using algorithms to analyze data. One important distinction we'll make in this video is the difference between data science, artificial intelligence and machine learning. You'll learn what machine learning can be used for, how it works and some different methods for doing it. You'll also learn how to build and use machine learning processes responsibly.

Steps of a data journey

(Text on screen: Supported by a foundation of stewardship, metadata, standards and quality)

(Diagram of the Steps of the data journey: Step 1 - define, find, gather; Step 2 - explore, clean, describe; Step 3 - analyze, model; Step 4 - tell the story. The data journey is supported by a foundation of stewardship, metadata, standards and quality.)

This diagram is a visual representation of the data journey from collecting the data to exploring, cleaning, describing and understanding the data, to analyzing the data and lastly, to communicating with others the story the data tell.

Steps 1,2 & 3: Define, find, gather; Explore, clean and describre; Analyze and model

(Diagram of the Steps of the data journey with an emphasis on Step 1 - define, find, gather; Step 2 - explore, clean and describe; Step 3 - analyze and model)

Machine learning can be used at the find, gather and protect step in the data journey to search through data and find only the parts that are needed. It can also be used at the explorer clean and describe step in the data journey to reveal what's in the data. And finally, machine learning can be used at the analyze and model step in the data journey to find relationships between variables and predict outcomes or future events.

What is data science?

(Chart containing 3 intersecting circles in the middle. The circles of the orange, left green and right blue top represent the Domain Expertise, Computer Science and Mathematics, respectively. The intersection of orange-green, green-blue and blue-orange circles represent Data Processing, Machine Learning and Statistical Research, respectively. The intersection of the three circles represents the Data Science.)

First, what is data science exactly? It's the intersection of three things: expertise in a particular domain, computer programming skills, and mathematics and statistics. Data scientists, computer scientists, statisticians and other types of scientists can all use machine learning in their work. Data science techniques such as artificial intelligence and machine learning are used to solve analytically complex problems.

What are artificial intelligence and machine learning?

Artificial intelligence, or A.I., is an area of study within the field of computer science dedicated to solving problems commonly associated with human intelligence, such as memory, problem solving and pattern recognition. One example of A.I. Would be a computer which has been programmed to recognize all possible sequences of moves in order to play the game of chess. Machine learning, or M.L., on the other hand, is a subset of A.I. where the computer learns without having been programmed for specific tasks. Instead of having lines of code telling the computer exactly what to do, in machine learning, the computer learns patterns in data and applies those patterns to predict an outcome. So when playing chess, a computer is not randomly choosing a move after assessing all possible options, but rather it's using data gathered from millions of previously played games not just to ensure that its move is valid, but to ensure the sequence is most likely to result in a win.

Why use machine learning?

Machine learning is a tool that allows for the development, adjustment and fine tuning of complex models in order to make more accurate predictions using high volumes of data. Think of it like a human brain: as it receives more data, the model improves and can draw better conclusions, leading to stronger predictions. Machine learning is also used to automate repetitive and tedious tasks that would otherwise take many hours to complete, such as sorting and categorizing online news articles.

How machine learning algorithms "learn"

Two ways that machine learning algorithms learn to predict an outcome are supervised and unsupervised learning. In supervised learning, we give the algorithm a mapping of inputs to the desired outcomes. The algorithm tries to figure out the relationship between them, so that for subsequent inputs, it can predict outcomes following the same logic as in the original mapping. An important requirement in supervised learning is to have data where both the inputs and the outcomes are known. This is called labeled data. In unsupervised learning, we don't have data with the inputs and desired outcomes. Here, the algorithm looks for similarities and patterns in the data and tries to determine a strategy for categorizing the inputs. The algorithm will apply the same strategy to categorize subsequent inputs. We'll see an example of each of these on the next two slides.

Supervised learning: Determining crop type on satellite images

(satellite image of a farm area containing farms)

Here we see an example of using supervised machine learning to predict crop type in satellite images. On the right hand side, you see an actual satellite image of farmers fields. This is the input. The first step is to identify what portions in the image are crops versus something else, such as roads, water, fences or trees, and then to identify each different type of crop. These are the outcomes. This first step has to be done by a person. The second step is to create a machine learning algorithm that reads in the satellite image and the correct label for what's in every spot of the image. From this, the algorithm learns to identify crops by how they appear on the image. For example, by the color and density in the image. Finally, the algorithm reads an image it's never seen before and tries to predict which crops are there, based on what it learned in the second step.

unsupervised learning: Detecting credit card fraud

In this example, we see how an unsupervised machine learning algorithm can be used to sort out fraudulent transactions from all the legitimate ones. As a first step, all transactions, for a period of time, are passed through the algorithm. The algorithm looks at many different attributes of each transaction, such as the date, the amount, the location, type of store and type of product or service that was purchased. Then the algorithm is asked to sort the transactions into groups. In this case, we believe that fraud is a rare event, so we would expect a very small percentage of transactions to be separated out from the rest. Remember, in unsupervised learning, we don't know in advance which transactions are legitimate and which are fraudulent. The next few slides will introduce you to some machine learning methods. We don't cover all of them here in this short video.

Machine learning methods: Image processing

One machine learning method is image processing. We already saw how this works in the satellite image and crop type example. This method is used to extract information from images, find patterns, segment an image or compress an image, so it takes up less storage space.

Machine learning methods: Natural language processing

Natural language processing is a method of translating between computer and human languages. The goal of natural language processing is to get a computer to read a line of text and understand the meaning, just as a person would. An example is a chatbot. It expects people to type "how do I" or "I can't find" followed by keywords that refer to things one should be able to do or find on that particular website and then it provides the appropriate response. With each interaction the chatbot has, it learns to be more and more sophisticated in how it interprets what people type and how it phrases its responses.

Machine learning methods: Sentiment analysis

Sentiment analysis is a machine learning method that interprets the emotions within text to measure the inclination of people's opinions, whether they're positive, negative or neutral. An example is reading and interpreting people's sentiments from reviews of dining experiences in restaurants.

Machine learning methods: Deep learning

Have you ever been shown an image and it's all fuzzy and you're supposed to guess what it is? Then gradually the resolution gets better and better. So first, you know, it's a person and then you see, oh, it's a woman, and then you recognize the unique physical characteristics that differentiate your sister from a stranger, even if they have the same height, hair and eye color. That's how deep learning works. The algorithm makes many passes over the same data, gaining precision each time until it can predict what the image actually is. It works using structures of interconnected nodes that imitate the workings of a human brain. An example of deep learning is self-driving cars. The onboard cameras are constantly feeding deep learning algorithms in the car's computer that analyze and interpret the images of its surroundings and adjust the speed and direction of travel so as to avoid collisions.

Building a responsible ML process

Machine learning processes are typically developed using open source code and code written in house. All machine learning processes should meet certain quality standards no matter who develops them or what purpose they're used for. Quality standards include the following aspects: Rigorous - in terms of the scientific methods used and the testing they go through. Responsible - in terms of how they're used and what they're used for. Trustworthy - in terms of sound implementation. Ethical - both in terms of the data and the algorithms themselves. To ensure that machine learning processes at Statistics Canada meet these expectations, we've developed a framework for responsible machine learning processes.

Framework for responsible machine learning

(Text: Assessed through self-evaluation and peer review, using a checklist and producing a report or dashboard)

(Circular diagram on the ethics of responsible machine learning. In a clockwise direction, beginning in the upper left, is titled: Respect for people; Sound application; Sound methods; Respect for data)

This is a visual representation of the framework for responsible machine learning processes at Statistics Canada. The framework is built on four themes: Respect for people, Respect for data, Sound application and Sound methods. Each theme has several attributes.

Framework for responsible machine learning

(Text: Trustworthy insight from responsible machine learning processes)

Let's go through the themes one by one. A machine learning process ensures respect for people by ensuring there's no bias or discrimination in the learning data. Everyone is treated fairly. A machine learning process that ensures respect for data is one that protects privacy of people and businesses, ensures security of data through all processing steps, and protects confidential information to prevent disclosure. A machine learning process that has sound application is one that ensures transparency and reproducibility of both the process and the results. A machine learning process that has sound methods is one whose methods are compliant with quality guidelines and uses appropriate metrics to measure accuracy and performance.

How to use ML processes responsibly

It's not enough to simply build responsible machine learning processes, they also have to be used responsibly. This means monitoring performance metrics through time. There could be evolution in the data processed by the algorithm, so it's important to monitor performance and retune the algorithm when necessary. There should be human oversight and accountability at all steps. People are ultimately responsible for all predictions and decisions that are the output of a machine learning algorithm. For all systems that use machine learning processes and most importantly, for those that directly support or make administrative decisions, it's essential to implement and enforce protocols on their use. For machine learning processes in the government of Canada, this means ensuring compliance with the directive on automated decision making from the Treasury Board Secretariat.

Recap of key points

In this video, you learned that data science is the intersection of subject matter expertise, computer programming, mathematics and statistics. Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that focuses on teaching computers how to learn without the need to be programmed for specific tasks. Supervised and unsupervised are two types of machine learning used to predict an outcome. And we also presented a framework for how to build and use machine learning algorithms responsibly.

Further learning

You can find Statistics Canada's framework for responsible machine learning in the Data Literacy Initiative Learning Catalog, where you found this video. If you want to learn more about the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning in the government of Canada, enter "Treasury Board Secretariat Directive on automated decision making" in the search field of your favorite browser.

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Statistics 101: Proportions, ratios and rates

Catalogue number: 892000062021003

Release date: May 3, 2021 Updated: December 1, 2021

This video is intended for viewers who wish to gain a basic understanding of three types of measures: proportions, ratios, and rates. No previous knowledge is required. Although proportions, ratios and rates are similar to each other, they each have different properties.

In this video, you will learn the differences between these three measures. In addition, by the end of the video, you will be able to answer the following question: How is each one calculated, and when is it best to use one rather than the other?

Data journey step
Analyze, model
Data competency
  • Data exploration
  • Data interpretation
Audience
Basic
Suggested prerequisites
N/A
Length
13:16
Cost
Free

Watch the video

Statistics 101: Proportions, ratios and rates - Transcript

Statistics 101: Proportions, ratios and rates - Transcript

(The Statistics Canada symbol and Canada wordmark appear on screen with the title: "Statistics 101 Proportions, ratios, and rates")

Statistics 101: Proportions, ratios, and rates

Often the easiest way to tell a data story is to simply compare one given number with another. When we hear "75 percent of people think this or two thirds of companies do that", what we are hearing are the results of analyzing a given set of data, and three helpful measures for doing so are proportions, ratios and rates. All of these measures are easy to calculate, use and understand. This video will introduce you to the concepts of proportions, ratios and rates and the differences between them.

Learning goals

This video is intended for viewers who wish to gain a basic understanding of three types of measures: proportions, ratios and rates. No previous knowledge is required. Although proportions, ratios and rates are similar to each other, they each have different properties. In this video, you will learn the differences between these three measures. In addition, by the end of this video, you will be able to answer the following questions. How is each one calculated, and when is it best to use one rather than the other?

Steps of a data journey

(Text on screen: Supported by a foundation of stewardship, metadata, standards and quality)

(Diagram of the Steps of the data journey: Step 1 - define, find, gather; Step 2 - explore, clean, describe; Step 3 - analyze, model; Step 4 - tell the story. The data journey is supported by a foundation of stewardship, metadata, standards and quality.)

This diagram is a visual representation of the data journey, from collecting the data to exploring, cleaning, describing and understanding the data, to analyzing the data and lastly, to communicating with others the story the data tell.

Step 2: Explore, clean and describe

(Diagram of the Steps of the data journey with an emphasis on Step 2 - explore, clean, describe.)

In the data journey, the use of proportions, ratios and rates are part of the explore, clean and describe step and are also used to analyze and model.

What is a proportion?

Let's start with proportions. A proportion is a part, share or a number considered in comparative relation to a whole. The smallest value for a proportion is zero or the largest possible value is one. A proportion can be expressed as a percentage by multiplying its value by one hundred. Proportions are useful when you want to compare a number to a total. For example, in an audience of 50 people, five are left handed. This can be expressed as a proportion by dividing five by fifty, for a result of 0.10 to ten percent by multiplying 0.1 by 100.

Proportions: An example

Imagine you have a standard deck of 52 playing cards. The deck contains 13 cards of each suit: diamonds, hearts, clubs and spades. For the sake of this example, we will assume that there are no jokers or any extra cards. What is the proportion of diamonds in the deck? To calculate this proportion, we should first count the number of diamond cards. There are 13. Then, we would divide this number by the total number of cards in the deck, which is 52. This gives us a proportion of 0.25. Expressed as a percentage, the answer is 25 percent.

What is a ratio?

Now, let's move on to ratios. A ratio tells us the relative size of two values. The difference between proportion and a ratio is that with ratios, you have more freedom to compare. The notation is also different. While ratios can be expressed as numbers or percentages, they are most commonly expressed with a colon. Placing a colon in between the numbers two and one for example, should be read as "a ratio of two to one". This means that the first value is twice as large as the second value. A ratio of three to two, meanwhile, means that, for every three of the first item, there are two of the second item. A good example of this can be observed if you ever tried to cook rice. Depending on the rice, the instructions might say "two parts water to one part rice", and what that means is that it doesn't matter if you're trying to cook rice for 2 people or 20 people, just knowing the ratio of 2:1 water to rice means that whatever volume of rice you have, double it to get the amount of water and you have the right amounts to start cooking.

Another difference between proportion and ratio, is that any ratio, you can choose which quantity is used as a reference. Instead of counting two parts of water for every part of rice, you could choose to express it as one part of rice for every two parts of water. It is often easier to express the biggest quantity as a relative size of the smallest, but in some context, the alternative can be preferable. Finally, the ratio is often expressed. In the simplest terms. A ratio of 4:2 is better understood if it is being expressed as 2:1.

Ratios: an example

Let's return to our playing card example. What is the ratio of diamonds to hearts? To calculate this ratio, we should first count the number of diamonds. From a previous question, we know that this number is 13. Next, let's count the second part of our ratio, which is the number of hearts. The number of hearts is equal to the number of diamonds, which is again 13. Expressed as a ratio. We have 13 to 13. However, this ratio can be simplified by dividing both sides by the same number. Here, both sides can be divided by 13, which gives us a ratio of one to one. This means that, for every diamond card in the deck, there is one heart card.

Knowledge check

Let's see if you can calculate proportions and ratios. First, what proportions of the deck is made up of queen's? Pause the video here and restart once you think you have the answer.

4 out of the 52 cards are queens. The proportion of queens in a deck is about 0.08 or 8%.

Knowledge check

Now, what is the ratio of face cards to non face cards in the deck? Pause the video now to work it out and restart once you are ready to see the full answer.

There are 4 suits, diamonds, spades, clubs and hearts. In each suit, there are 3 different types of face cards, jacks, queens and kings and 10 different types of non face cards. 4 times 3 is 12, so there are 12 face cards in the deck.4 times 10 is 40, so there are 40 non-face cards in the deck. Meaning, the ratio of face cards to non-face cards is 12:40, or more simply, for every 3 face cards, there are 10 non-face cards.

What is a rate?

Let's move on to rates. The simplest definition of a rate is that it is one quantity divided by another quantity. With that definition, both proportions and ratios could qualify as being rates. So what is the difference between rates and the other two measures? Proportions and ratios are commonly used to compare quantities that have the same unit of measurement. In the deck of cards for example, both quantities that are compared are counts representing number of cards. In a rate, the two quantities that are compared often have different units of measurements. For instance, speed is a rate: it is the distance traveled (in kilometers for instance) divided by the time it took to travel that distance (in hours). The rate would have kilometers per hour as a unit of measurement.

Calculating rates: Growth rate

(Histogram demonstrating the amount in savings account ($) on January 1st, 2018, 2019 and 2020. Respectively, the amounts are $800; $1,200 & $900)

One type of rate that is particularly useful is a growth rate. A growth rate compares the change in a measurement over a period of time to the values of the measurement at the start of the period. It is very useful to assess change over time. This figure represents the amount of money available in a savings account at the start of the years 2018, 2019 and 2020. Suppose you wanted to evaluate the change in the savings account during the year 2018. What would you do?

To calculate the growth rate of the amount of money in your savings account, first you would calculate the change that occurred during the year. You do this by taking the amount of money saved at the start of 2019, which was $1,200 , and subtracting the amount that was in the account at the start of 2018, which was $800. The difference is $400. Then, you divide this difference by the amount in the account at the start of 2018. In this case this means you would divide $400 by $800. The result is 0.5. This growth rate can then be multiplied by 100 if you want to express it as a percentage. This gives you 50%. Meaning, during 2018, the amount in your savings account increased by half the value of what you contained at the beginning of the year.

Knowledge check

(Histogram demonstrating the amount in savings account ($) on January 1st, 2018, 2019 and 2020. Respectively, the amounts are $800; $1,200 & $900)

Now it's your turn. What was the growth rate of the amount in the savings account during year 2019, that is, between January 1st, 2019 and January 1st, 2020? Pause the video now and restart when you are ready to see the full answer.

The answer is negative 0.25 or -25%, and here's why. First, we took the amount of money in the account at the start of 2020, which was $900, and subtracted the amount from the start of 2019, which was $1,200. This gave us a negative number of -$300. Then we divide that difference by the amount of the start of 2019, $1,200. Which resulted in a growth rate of -0.25 or -25%. The negative growth rate means that the amount of money in the savings account decreased in 2019. One quarter, or 25% of the initial value was lost during the year.

Comparison of proportions, ratios and rates

(Table containing the definitions of each 3 measure. The columns, from left to right, are titled as follows: Measure | Description | Conditions | Notations | Examples in Official Statistics. From the first to last line: Proportion | Part, share or number considered in comparative relation to a whole | 0, 1, or any value between 0 and 1 | Number or percentage | Proportion of Canadian population living BC; Ratio | The relative sizes of two values | Positive numbers (any value) | A:B (a ratio of A to B) or a number | Gender wage ratio; Rate | One quantity divided by another | None (negative values are allowed) | Number or percentage | Annual population growth rate)

Let's review the three measures we've covered. A proportion is a part, share or number considered in comparative relation to a whole. It can be equal to 0, 1 or any value between 0 and 1. It can be expressed as a number or percentage. One example in official statistics would be the proportion of the Canadian population who lives in a given province. A ratio is the relative size of two values. It can be used to compare two parts to another. Ratios can be made up of any positive values and are commonly expressed as two numbers separated by colon, or by a single number. An example in official statistics is the gender wage ratio, which compares earnings by gender. Finally, a rate is a more general measure in which one quantity is divided by another quantity, where both quantities don't necessarily need to have the same unit of measure. It can be equal to any value, including negative numbers. Like proportions, and it can be expressed as a number or a percentage. A well-known example is the annual population growth rate.

Knowledge check

(Table containing the population estimates, on July 1, of females and males in the canadian population between 2018-2020 in millions of people. Female : 18.7 (2018); 18.9 (2019); 19.1 (2020). Male : 18.4 (2018); 18.7 (2019); 18.9 (2020). Total : 37.1 (2018); 37.6 (2019); 38.0 (2020))

In the following slides, we will go through some example of proportions, ratios and rates from real data. Table 1 presents the demographic estimates in the middle of the year by sex for the years of 2018 and 2020. What proportion of the Canadian population was male in 2019? To find the answer, you would have to divide the number of males (18.7 million) by the total population (37.6 million). This gives us our answer: the proportion of males in the Canadian population in mid-2019 was 0.497. Multiplying by 100 will give the answer as a percentage 49.7 percent.

Now try to calculate the sex ratio, or the ratio of males to females, in the Canadian population in 2019. Pause the video and give it a try now. Looking at this table, we would say that the ratio is 18.7 million males for every 18.9 million females. However, this sounds confusing. There must be a better way to report this information! Instead, let's try expressing the ratio as a decimal number by dividing the number of males by the number of females. This gives us an answer of 0.99. In other words, in July 2019, there were 0.99 males for every female in the Canadian population. This would help your audience to understand that there were fewer males and females in the Canadian population. As well, given that this ratio is close to one, we can conclude that the gap between the number of males and females is small.

Finally, let's return to the same table to calculate the growth rate in the Canadian population between 2018 and 2019. First, you would calculate the difference in population between the two years, and then divide the difference by the population size in the earlier year, which in this case, is 2018. Multiplying this answer by 100 allows us to express this rate as a percentage. Here, we get a growth rate of 1.30%. Since the growth rate is positive, we can conclude that the Canadian population increased from 2018 to 2019.

Did you know? Rates can be used to predict the future!

(Table containing the population estimates, on July 1, of females and males in the canadian population between 2018-2020 in millions of people, as was shown in the previous slide. Female : 18.7 (2018); 18.9 (2019); 19.1 (2020). Male : 18.4 (2018); 18.7 (2019); 18.9 (2020). Total : 37.1 (2018); 37.6 (2019); 38.0 (2020))

Did you know that rates can also be used to predict the future? We can see in table 1 that the size of the Canadian population was 38 million in 2020, but if the data were not available yet, how would we be able to predict it from the 2018 and 2019 population estimates? A quick and simple way to do that would be to assume that the growth rate between 2019 and 2020 would be the same as the growth rate between 2018 and 2019. Then we would apply this rate to the 2019 population to calculate the growth rate, and add it to the 2019 population. As we saw earlier, the growth rate between 2018 and 2019 was 1.30%. Multiplying this rate by the 2019 population, 37.6 million, we get 0.5 million. This represents the predicted growth by mid-2020. Then, adding this number to the 2019 population, 37.6 million, we get 38.1 million. How did we do? The result, 38.1, is slightly larger than the real estimate of 38 million. This means that the actual growth rate between 2019 and 2020 ended up being smaller than it was in the previous year. Still, our prediction was very close.

Recap of key points

Let's recap the key points that we covered in this video. Proportions, ratios and rates are all useful for comparing numbers and can appear to be quite similar. However, a proportion is a part, share or number considered in comparative relation to a whole, while the ratio is the relative size of two values. A rate is the quantity that is divided by another quantity and all three measure have different properties. It is also interesting to note that rates ,such as the growth rates, can be useful in making predictions about the future.

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Statistics 101: Exploring measures of central tendency

Catalogue number: 892000062020002

Release date: May 3, 2021 Updated: November 25, 2021

This video is intended for learners who want to acquire a basic understanding of the concept of central tendency, what it means and some key related methods used for the exploration of data. By the end of this video, you will understand the differences between three fundamental statistical concepts. First, the mean (also known as the average), then the median and finally, the mode.

Data journey step
Explore, clean, describe
Data competency
  • Data exploration
  • Data interpretation
  • Storytelling
Audience
Basic
Suggested prerequisites
N/A
Length
12:10
Cost
Free

Watch the video

Statistics 101: Exploring measures of central tendency - Transcript

Statistics 101: Exploring measures of central tendency - Transcript

(The Statistics Canada symbol and Canada wordmark appear on screen with the title: "Statistics 101 Exploring measures of central tendency)

Statistics 101: Exploring measures of central tendency

How do we describe data in just a few simple terms? Two really important features of a data set are the location of the center or balance point and the size of the spread. Try thinking of it this way. If we were to hold the data in our hands, would they be densely concentrated in one spot like a golf ball or all over the place like cotton candy? How big of a region the data cover, or, the variability or spread of the data is called dispersion. The central tendency is where the center of the data lies. In this video we will explore the concept of central tendency to learn more about dispersion, check out the video called "Exploring measures of dispersion".

Learning goals

By the end of this video you will understand the differences between three fundamental statistical concepts. First, the mean, also known as the average. Then the median, and finally the mode. This video is intended for learners who want to acquire a basic understanding of the concept of central tendency, what it means, and some key related methods used for the exploration of data. No previous knowledge is required.

Steps of a data journey

(Text on screen: Supported by a foundation of stewardship, metadata, standards and quality)

(Diagram of the Steps of the data journey: Step 1 - define, find, gather; Step 2 - explore, clean, describe; Step 3 - analyze, model; Step 4 - tell the story. The data journey is supported by a foundation of stewardship, metadata, standards and quality.)

This diagram is a visual representation of the data journey from collecting the data to exploring, cleaning, describing and understanding the data. To analyzing the data and lastly to communicating with others the story the data tell.

Step 2: Explore, clean and describe

(Diagram of the Steps of the data journey with an emphasis on Step 2 - explore, clean, describe.)

Looking into measures of central tendency is a part of the explore, clean and describe step of the data journey.

Measure of central tendency

(Graph demonstrating a right skewed distribution where the mode is located at the summit. To the left of the summit is the median and the mean, respectively.)

To begin, what exactly does central tendency mean? Measures of central tendency describe the most representative value of the data in a single number. This is also called the balance point of a data set and is typically represented as the mean, the median and the mode. Let's see how these three measures are calculated.

The mean

The mean represents the average of all the values for one variable in a data set. The mean is established by adding up all values, then dividing that total by the number of values.

Calculating the mean

(Series of numbers that will make up the dataset where the numbers are 3, 4, 8, 5, 7, 3.)

Let's try using this data set as an example. To calculate the mean, first we sum all the values. Then we divide that sum by the number of values in the set. Here we see a data set containing six values. The sum of these six values is 30. So to calculate the mean, we divide that total of 30 by the number of values in the data set, which is 6. This leaves us with a mean or average value of 5.

It is important to note that the mean can be influenced by outliers or values that are extremely high or low compared with the rest of the values. In other words, an extremely high value in the data may cause the mean to increase to the point where it no longer represents the overall data. Notice here where the last value in the sum is 33 when on the previous slide it was three. This change could be accurate. But it could also be an error. We simply don't know. Regardless, it's important to note the effect that this outlier has on the mean. The sum of the six values is now 60, and the mean has doubled in size from 5 to 10. Therefore, it is important to check for outliers before deciding to choose the mean to measure central tendency.

The median

Another measure of central tendency is the median, which is defined as the middle value when all values are arranged in increasing order.

Calculating the median: For an odd number of values

(Series of numbers that will make up the dataset where the numbers are 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 12, 15, 21, 28, 33.)

Calculating the median when the data set has an odd number of values is straightforward. First we sort the values into increasing order. Then we count the values and find the one in the middle where half the values are above it and half below. That middle value is the median. In this example, the median is 9.

Calculating the median: For an even number of values

(Series of numbers that will make up the dataset where the numbers are 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9, 12, 15, 21, 28, 33, 35)

Next we take a look at when there is an even number of values in a data set. We place the values in order, count the values and locate the two middle numbers. The two where there is an equal number of values on either side of them. Then add those two middle values together and divide by two. In this example, we see the median is once again 9.

Extreme values and the median

(Two series of numbers that will make up the dataset where the numbers for dataset a are 5, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 9, 12, 15, 21, 28, 33 and the numbers for dataset b are 5, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 9, 12, 15, 21, 28, 333.)

A major difference between the mean and the median besides the methods to calculate and find them, is how they are influenced by extreme values. Unlike the mean, the median is not as affected by extreme values. Consider the data sets A and B, which are the same except that the largest value has been increased from 33 and A to 333 in B. Although only data set B contains an outlier, the median is still mine in both datasets, even if data set B were to contain one or two more outliers, nine would still be the median because it would remain as the middle value in the data set.

The mode

The third measure of central tendency. We'll talk about today is called the mode. The mode is the value that occurs most often in a data set. In other words, it is the most frequent data point in a data set. The mode is the simplest measure to determine. It is also not influenced by extreme values as the presence of extreme values does not change the value or values that occur most often.

Calculating the mode

(Series of numbers that will make up the dataset where the numbers are 6, 3, 9, 6, 6, 5, 9, 3.)

To find the mode, count how many times each number occurs. The number of the appears most often is the mode. Two interesting things to note about this measure of central tendency, however, are that a because the mode is the value that occurs most often in a data set. If all values have the same number of occurrences, there is no mode and B. If the highest number of occurrences is found more than once, then there is more than one mode. If that's the case, the mode may not be a good measure of central tendency.

Question

Now it's your turn. Look at the following numbers 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 4 and 5. Take a moment to determine the mean, median and mode. You'll find the answers on the next slide.

Answer

To calculate the mean, we sum the digits 1st 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 4 + 5 = 14. There are seven numbers, so the mean is 14 divided by 7 which equals 2. The median is the middle number in the data set. Conveniently, the numbers are already in numerical order. There are three 1s on the left, one 4 and 5 on the right, leaving a 1 in the middle. Therefore the median is 1. There are five 1s, but only one 4, and one 5. Therefore, the mode is also 1. A number of software packages, including Excel, have built-in functions for calculating the mean, median, and mode. The median often falls between the meat and the mode. But this is not always the case, as demonstrated by this example.

Top tips: mean, median and mode

(Note at bottom of slide which says it can be useful to look at more than one measure of central tendency.)

These tips are meant to help you decide which measure of central tendency to use in different situations. The first tip is to be aware that when the data are not numerical, such as city names, it's not possible to calculate a mean or median, so the mode may be of interest. Next, if there are extreme values in the data, the median is more representative than the mean. And finally. When there is more than one mode in a data set. The mode may not be the best measure of central tendency.

Question

(Graph demonstrating a right skewed distribution with a vertical line labelled x at the summit. To the right of the summit is a line labelled y and to the right of y, is a third line labelled z.)

For this knowledge check, let's practice our understanding of the central tendencies so far. In the graph on the right, the salaries of hockey players are displayed on the horizontal axis and the number of players is displayed on the vertical axis. In this distribution, what measures of central tendency are represented by the lines X, Y and Z?

Answer

Were you able to determine which was which? The salary that the greatest number of players earn is X. Therefore X is the mode of this distribution. The curve is not symmetrical. It has what we call a tail to the right, which means that there are a few hockey players who were in a very high salary. These values are pulling the average upwards, so Z is the mean or average value. Y is approximately where half of the players are below that value in half or above? Therefore, Y is the median?

Questions

(Same graph is used again. It demonstrates a right skewed distribution with a vertical line labelled x at the summit. To the right of the summit is a line labelled y and to the right of y, is a third line labelled z.)

Now we'll use a real world example to depict when someone might elect to use one measure of central tendency over another. Let's pretend you represent the owners of the National Hockey League. Which measure of central tendency will help you make the case that the players salaries are too high? If you were the players Union representative. Which measure of central tendency will help you make the case that player salaries are not too high? Which measure of central tendency is likely to provide the best representative of player salaries?

Answers

If you represent the owners and you think player salaries are too high, you would use the mean as it is the highest value and you would hope that no one points out that the mean can be influenced by extreme values. If you represent the players union, you would focus on the mode, which is the lowest salary. You could argue more players have this salary than any other salary. However, it would not be true to say that this value is representative of player salaries as a whole, because the mode is only the most common value, while collectively many players are much more than that salary. Here, the median is the best representation of player salaries, because half the players make more than this value and half make less.

Summary of key points

To summarize what we learned today. Central tendency is the formal term we use when we are referring to a single way of determining the center or balance point of a data set. We looked at three different ways to calculate the central tendency. The mean or average is probably the most well known. However, we learned that extreme values can influence the average. We also learned about the median or middle point where half of the values are below it in half or above. The median is less likely to be influenced by extreme values. The third measure of central tendency we learned about was the mode. Which is the most common value? It is important to remember that a data set can have more than one mode or none at all.

Further learning

To find out more about the spread or dispersion of data, check out the video called "Exploring measures of dispersion."

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Why do we conduct this survey?

Statistics Canada conducts this survey every two years to collect detailed information on water use by manufacturing, mining, and electrical power generating industries in Canada. The survey collects information on who uses water, how much, where and at what cost. These data will be used to develop environmental accounts and indicators.

The survey will ask about the following for your plant, operation and/or facility:

  • the sources of water
  • the treatment of water before it's used
  • the initial uses of water
  • the recirculation and reuse of water
  • the treatment of water before it's discharged
  • the ultimate points of water discharge
  • the monthly breakdown of water intake and discharge
  • the costs of acquiring water, maintaining and operating the water systems, and discharging water.

Data from this survey are used by all levels of government in establishing informed environmental policies. The private sector also uses this information in the corporate decision-making process.

Your information may also be used by Statistics Canada for other statistical and research purposes.

Your participation in this survey is required under the authority of the Statistics Act.

Other important information

Authorization to collect this information

Data are collected under the authority of the Statistics Act, Revised Statutes of Canada, 1985, Chapter S-19.

Confidentiality

By law, Statistics Canada is prohibited from releasing any information it collects that could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent, or as permitted by the Statistics Act. Statistics Canada will use the information from this survey for statistical purposes only.

Record linkages

To enhance the data from this survey and to reduce the reporting burden, Statistics Canada may combine the acquired data with information from other surveys or from administrative sources.

Data-sharing agreements

To reduce respondent burden, Statistics Canada has entered into data sharing agreements with provincial and territorial statistical agencies and other government organizations, which have agreed to keep the data confidential and use them only for statistical purposes. Statistics Canada will only share data from this survey with those organizations that have demonstrated a requirement to use the data.

Section 11 of the Statistics Act provides for the sharing of information with provincial and territorial statistical agencies that meet certain conditions. These agencies must have the legislative authority to collect the same information, on a mandatory basis, and the legislation must provide substantially the same provisions for confidentiality and penalties for disclosure of confidential information as the Statistics Act. Because these agencies have the legal authority to compel businesses to provide the same information, consent is not requested and businesses may not object to the sharing of the data.

For this survey, there are Section 11 agreements with the provincial and territorial statistical agencies of Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta, British Columbia, and the Yukon. The shared data will be limited to information pertaining to business establishments located within the jurisdiction of the respective province or territory.

Section 12 of the Statistics Act provides for the sharing of information with federal, provincial or territorial government organizations. Under Section 12, you may refuse to share your information with any of these organizations by writing a letter of objection to the Chief Statistician, specifying the organizations with which you do not want Statistics Canada to share your data and mailing it to the following address:

Chief Statistician of Canada
Statistics Canada
Attention of Director, Enterprise Statistics Division
150 Tunney's Pasture Driveway
Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0T6

Other sharing agreements

You may also contact us by email at statcan.esdhelpdesk-dsebureaudedepannage.statcan@statcan.gc.ca or by fax at 613-951-6583.

For this survey, there are Section 12 agreements with the statistical agencies of Prince Edward Island, the Northwest Territories and Nunavut as well as with Environment Canada.

For agreements with provincial and territorial government organizations, the shared data will be limited to information pertaining to business establishments located within the jurisdiction of the respective province or territory.

Business or organization and contact information

1. Please verify or provide the business or organization's legal and operating name and correct where needed.

Note: Legal name modifications should only be done to correct a spelling error or typo.

  • Legal Name
    • The legal name is one recognized by law, thus it is the name liable for pursuit or for debts incurred by the business or organization. In the case of a corporation, it is the legal name as fixed by its charter or the statute by which the corporation was created.
    • Modifications to the legal name should only be done to correct a spelling error or typo.
    • To indicate a legal name of another legal entity you should instead indicate it in question 3 by selecting 'Not currently operational' and then choosing the applicable reason and providing the legal name of this other entity along with any other requested information.
  • Operating Name (if applicable)
    • The operating name is a name the business or organization is commonly known as if different from its legal name. The operating name is synonymous with trade name.

2. Please verify or provide the contact information of the designated business or organization contact person for this questionnaire and correct where needed.

Note: The designated contact person is the person who should receive this questionnaire. The designated contact person may not always be the one who actually completes the questionnaire.

  • First name
  • Last name
  • Title
  • Preferred language of communication
    • English
    • French
  • Mailing address (number and street)
  • City
  • Province, territory or state
  • Postal code or ZIP code
  • Country
    • Canada
    • United States
  • Email address
  • Telephone number (including area code)
  • Extension number (if applicable)
    The maximum number of characters is 5.
  • Fax number (including area code)

3. Please verify or provide the current operational status of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

  • Operational
  • Not currently operational
    Why is this business or organization not currently operational?
    • Seasonal operations
      • When did this business or organization close for the season?
        • Date
      • When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?
        • Date
    • Ceased operations
      • When did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Date
      • Why did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Bankruptcy
        • Liquidation
        • Dissolution
        • Other - Specify the other reasons for ceased operations
    • Sold operations
      • When was this business or organization sold?
        • Date
      • What is the legal name of the buyer?
    • Amalgamated with other businesses or organizations
      • When did this business or organization amalgamate?
        • Date
      • What is the legal name of the resulting or continuing business or organization?
      • What are the legal names of the other amalgamated businesses or organizations?
    • Temporarily inactive but will re-open
      • When did this business or organization become temporarily inactive?
        • Date
      • When does this business or organization expect to resume operations?
        • Date
      • Why is this business or organization temporarily inactive?
    • No longer operating due to other reasons
      • When did this business or organization cease operations?
        • Date
      • Why did this business or organization cease operations?

4. Please verify or provide the current main activity of the business or organization identified by the legal and operating name above.

Note: The described activity was assigned using the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

Definitions and explanations

This question verifies the business or organization's current main activity as classified by the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). The North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) is an industry classification system developed by the statistical agencies of Canada, Mexico and the United States. Created against the background of the North American Free Trade Agreement, it is designed to provide common definitions of the industrial structure of the three countries and a common statistical framework to facilitate the analysis of the three economies. NAICS is based on supply-side or production-oriented principles, to ensure that industrial data, classified to NAICS, are suitable for the analysis of production-related issues such as industrial performance.

The target entity for which NAICS is designed are businesses and other organizations engaged in the production of goods and services. They include farms, incorporated and unincorporated businesses and government business enterprises. They also include government institutions and agencies engaged in the production of marketed and non-marketed services, as well as organizations such as professional associations and unions and charitable or non-profit organizations and the employees of households.

The associated NAICS should reflect those activities conducted by the business or organizational units targeted by this questionnaire only, as identified in the 'Answering this questionnaire' section and which can be identified by the specified legal and operating name. The main activity is the activity which most defines the targeted business or organization's main purpose or reason for existence. For a business or organization that is for-profit, it is normally the activity that generates the majority of the revenue for the entity.

The NAICS classification contains a limited number of activity classifications; the associated classification might be applicable for this business or organization even if it is not exactly how you would describe this business or organization's main activity.

Please note that any modifications to the main activity through your response to this question might not necessarily be reflected prior to the transmitting of subsequent questionnaires and as a result they may not contain this updated information.

The following is the detailed description including any applicable examples or exclusions for the classification currently associated with this business or organization.

Description and examples

  • This is the current main activity.
  • This is not the current main activity.
    Please provide a brief but precise description of this business or organization's main activity.
    e.g., breakfast cereal manufacturing, shoe store, software development

Main activity

5. You indicated that is not the current main activity. Was this business or organization's main activity ever classified as: {specified activity}?

  • Yes
  • No
    When did the main activity change?
    Date

6. Please search and select the industry classification code that best corresponds to this business or organization's main activity.

Select this business or organization's activity sector (optional)

  • Farming or logging operation
  • Construction company or general contractor
  • Manufacturer
  • Wholesaler
  • Retailer
  • Provider of passenger or freight transportation
  • Provider of investment, savings or insurance products
  • Real estate agency, real estate brokerage or leasing company
  • Provider of professional, scientific or technical services
  • Provider of health care or social services
  • Restaurant, bar, hotel, motel or other lodging establishment
  • Other sector

7. You have indicated that the current main activity of this business or organization is: {specified activity}. Are there any other activities that contribute significantly (at least 10%) to this business or organization's revenue?

  • Yes, there are other activities.
  • No, that is the only significant activity.
    Please provide a brief but precise description of this business or organization's secondary activity.
    e.g., breakfast cereal manufacturing, shoe store, software development

8. Approximately what percentage of this business or organization's revenue is generated by each of the following activities?

When precise figures are not available, please provide your best estimates.

Approximately what percentage of this business or organization's revenue is generated by each of the following activities?
Table summary
This table contains no data. It is an example of an empty data table used by respondents to provide data to Statistics Canada.
  Percentage of revenue
Main activity  
Secondary activity  
All other activities  
Total percentage  

General Information

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section gathers general information about the plant/operation/facility.
  • Directives
    • It is not uncommon for the operating situation and water consumption of a plant/operation/facility to change in a calendar year, for example, due to the seasonal nature of the operation, a temporary shutdown, or closure for renovations. If water was consumed at the plant/operation/facility during 20xx, even during a temporary closure, select “Yes” and specify the month the plant/operation/facility was in operation.
  • Glossary
    • In operation: For the purpose of this survey, the “in operation” category includes days when the plant/operation/facility is temporarily closed, but water has been consumed in some way (e.g., water consumption for sanitary services, such as toilets or cleaning, or for cooling, condensation and steam, industrial water, or pollution control).
    • Sanitary service or domestic use: Water used for such purposes as drinking, personal food preparation, flushing toilets, washing clothing and dishes, bathing and watering lawns and gardens.
    • Cooling, condensing and steam: This is water which does not come in direct contact with the products, materials or by-products of the processing operation. Include pass-through water used in the operation of cooling or process equipment (including air conditioning) and water introduced into boilers for the production of steam for either process operations or electric power.
    • Process water: This is water that serves in any level of the manufacturing process. Include all water which comes in direct contact with products and/or materials, water used in the sanitation of process equipment, water consumed in milling and special processes, water included in final output and water originally used for another purpose but now in final use as process water.

Important reminder for this questionnaire:
When asked in this questionnaire to provide information about the plant/operation/facility, please refer to the customized description of the plant location provided in the electronic questionnaire.

Reporting period:
For the purpose of this survey, all reported information should be for the calendar year from January 1, 20xx to December 31, 20xx.

Reporting instructions:

  • when exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate
  • if the water volume is zero, please enter '0' in the corresponding box.

1. Was this plant/operation/facility in operation at least one day during the 20xx calendar year?

For the purpose of this survey, "in operation" includes plants/operations/facilities that are temporarily closed but there was some form of water use
e.g., water for sanitary services like toilets and janitorial services, water use for cooling, condensing and steam, process water or pollution control.

Definitions and explanations
  • General information
    • This section collects general information about the plant/operation/facility
  • Instructions
    • It is not uncommon for the operational status and water use of a plant/operation/facility to change during a calendar year, for example, due to the seasonal nature of the operation, a temporary stop in production, or closure for refurbishment. If there was any water use at the plant/operation/facility during 20xx, even during a period of temporary closure, select "Yes" and specify the month(s) where the plant/operation/facility was operational.
  • Glossary
    • Operate: For the purpose of this survey, "in operation" includes days where the plant/operation/facility is temporarily closed but there was some form of water use (e.g., water for sanitary services like toilets and janitorial services, water use for cooling, condensing and steam, process water or pollution control).
  • Yes
  • No

All months

  • January
  • February
  • March
  • April
  • May
  • June
  • July
  • August
  • September
  • October
  • November
  • December

2. Was the plant/operation/facility specified below located in {the specified operating province} during the 20xx calendar year? (For Fossil-Fuel and Nuclear Electric Power Generating Plants, and Mineral Extraction Industries.)

If the plant/operation/facility was situated in more than one location during 20xx, please report the province or territory for the last location of the plant/operation/facility in the 20xx calendar year.

This information is being confirmed to ensure the reported figures contribute to the correct provincial or territorial estimates.

Definitions and explanations
  • Instructions
    • It is possible that the address on file for the location of plant/operation/facility is incorrect or that the plant/operation/facility moved during 20xx. If the plant/operation/facility was situated in more than one location during 20xx, the question should report the province or territory for the last location of the plant/operation/facility in 20xx.
  • Yes
  • No

In which province or territory was the plant/operation/facility last located?

  • Newfoundland and Labrador
  • Prince Edward Island
  • Nova Scotia
  • New Brunswick
  • Quebec
  • Ontario
  • Manitoba
  • Saskatchewan
  • Alberta
  • British Columbia
  • Yukon
  • Northwest Territories
  • Nunavut

3. Was {the specified postal code} the postal code for the location specified below during the 20xx calendar year? (For Manufacturing Industries.)

If the plant/operation/facility was situated in more than one location during 20xx, please report the postal code for the last location of the plant/operation/facility in the 20xx calendar year.

This information is being confirmed to ensure the reported figures contribute to the estimates for the correct drainage region.

Definitions and explanations
  • Instructions
    • It is possible that the address on file for the location of plant/operation/facility is incorrect or that the plant/operation/facility moved during 20xx
      e.g., the relocation of a manufacturing facility. If the plant/operation/facility was situated in more than one location during 20xx, the question should report the postal code for the last location of the plant/operation/facility in 20xx.
  • Glossary
    • Drainage region: For the purpose of the Industrial Water Survey a drainage region is one of 25 geographic units, covering all of Canada. Each drainage region is based on a drainage basin, or a grouping of drainage basins, which represent an area of land that generally drains to the streams and rivers that make up the hydrological network of Canada.
  • Yes
  • No

What was the postal code?
Example: A9A 9A9

Postal code

4. In 20xx, what was the average number of people working on the premises of this plant/operation/facility in full-time equivalents (FTE)?

Include permanent, contract and casual employees that work on the premises.

Employment may be full-time or part-time, FTE converts part-time jobs to full-time jobs based on the hours worked. For example, if out of four employees employed at your plant/operation/facility, one works full-time and the remaining three work the equivalent of half of a full time job, then: FTE employment = 1 + ½ + ½ + ½ = 2.5.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • Instructions
    • Include permanent, contract, casual, unionized and non-unionized employees that work at the plant/operation/facility specified below.
  • Glossary
    • Full-time equivalent (FTE) employment: FTE employment represents the number of full-time equivalent (FTE) jobs. Since employment may by full-time or part-time, FTE converts part-time jobs to full-time jobs based on the hours worked. For example, two part-time jobs of twenty hours per week would be equivalent to one full-time job at forty hours per week.
    • Example calculation: If out of four employees employed at the plant/operation/facility, one works full-time and the remaining three work the equivalent of half of a full time job, then: FTE employment = 1 + ½ + ½ + ½ = 2.5.

Number of people
e.g., 2.5

5. How many days did this plant/operation/facility operate in 20xx?

For the purpose of this survey, "in operation" includes plants/operations/facilities that are temporarily closed but there was some form of water use
e.g., water for sanitary services like toilets and janitorial services, water use for cooling, condensing and steam, process water or pollution control.

For the purpose of this survey, "days" refers to calendar days.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • Instructions
    • Do not consider the hours of operation when reporting the number of calendar days this plant/operation/facility operated in 20xx. For example, a plant/operation/facility that operates for 24 hours in a calendar day and a plant/operation/facility that operates for 1 hour in a calendar day, are both considered 1 day of operation.
  • Glossary
    • Operate: For the purpose of this survey, "in operation" includes days where the plant/operation/facility is temporarily closed but there was some form of water use (e.g., water for sanitary services like toilets and janitorial services, water use for cooling, condensing and steam, process water or pollution control).

Days

6. How many weeks did this plant/operation/facility operate in 20xx?

For the purpose of this survey, "in operation" includes plants/operations/facilities that are temporarily closed but there was some form of water use
e.g., water for sanitary services like toilets and janitorial services, water use for cooling, condensing and steam, process water or pollution control.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • Glossary
    • Operate: For the purpose of this survey, "in operation" includes weeks where the plant/operation/facility is temporarily closed but there was some form of water use (e.g., water for sanitary services like toilets and janitorial services, water use for cooling, condensing and steam, process water or pollution control).

Weeks

7. On average, how many days per week did this plant/operation/facility operate in 20xx?

For the purpose of this survey, "days" refers to calendar days.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • Instructions
    • Do not consider the hours of operation when reporting the average number of calendar days per week this plant/operation/facility operated in 20xx. For example, a plant/operation/facility that operates for 24 hours in a calendar day and a plant/operation/facility that operates for 1 hour in a calendar day, are both considered 1 day of operation.
  • Glossary
    • Operate: For the purpose of this survey, "in operation" includes days where the plant/operation/facility is temporarily closed but there was some form of water use (e.g., water for sanitary services like toilets and janitorial services, water use for cooling, condensing and steam, process water or pollution control).

Days per week

8. On average, how many hours did this plant/operation/facility operate in a day in 20xx?

For the purpose of this survey, "days" refers to calendar days.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • Glossary
    • Operate: For the purpose of this survey, "in operation" includes days where the plant/operation/facility is temporarily closed but there was some form of water use (e.g., water for sanitary services like toilets and janitorial services, water use for cooling, condensing and steam, process water or pollution control).

Hours

Unit of measure

Definitions and explanations
  • Instructions
    • If you select a multiple of a unit of measure as your reporting unit, please take care to enter the correct decimal values or number of zeros when reporting water volumes in this questionnaire. For example, if thousands of imperial gallons is specified as the unit of measure, note that a reported quantity of 3.5 = 3,500 (3.5 thousand) imperial gallons, whereas a reported quantity of 3,500 = 3,500,000 (3.5 million) imperial gallons.

9. What unit of measure will be used to report water volumes throughout this questionnaire?

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section gathers the unit of measure used to report water volumes throughout this questionnaire.
  • Instructions
    • If more than one unit of measure is used by the plant/operation/facility, select one unit of measure and convert all volumes from the other units of measure into the selected one.
      • Cubic metres, or a multiple of cubic metres
      • Litres, or a multiple of litres
      • Imperial gallons, or a multiple of imperial gallons
      • US gallons, or a multiple of US gallons
      • Cubic feet, or a multiple of cubic feet

Select the multiple of cubic metres you will use to report water volumes throughout this questionnaire.

  • Cubic metres (m³)
  • Tens of cubic metres (10 m³)
  • Hundreds of cubic metres (100 m³)
  • Thousands of cubic metres (1,000 m³)
  • Millions of cubic metres (1,000,000 m³)

Select the multiple of litres you will use to report water volumes throughout this questionnaire.

  • Litres (L)
  • Hundreds of litres (100 L)
  • Thousands of litres (1,000 L)
  • Millions of litres (1,000,000 L)
  • Hectolitres (hL)
  • Kilolitres (kL)
  • Megalitres (ML)

Select the multiple of imperial gallons you will use to report water volumes throughout this questionnaire.

  • Imperial gallons (imp. gal.)
  • Hundreds of imperial gallons (100 imp. gal.)
  • Thousands of imperial gallons (1,000 imp. gal.)
  • Millions of imperial gallons (1,000,000 imp. gal.)

Select the multiple of US gallons you will use to report water volumes throughout this questionnaire.

  • US gallons (US gal.)
  • Hundreds of US gallons (100 US gal.)
  • Thousands of US gallons (1,000 US gal.)
  • Millions of US gallons (1,000,000 US gal.)
  • Select the multiple of cubic feet you will use to report water volumes throughout this questionnaire.
  • Cubic feet (cu. ft.)
  • Tens of cubic feet (10 cu. ft.)
  • Hundreds of cubic feet (100 cu. ft.)

Water intake by source and type

Important information: Water intake is new water that is introduced into this plant/operation/facility for the first time regardless of source or quality. For example:

  • water intake for sanitary or domestic use
    e.g., flushing toilets, drinking or watering lawns and gardens
  • water supplied from an adjacent industry
  • self-supplied water
    e.g., river, well, ocean or rain and storm run-off water which is diverted into storage ponds or holding facilities for later use by the plant/operation/facility
  • water pumped to de-water a mine or quarry which is diverted into storage ponds or holding facilities for later use by the operation.

Exclude:

  • Water pumped to de-water a mine or quarry only to allow operations to continue, i.e., water is not stored for later use by the operation
  • Water intake for the purpose of supplying water to adjacent or tenant industries or municipalities
  • water contained in other liquid products brought into the plant/operation/facility
    e.g., paints, beverages
  • bottled drinking water.

10. In 20xx, which of the following types and sources of intake water were used?

Select all that apply.

Definitions and explanations
  • Glossary
    • Water source: The location or place from which intake water is obtained.
    • Water intake: Water introduced for the first time into the plant/operation/facility regardless of source or quality.
    • Water type (intake): For the purposes of this survey, there are two types of intake water: freshwater and saline / brackish water.
    • Freshwater: Fresh water, with an average of 900 parts per million (PPM, sometimes also reported in mg/L) or less of total dissolved solids, has a very low mineral or foreign-body content. Include water from public utilities, water from wells and springs (unless saline) and water from lakes, streams and rivers.
    • Saline / brackish (salt) water: Saline water, with an average of more than 900 PPM of total dissolved solids, is also called 'salt', 'brackish' or 'sea' water. The most common sources are oceans or seas and their estuaries, however, salt water can also be found in water on or near salt flats, as is the case in Alberta, where it is not uncommon for oil and gas wells to encounter saline water while drilling.
    • Public utility: A system of drawing, treating and distributing water to residences and business facilities within the municipality. A fee is usually charged, based on the volume of water intake.
    • Self-supplied surface water system: The plant/operation/facility draws water from a lake, river, pond or stream through their own system of pumps, pipes, hoses, etc. (Surface water: water found above ground).
    • Self-supplied groundwater: The plant/operation/facility draws water from a well or spring through their own system of pumps, pipes, hoses, etc. (Groundwater: water found underground, in the saturated zone below the water table).
    • Self-supplied tide water: The plant/operation/facility draws water from the ocean (including ocean bays or estuaries) through their own system of pumps, pipes, hoses, etc.
    • Other water sources: While uncommon, other sources include truck deliveries of water from a private supplier (either bulk or bottled), rain water (both cisterns and storm run-off holding tanks) and glacial / snow-melt run-off water. Exclude bottled water intended for personal consumption.

Freshwater

For the purpose of this survey, freshwater contains an average of 900 parts per million (ppm) or less of total dissolved solids.

  • Public utility
    i.e., a municipal or city system of drawing, treating and distributing water
  • Self-supplied surface water system
    e.g., lake, river
  • Self-supplied groundwater system
    e.g., well, spring
  • Other freshwater sources
    e.g., delivery of water from a private supplier, an adjacent industry, rain water, run-off water.
    Exclude bottled water intended for personal consumption.
    • Specify other freshwater sources.

Saline or brackish water

For the purpose of this survey, saline or brackish water contains an average of more than 900 parts per million (ppm) of total dissolved solids.

  • Self-supplied groundwater system
    e.g., well, spring
  • Self-supplied tide water (salt water) body
    e.g., estuary, bay, ocean
  • Other saline or brackish water sources
    e.g., delivery of water from a private supplier, an adjacent industry
    • Specify other saline or brackish water sources.

11. Please report the volume of intake water for the following types and sources.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Please report the volume of intake water for the following types and sources.
Table summary
This table contains no data. It is an example of an empty data table used by respondents to provide data to Statistics Canada.
  20xx volume of intake water
Freshwater  
Public utility  
Self-supplied surface water system  
Self-supplied groundwater system  
Other freshwater sources  
Subtotal volume of freshwater intake in 20xx  
Saline or brackish water  
Self-supplied groundwater system  
Self-supplied tide water (salt water) body  
Other saline or brackish sources  
Subtotal volume of saline or brackish water intake in 20xx  
Total volume of intake water in 20xx  

Treatment of intake water

12. In 20xx, which methods did this plant/operation/facility use to treat any intake water prior to its initial use?

It is possible to have a treatment that applies to more than one treatment category
e.g., a substance for scale control, which deals with both alkalinity and corrosion. In such instances, all applicable treatment types should be selected.

Select all that apply.

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section collects information about specific treatments to intake water in preparation for use. The treatment of used water in preparation for discharge is reported later in the questionnaire and grouped by more general treatment categories.
    • Treatment of self-supplied intake water is often required before it can be used, whether for sanitary / domestic purposes or as process water. Treatment is required less often for intake water supplied by a public utility.
    • Some facilities treat all of their intake water (e.g., screening of intake water at the source); others treat only a portion of it, for specific uses.
  • Instructions
    • Include third-party water treatment - where intake water is routed to a treatment facility that belongs to a separate company (whether same or different ownership as the surveyed plant/operation/facility). Exclude the treatment of water by a public utility before it is introduced to the plant/operation/facility for the first time, and the treatment of used water, waste water or effluent.
    • It is possible to have a multi-purpose chemical treatment that applies to more than one treatment category (e.g., a substance for scale control, which deals with both alkalinity and corrosion). In such instances, all applicable treatment types should be selected.
    • Treatment for specific conditions not listed here (e.g., sludge, scale, etc.) should be categorized in this section according to the type of treatment used.
  • Glossary
    • Public utility: A system of drawing, treating and distributing water to residences and business facilities within the municipality. A fee is usually charged, based on the volume of water intake.
    • Screening: In the screening process, water is passed through a screen barrier that removes larger pieces of solid matter from the water. Include the bulk screening of intake water at the source.
    • Filtration: In the filtration process, water is passed through a filter barrier (membrane, sand, charcoal, etc.) that removes smaller particles of solid matter from the water.
      In many industrial operations, filtration and screening systems can be very similar. The defining difference is in the size of the particles removed by the process; filtered particles are much smaller than screened particles.
      Common purposes: de-chlorination (beverage industry).
    • Chlorination and disinfection: In this process, chlorine and/or other disinfectants (e.g., calcium hypo-chlorite) are added to the water.
      Common purposes: sterilization, control of zebra mussels
    • Corrosion and slime control: It is vital for heat exchange equipment to be kept free of insulating deposits that promote high energy consumption.
      The four principal sources of these deposits in the case of water cooled systems are: scale, corrosion, biological growths and sludge (these factors have a direct effect on equipment life)
      Application: heat exchange equipment
    • Alkalinity control: A chemical treatment to attain a specifically-required pH level.
      Application: cooling towers, boilers
      Hardness or water softening: The removal of calcium and magnesium from water to reduce hardness.
      Application: cooling towers, boiler feed water
      Hardness treatment can also involve the addition of minerals to correct for water that is too soft for its intended purpose.
      Can apply to: Breweries
    • Coagulation or flocculation: Coagulation is the de-stabilisation of colloid particles by the addition of a reactive chemical, called a coagulant. This happens through neutralization of the charges.
      Flocculation is the accumulation of the de-stabilized particles and micro-flakes, and subsequently, the formation of sizeable flakes. One must add another chemical, called a flocculent, in order to facilitate the formation of flakes called flocs. These combined processes serve to absorb unwanted particles in order to easily remove them from the water.
      Used in: beverage industry
    • Other category of treatment: Only treatments not listed above should be listed here; they must be specified.
      Other treatments can include: electrolysis, anaerobic, chelation, desalination (usually accomplished by reverse osmosis & distillation), etc.
  • Screening
    The removal of larger pieces of solid matter from water using a screen barrier. Includes the bulk screening of intake water at the source.
  • Filtration
    The removal of smaller pieces of solid matter from water using a filter barrier.
  • Chlorination - disinfection
    The addition of chlorine or other disinfectants to water.
  • Corrosion and slime control
    Includes the control of scale, corrosion, biological growth and sludge.
  • Alkalinity control
    The chemical treatment of water to attain required pH level.
  • Hardness or water softening
    The removal of calcium and magnesium from water to reduce hardness.
  • Coagulation or flocculation
    The absorption of particles in order to easily remove them from water.
  • Other category of treatment - Item 1
    Other treatments include electrolysis, de-salination etc.
    Specify other category of treatment - Item 1
  • Other category of treatment - Item 2
    Other treatments include electrolysis, de-salination etc.
    Specify other category of treatment - Item 2
  • Other category of treatment - Item 3
    Other treatments include electrolysis, de-salination etc.
    Specify other category of treatment - Item 3
  • No treatment applied to intake water

13. Please report the volume of intake water treated within this plant/operation/facility prior to initial use for the following methods of treatment.

Exclude the treatment of used water, waste water or effluent. If a given volume of water undergoes more than one treatment, please report the volume of water for each type of treatment.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Please report the volume of intake water treated within this plant/operation/facility prior to initial use for the following methods of treatment.
Table summary
This table contains no data. It is an example of an empty data table used by respondents to provide data to Statistics Canada.
  20xx volume of intake water treated
Screening  
Filtration  
Chlorination - disinfection  
Corrosion and slime control  
Alkalinity control  
Hardness or water softening  
Coagulation or flocculation  
Other category of treatment - Item 1  
Other category of treatment - Item 2  
Other category of treatment - Item 3  

Water intake by initial use

14. Of the total volume of water taken in by this plant/operation/facility in 20xx, what were the initial uses of intake water?

Exclude recirculated or reused water, i.e., water that leaves a particular subsystem and re-enters it or is used in another subsystem.

Select all that apply.

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section categorizes the volume of intake water according to its initial use.
  • Instructions
    • Water for initial use outside of the listed categories should be reported using the Other purpose or use - specify response category and a description should be provided.
    • Exclude recirculated or reused water except water originally used for another purpose but now in use as process water.
  • Glossary
    • Process water: This is water that serves in any level of the manufacturing process. Include all water which comes in direct contact with products and/or materials, water used in the sanitation of process equipment, water consumed in milling and special processes, water included in final output and water originally used for another purpose but now in final use as process water.
    • Cooling, condensing and steam: This is water which does not come in direct contact with the products, materials or by-products of the processing operation. Include pass-through water used in the operation of cooling or process equipment (including air conditioning) and water introduced into boilers for the production of steam for either process operations or electric power.
    • Sanitary service or domestic use: Water used for such purposes as drinking, personal food preparation, flushing toilets, washing clothing and dishes, bathing and watering lawns and gardens.
    • Other purpose or use: Volumes for other purposes or uses, though unlikely, should be reported here, with the type of use clearly specified. Exclude water pumped by the plant/operation/facility, and intended for initial use outside the plant/operation/facility.
    • Recirculated or reused water: Water used more than once at the plant/operation/facility; applies mainly to cooling and processing activities. It only refers to water that leaves a particular subsystem and is then recirculated or reused in the same sub-system, or used in a different subsystem. Exclude, closed-loop systems.
    • Closed-loop systems: Cooling systems where water is withdrawn from a source, circulated through heat exchangers, then cooled and recycled. Subsequent water withdrawals are used to replace water lost to evaporation, blow-down, drift, leakage and, accordingly, results in a much smaller return flow than once-through cooling.
  • Process water (For Mineral Extraction Industries and Manufacturing Industries.)
    i.e., water that serves in any level of the mining/manufacturing process
    Include water which:
    • comes in direct contact with products and/or materials
    • is used in the sanitation of process equipment
    • is consumed in milling and special processes
    • is included in final output
    • has been used for another purpose, and is undergoing its final use as process water.
  • Cooling, condensing and steam
    i.e., water which does not come in direct contact with the products, materials or by-products of the processing operation
    Include:
    • pass-through water used in the operation of cooling or process equipment (including air conditioning)
    • water introduced into boilers for the production of steam for either process operations or electric power.
  • Pollution control (For Fossil-Fuel and Nuclear Electric Power Generating Plants.)
    i.e., any process that inhibits or reduces the production of pollutants during the course of power generation
    e.g., wet flue gas de-sulphurization
  • Sanitary service or domestic use
    i.e., water used for toilets, janitorial services, lawn watering, washing of vehicles
  • Other purpose or use - Item 1
    Exclude water pumped by the plant/operation/facility, and intended for initial use outside the plant/operation/facility.
    Specify other purpose or use - Item 1
  • Other purpose or use - Item 2
    Exclude water pumped by the plant/operation/facility, and intended for initial use outside the plant/operation/facility.
    Specify other purpose or use - Item 2
  • Other purpose or use - Item 3
    Exclude water pumped by the plant/operation/facility, and intended for initial use outside the plant/operation/facility.
    Specify other purpose or use - Item 3

15. Please report the volumes of intake water by initial use.

Exclude recirculated or reused water, i.e., water that leaves a particular subsystem and re-enters it or is used in another subsystem.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Please report the volumes of intake water by initial use.
Table summary
This table contains no data. It is an example of an empty data table used by respondents to provide data to Statistics Canada.
  20xx volume of intake water by use
Process water (For Mineral Extraction Industries and Manufacturing Industries.)  
Cooling, condensing and steam  
Pollution control (For Fossil-Fuel and Nuclear Electric Power Generating Plants.)  
Sanitary service or domestic use  
Other purpose or use - Item 1  
Other purpose or use - Item 2  
Other purpose or use - Item 3  
Total volume of intake water by initial use in 20xx  

16. Of the total volume of intake water for process in 20xx, what volume of water was consumed or lost? (For Mineral Extraction Industries.)

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section categorizes the volume of intake water according to its initial use.
  • Instructions
    • The volume of process water consumed or lost should be less than or equal to the volume of process water reported.
  • Glossary
    • Process water: This is water that serves in any level of the manufacturing process. Include all water which comes in direct contact with products and/or materials, water used in the sanitation of process equipment, water consumed in milling and special processes, water included in final output and water originally used for another purpose but now in final use as process water.
    • Water consumed or lost (not returned to its original source): The difference between the total quantity of water withdrawn from a source for any use and the quantity of water returned to the source; e.g., the release of water into the atmosphere; the consumption of water by humans and the incorporation of water into the products of industrial or food processing.

17. Of the total volume of intake water for cooling, condensing or steam production in 20xx, what volume of water was consumed or lost? (For Mineral Extraction Industries.)

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section categorizes the volume of intake water according to its initial use.
  • Instructions
    • The volume of cooling, condensing or steam water consumed or lost should be less than the volume of cooling, condensing or steam water reported.
  • Glossary
    • Cooling, condensing and steam: This is water which does not come in direct contact with the products, materials or by-products of the processing operation. Include pass-through water used in the operation of cooling or process equipment (including air conditioning) and water introduced into boilers for the production of steam for either process operations or electric power.
    • Water consumed or lost (not returned to its original source): The difference between the total quantity of water withdrawn from a source for any use and the quantity of water returned to the source; e.g., the release of water into the atmosphere; the consumption of water by humans, and the incorporation of water into the products of industrial or food processing.

18. Of the total volume of water taken in by this operation in 20xx, what volume of intake water was used as injected water or steam in the secondary recovery of oil or natural gas? (For Mineral Extraction Industries.)

For the purpose of this survey, "secondary recovery" refers to the process of enhancing oil and natural gas recovery by injecting water or steam to maintain or increase fluid pressure in order to displace the oil and gas, forcing it to the surface, and facilitate its flow through heating.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section categorizes the volume of intake water according to its initial use.
  • Glossary
    • Secondary recovery: For the purpose of this survey, "secondary recovery" refers to the process of enhancing oil and natural gas recovery by injecting water or steam to maintain or increase fluid pressure in order to displace oil and gas, forcing it to the surface, and facilitate its flow through heating.

Water recirculation or reuse by purpose

19. Excluding closed-loop systems, what were the purposes for recirculating or reusing water at this plant/operation/facility in 20xx?

Recirculated or reused water refers to water used more than once in your plant/operation/facility. It is water that leaves a sub-system and is then recirculated or reused in the same sub-system, or used in a different sub-system. It does not refer to water that circulates many times within the same sub-system i.e., it excludes closed-loop systems.

For this survey, a closed-loop system refers to cooling systems where water is withdrawn from a source, circulated through heat exchangers, then cooled and recycled. Subsequent water withdrawals are used to replace water lost to evaporation, blow-down, drift, leakage and, accordingly, results in a much smaller return flow than once-through cooling.

Select all that apply.

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section determines whether the facility recirculates or reuses water and, if so, the purpose and quantity.
  • Instructions
    • The same water may be recirculated many times, e.g., water discharged to a cooling pond and then reused. Every time that volume of water is reused it should be counted.
  • Glossary
    • Recirculated or reused water: Water used more than once at the plant/operation/facility; applies mainly to cooling and processing activities. It only refers to water that leaves a particular subsystem and is then recirculated or reused in the same sub-system, or used in a different subsystem. Exclude, closed-loop systems.
    • Closed-loop systems: Cooling systems where water is withdrawn from a source, circulated through heat exchangers, then cooled and recycled. Subsequent water withdrawals are used to replace water lost to evaporation, blow-down, drift, leakage and, accordingly, results in a much smaller return flow than once-through cooling.
    • Process water: This is water that serves in any level of the manufacturing process. Include all water which comes in direct contact with products and/or materials, water used in the sanitation of process equipment, water consumed in milling and special processes, water included in final output and water originally used for another purpose but now in final use as process water.
    • Cooling, condensing and steam: This is water which does not come in direct contact with the products, materials or by-products of the processing operation. Include pass-through water used in the operation of cooling or process equipment (including air conditioning) and water introduced into boilers for the production of steam for either process operations or electric power.
    • Other purpose or use: Volumes for other purposes or uses, though unlikely, should be reported here, with the type of use clearly specified.
  • Process water (For Mineral Extraction Industries, and Manufacturing Industries.)
    i.e., water that serves in any level of the mining/manufacturing process
    Include water which:
    • comes in direct contact with products and/or materials
    • is used in the sanitation of process equipment
    • is consumed in milling and special processes
    • is included in final output
    • has been used for another purpose, and is undergoing its final use as process water.
  • Cooling, condensing, and steam
    i.e., water which does not come in direct contact with the products, materials or by-products of the processing operation
    Include:
    • pass-through water used in the operation of cooling or process equipment (including air conditioning)
    • water introduced into boilers for the production of steam for either process operations or electric power.
  • Pollution control (For Fossil-Fuel and Nuclear Electric Power Generating Plants.)
    i.e., any process that inhibits or reduces the production of pollutants during the course of power generation
    e.g., wet flue gas de-sulphurization
  • Other purpose or use
    Specify other purpose or use.
  • No water recirculation or reuse

20. Please report the volumes of water recirculated or reused by purpose. Every time a volume of water is recirculated or reused it should be counted.

Recirculated or reused water refers to water used more than once in your plant/operation/facility. It is water that leaves a sub-system and is then recirculated or reused in the same sub-system, or used in a different sub-system. It does not refer to water that circulates many times within the same sub-system i.e., it excludes closed-loop systems.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Please report the volumes of water recirculated or reused by purpose.
Table summary
This table contains no data. It is an example of an empty data table used by respondents to provide data to Statistics Canada.
  20xx volume of water recirculated or reused
Process water (For Mineral Extraction Industries, and Manufacturing Industries.)  
Cooling, condensing and steam  
Pollution control (For Fossil-Fuel and Nuclear Electric Power Generating Plants.)  
Other purpose or use  
Total volume of water recirculated or reused in 20xx  

21. Does this operation have a tailings pond? (For Mineral Extraction Industries)

A tailings pond is an excavated pit that forms an open lagoon where liquid effluent or wastewater from the processing of ore is held.

Definitions and explanations
  • Glossary
    • Tailings pond: An excavated pit that forms an open lagoon where liquid effluent or wastewater from the processing of ore is held. Solids are allowed to settle and sink to the bottom. Proper management is required to ensure that dust from dried tailings and seepage into groundwater does not become a problem.
  • Yes
  • No

Please report the volume of water recirculated or reused from the tailings ponds in 20xx.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

22. Does this operation inject water into an oil bearing formation? (For Mineral Extraction Industries)

For this survey, "oil bearing formation" refers to a geological formation that produces or contains oil.

Definitions and explanations
  • Glossary
    • Oil bearing formation: For this survey, "oil bearing formation" refers to a geological formation that produces or contains oil.
    • Geological formation: any assemblage of rocks which have some character in common, whether of origin, age, or composition.
  • Yes
  • No

Please report the volume of water injected in 20xx.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Water discharge

Important information: Water discharge is water that is routed to its final point of discharge beyond the control of the plant/operation/facility. For example:

  • water discharge for sanitary or domestic use
    e.g., water used for flushing toilets
  • water discharge to a river, septic system, ocean, tailings pond, etc.
  • water pumped to de-water a mine or quarry only to allow operations to continue, i.e., water is not stored for later use by the operation

Exclude:

  • water pumped to de-water a mine or quarry which is diverted into storage ponds or holding facilities for later use by the operation
  • water released into plant/operation/facility-owned holding tanks, settling tanks, ponds, lagoons or basins and intended for recirculation or reuse e.g., rain and storm run-off water
  • water permanently held in open or closed storage
  • water lost in production through evaporation or otherwise consumed e.g., included in a final product or slurry
  • water discharge for the purpose of supplying water to adjacent or tenant industries or municipalities
  • water injected into deep-hole disposal wells if this water is considered irretrievable

Final points of water discharge

23. Of the water discharged by this plant/operation/facility in 20xx, what were the final points of water discharge?

Select all that apply.

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section determines the proportion of used (or surplus) water that is treated, and that which is untreated, in preparation for discharge. Information is gathered concerning the volumes and destinations of discharged water, classified by broad category (primary, secondary and tertiary) of treatment (unlike the Treatment of intake water section, which asks about specific treatments to intake water in preparation for use).
  • Glossary
    • Water discharge: Water that is routed to its final point of discharge beyond the control of the plant/operation/facility, whether or not it was treated or used.
    • Final point of discharge: The final location at which the used or surplus water is released by the plant/operation/facility. This is the point at which the water ceases to be under the control of the plant/operation/facility.
    • Public sewer system discharge: The discharge of water into a municipal or city system which is used to capture, treat and discharge sewage.
    • Surface freshwater bodies discharge: The discharge of water into surface water bodies such as streams, creeks, rivers, ponds and lakes.
    • Tide water (ocean) discharge: The discharge of water into salt-water bodies such as estuaries, oceans or seas.
    • Ground water discharge: The discharge of water into ground water such as a well or septic system, and discharge directly to the ground. Include water discharged for watering lawns and gardens.
    • Tailings ponds discharge: The discharge of water into an excavated pit that forms an open lagoon where liquid effluent or wastewater from the processing of ore is held.
    • Injected to producing formations: The discharge of water into that part of the mine where mineral extraction occurs.
    • Other discharge points: Any point of discharge not encompassed by the previous categories.
    • Septic system: For the purpose of this survey, a septic system refers to an individual waste water treatment system, typically used in rural settings where a public sewer system is not available. Solids are typically separated from waste water and decompse in a tank while the water flows into a leaching or drain field where it percolates through gravel and soil before entering the ground water.
    • No treatment: The water that is discharged without treatment after use.
    • Primary or mechanical treatment: The physical removal of large suspended, floating and precipitated solids from untreated wastewater using grates, screens and/or settling tanks.
    • Secondary or biological treatment: The removal or reduction of effluent contaminants from primary wastewater treatment through the promotion of bacterial growth and other microbes that break down organic waste.
    • Tertiary or advanced treatment: Advanced cleaning of wastewater that goes beyond the secondary or biological stage, removing nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, and most biological oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids through biological or chemical processes.
  • Public sewage system
    i.e., a municipal or city system of capturing, treating and discharging sewage
  • Surface freshwater bodies
    i.e., lake, river
  • Tide water (ocean)
    i.e., estuary, bay, ocean
  • Groundwater
    i.e., well, spring, septic system, or discharge directly to the ground
  • Tailings ponds (For Mineral Extraction Industries)
    i.e., excavated pit that forms an open lagoon where liquid effluent of wastewater from the processing of ore is held
  • Injected to producing formations (For Mineral Extraction Industries)
    i.e., pumping of water into that part of the mine where mineral extraction occurs
  • Other point of discharge
    i.e., any point of discharge not encompassed by the previous categories
    Specify other point of discharge

Treatment and water discharge

24. Please report the volumes of water according to their final point of discharge and most advanced treatment process used at this plant/operation/facility.

For water that is subjected to more than one type (primary, secondary or tertiary) of treatment in preparation for discharge, please report those volumes only at the most advanced treatment process that is applied; in other words, please do not double-report treated water volumes.

Treatment type:

  • no treatment: the water that is discharged without treatment after use
  • primary / mechanical treatment: the physical removal of large suspended, floating and precipitated solids from untreated wastewater using grates, screens and/or settling tanks
  • secondary / biological treatment: the removal or reduction of effluent contaminants from primary wastewater treatment through the promotion of bacterial growth and other microbes that break down organic waste
  • tertiary / advanced treatment: advanced cleaning of wastewater that goes beyond the secondary or biological stage, removing nutrients such as phosphorus, nitrogen, and most DOB and suspended solids through biological or chemical processes.

If the water volume is zero, please enter '0' in the corresponding box.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Please report the volumes of water according to their final point of discharge and most advanced treatment process used at this plant/operation/facility.
Table summary
This table contains no data. It is an example of an empty data table used by respondents to provide data to Statistics Canada.
  No treatment Primary or mechanical Secondary or biological Tertiary or advanced
Public sewage system        
Surface freshwater bodies        
Tide water (ocean)        
Groundwater        
Tailings ponds (For Mineral Extraction Industries)        
Injected to producing formations (For Mineral Extraction Industries)        
Other point of discharge        
Subtotal volume of discharge water        
Total volume of discharge water in 20xx        

Monthly water intake and discharge

25. In 20xx, what was the monthly water intake and discharge for this plant/operation/facility?

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section gathers the volume of all water that enters and leaves the plant/operation/facility on a monthly basis.
    • Normally, though not always, discharge is less than or equal to intake. In mines, however, discharge can be greater than intake due to the encroachment of groundwater which must periodically be pumped out to allow operations to continue.
  • Instructions
    • It is not uncommon for public utilities to bill their customers on a basis that differs from the standard calendar month, for example, January 4 to February 3. Volumes from a January 4 to February 3 period would be acceptable as a 'January' entry.
    • Similarly, if billed bi-monthly (bill covers a 2-month period), or quarterly, simply divide the volume equally among the months covered by that billing period.
    • Please ensure that all intake and discharge water is accounted for and that the sum equals the total intake and total discharge water volumes reported at questions 11 and 24 respectively.
  • Glossary
    • Water intake: Water introduced for the first time into the plant/operation/facility regardless of source or quality.
    • Water discharge: Water that is routed to its final point of discharge beyond the control of the plant/operation/facility, whether or not it was treated or used.
In 20xx, what was the monthly water intake and discharge for this plant/operation/facility?
Table summary
This table contains no data. It is an example of an empty data table used by respondents to provide data to Statistics Canada.
  Volume of water intake Volume of water discharge
January    
February    
March    
April    
May    
June    
July    
August    
September    
October    
November    
December    
Total volume in 20xx    

26. Of the total volume discharged by this operation in 20xx, what volume originated as mine water (water that was pumped from the mine to allow operations to continue)? (Mineral Extraction Industries)

Mine water can come from more than one source e.g., rain and storm run-off, ground water.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • Instructions
    • In mines, discharge, can be greater than intake due to the encroachment of water which must periodically by pumped out to allow operations to continue. If discharge includes volumes from de-watering the mine, enter that volume here.
  • Glossary
    • Mine water: Water which must periodically be pumped out of a mine to allow operations to continue.

27. Please indicate the reasons why the total discharge volume is greater than the total intake volume (Fossil Fuel and Nuclear Electric Power Generating Stations and Manufacturing Industries).

Reason

Water costs

Important reminder for this questionnaire: When asked in this questionnaire to provide information about the plant/operation/facility, please refer to the customized description of the plant location provided in the electronic questionnaire. Reporting period: For the purpose of this survey, all reported information should be for the calendar year from January 1, 20xx to December 31 20xx.

Reporting instructions:

  • when exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate
  • report all dollar amounts in Canadian dollars
  • if the cost is zero, please enter '0' in the corresponding box.

28. Please report this plant/operation/facility's 20xx water acquisition costs.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section gathers information on the cost of water acquisition.
  • Instructions
    • Please report in Canadian dollars.
    • Ideally, the payment to a public utility should include only the portion for water and exclude any sewer charges but, if the water-only cost cannot be determined (e.g., it is included in your rent), and the reported public utility payment includes both water and sewer charges, please answer YES at question 29.
  • Glossary
    • Annual intake licence(s), permit(s) and royalty(ies): Water is a Crown-owned resource in Canada, and provincial and territorial ministries of natural resources manage its use. Each province and territory has its own legislation. The requirement for a water licence, permit or royalty varies between industries and between provinces/territories.
Please report this plant/operation/facility's 20xx water acquisition costs.
Table summary
This table contains no data. It is an example of an empty data table used by respondents to provide data to Statistics Canada.
  20xx cost in CAN$
Payment to public utility  
Annual intake licences, permits and royalties  
Payment for purchase of water from another operator and/or industrial supplier  

29. Does the payment to a public utility reported at question 28 include a sewer surcharge?

If no sewer surcharge was reported please select "Not applicable".

Sewer surcharge refers to the payment to a public utility for the ongoing maintenance and operation of sewer infrastructure and the treatment and discharge of water to a public sewage system.

  • Yes
  • No
  • Not applicable

30. Please report the total 20xx, operating and maintenance cost for this plant/operation/facility's water systems. Include the material, labour and energy costs incurred to operate and maintain your water systems.

Consider the systems at your plant/operation/facility which:

  • bring in water
  • treat intake water
  • recirculate and reuse water
  • treat discharge water.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section gathers information on the cost to operate and maintain the water systems.
  • Instructions
    • Please report in Canadian dollars.
    • Include only material, labour and energy costs incurred to operate and maintain the plant/operation/facility's water systems.
  • Glossary
    • Operating and maintenance costs - water intake: The ordinary expenses of operating and maintaining the facilities, machinery or equipment (e.g., pumps) to bring water into the plant/operation/facility.
    • Operating and maintenance costs - intake water treatment: The ordinary expenses of operating and maintaining the facilities, machinery or equipment to treat water before it can be used in the plant/operation/facility.
    • Operating and maintenance costs - water recirculation and reuse: The ordinary expenses of operating and maintaining the facilities, machinery or equipment needed to recirculate or reuse water in the plant/operation/facility.
    • Operating and maintenance costs - discharge water treatment: The ordinary expenses of operating and maintaining the facilities, machinery or equipment to treat water before it is discharged by the plant/operation/facility.

Total cost in CAN$

31. Of the total operating and maintenance costs reported at question 30, what were the 20xx operating and maintenance costs for the following water systems?

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Of the total operating and maintenance costs reported at question 30, what were the 20xx operating and maintenance costs for the following water systems?
Table summary
This table contains no data. It is an example of an empty data table used by respondents to provide data to Statistics Canada.
  20xx cost in CAN$
Intake water acquisition  
Intake water treatment  
Water recirculation and reuse  
Discharge water treatment  
Total operating and maintenance costs in 20xx  

Other details

32. In 20xx, what were this plant/operation/facility's capital expenditures on water intake, discharge or treatment facilities?

Include all relevant outlays for machinery and equipment purchases, and their installation, as well as for construction related to water intake, discharge and treatment i.e., called capital spending, capital outlay or capital expense.

Exclude operating and maintenance costs.

For example, the most common capital expenditures include:

  • purchase and/or installation of new equipment
  • purchase of new machinery or transportation equipment
  • creation of a new well or ground water installation.

When exact figures are not available, please provide your best estimate.

Definitions and explanations
  • General
    • This section gathers information on the other information about the plant/operation/facility.
  • Instructions
    • Only those capital expenditures that apply to water intake, discharge or treatment facilities should be included.
  • Glossary
    • Capital expenditures: Money spent to add, expand or upgrade physical assets such as property, buildings, machinery and equipment (with the expectation that they will benefit the company over a period of more than one year).

Capital expenditures in CAN$

33. In 20xx, please report the amount of electricity produced at this plant for the following. (For Fossil-Fuel and Nuclear Electric Power Generating Plants.)

In 20xx, please report the amount of electricity produced at this plant for the following. (For Fossil-Fuel and Nuclear Electric Power Generating Plants.)
Table summary
This table contains no data. It is an example of an empty data table used by respondents to provide data to Statistics Canada.
  20xx amount of electricity produced (MWh)
Net generation  
Station service  

34. In 20xx, what was the gross electrical generation capacity of this plant? (For Fossil-Fuel and Nuclear Electric Power Generating Plants.)

i.e., the maximum power capability of the generating system or system capacity

Changes or events

1. Please provide a brief, precise description of any changes or events that affected the reported water or cost values for this plant/operation/facility compared with the last reporting period. Describe these changes or events

e.g., expansion, temporary shutdown, closures, changes to water monitoring or the production process

Describe these changes or events

Contact person

1. Statistics Canada may need to contact the person who completed this questionnaire for further information. Is {specified name or title} the best person to contact?

  • Yes
  • No

Who is the best person to contact about this questionnaire?

  • First name
  • Last name
  • Title
  • Email address
  • Telephone number (including area code)
  • Extension number (if applicable)
    The maximum number of characters is 5.
  • Fax number (including area code)

Feedback

1. How long did it take to complete this questionnaire?

Include the time spent gathering the necessary information.

  • Hours
  • Minutes

2. We invite your comments about this questionnaire.

Enter your comments

What We Heard Report, NAICS Canada 2022 Consultation

Release date: April 20, 2021 (Previous notice)

Introduction

The consultation in question was related to the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Canada revision for 2022. The revised classification will be NAICS Canada 2022 Version 1.0.

NAICS Canada is Statistics Canada's primary classifications for industries and is widely used throughout business programs at Statistics Canada, in academia, and in business.

Statistics Canada updates NAICS Canada on a 5-year revision cycle. The next revisions to this classification is scheduled to be released in January, 2022.

The purpose of the consultation was to solicit input from users of NAICS Canada on revisions for the classification. These revisions may include any element of the classification including the structure of the classification, wording of definitions, and examples and exclusions attached to classes. The input of business, government, academia and private citizens in updating NAICS Canada is valued so that it meets the needs of users.

This report summarizes the feedback received from the consultation. The consultation process and period is described below.

Consultation overview

The purpose of the consultation was to solicit comments from data producers and users, representatives of business associations, government bodies at the federal, provincial and local levels, academics and researchers and all other interested parties to submit proposals for the revision to NAICS Canada. The revised version will be called NAICS Canada 2022 Version 1.0. User input is highly valued by Statistics Canada in updating NAICS Canada so that it continues to meet user needs.

The consultation was conducted electronically through public announcements that described the upcoming NAICS Canada revision, listed the types of inputs sought, provided a timeline for the consultation and gave contact information for users to make submissions and contact Statistics Canada with questions and comments. The announcements were disseminated through the Statistics Canada's website (Consulting Canadians and DDSM), and Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, and Reddit, as well as GCConnex.

The type of feedback requested included any proposed changes to NAICS Canada and how they classify industries. These might be changes to the structure of the classification (i.e. addition of classes or deletion of classes), changes to the wording of definitions, and changes to examples, inclusion and exclusions.

Interested parties were invited to submit written proposals to Statistics Canada. The official public consultation period started in November 2019 and closed at the end of June 2020.

Statistics Canada received responses by e-mail. These responses consisted of written descriptions of the desired changed to NAICS Canada for 2022, including structures, definitions, examples, inclusions, and exclusions.

Summary of Feedback

Staff from the Centre for Statistical and Data Standards (formerly Office of Privacy Management and Information Coordination) at Statistics Canada managed the responses to the public consultation announcement. These responses were all received by e-mail.

For NAICS Canada 2022, we received proposals from 6 different parties. This included 1 provincial government statistical agency, two federal government departments, 1 federal government agency, 1 provincial agency, and 1 non-profit association. The issues identified in the external proposals included a large number of requests for changes to examples covering a broad range of NAICS classes (none requiring structural changes to NAICS), requests for changes to an array of occupations within NAICS, structural changes to agricultural classes to provide more detailed classes, and changes to the treatment of non-profit organizations. In addition to these external requests there were about 140 internal requests for changes to NAICS that included structural changes to the NAICS governing Internet retail and Internet broadcasting, as well as numerous non-structural changes affecting definitions, examples, inclusions, and exclusions in a large number of NAICS classes.

Next steps

Statistics Canada is still in the process of reviewing proposals for NAICS Canada 2022. It is expected that this work will be completed by the beginning of April 2021. A public notice containing the final approved proposal for changes will be available by June 2021. NAICS Canada 2022 Version 1.0 will be released in January 2022.

What We Heard Report, NAPCS Canada 2022 Consultation

Release date: April 20, 2021 (Previous notice)

Introduction

The consultation in question was related to the North American Product Classification System (NAPCS) Canada revisions for 2022. The revised classification will be NAPCS Canada 2022 Version 1.0.

NAPCS Canada is Statistics Canada's primary classification for products and is widely used throughout business programs at Statistics Canada, in academia, and in business.

Statistics Canada updates NAPCS Canada on a 5-year revision cycle. The next revisions to this classifications are scheduled to be released in February, 2022.

The purpose of the consultation was to solicit input from users of NAPCS Canada on revisions for the classifications. These revisions may include any element of the classifications including the structure of the classification, wording of definitions, and examples and exclusions attached to classes. The input of business, government, academia and private citizens in updating NAPCS Canada users is valued so that they meet the needs of users.

This report summarizes the feedback received from the consultation. The consultation process and period is described below.

Consultation overview

The purpose of the consultation was to solicit comments from data producers and users, representatives of business associations, government bodies at the federal, provincial and local levels, academics and researchers and all other interested parties to submit proposals for the revision to NAPCS Canada. The revised version will be called NAPCS Canada 2022 Version 1.0. User input is highly valued by Statistics Canada in updating NAPCS Canada so that it continues to meet user needs.

The consultation was conducted electronically through public announcements that described the upcoming NAPCS Canada revisions, listed the types of inputs sought, provided a timeline for the consultation and gave contact information for users to make submissions and contact Statistics Canada with questions and comments. The announcements were disseminated through the Statistics Canada's website (Consulting Canadians and DDSM), and Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, and Reddit, as well as GCConnex.

The type of feedback requested included any proposed changes to NAPCS Canada and how they classify products. These might be changes to the structure of the classification (i.e. addition of classes or deletion of classes), changes to the wording of definitions, and changes to examples, inclusion and exclusions.

Interested parties were invited to submit written proposals to Statistics Canada. The official public consultation period started in November 2019 and closed at the end of June 2020.

Statistics Canada received responses by e-mail. These responses consisted of written descriptions of the desired changed to NAPCS Canada for 2022, including structures, definitions, examples, inclusions, and exclusions.

Summary of Feedback

Staff from the Centre for Statistical and Data Standards (formerly Office of Privacy Management and Information Coordination) at Statistics Canada managed the responses to the public consultation announcement. These responses were all received by e-mail.

Among all the proposals received for NAPCS Canada 2022, all requests for changes were submitted by various statistical programs within Statistics Canada, none was received from external parties. This was not unexpected since NAPCS Canada is growing yet still not widely used outside of Statistics Canada.

Of the changes received internally for NAPCS Canada, there were about 170 issues identified. Most of them are small changes, such as changes to examples. The larger issues included updating cannabis products to reflect regulations, cloud computing services, building and infrastructure products, electric vehicles, recycled and biodegradable plastics, electronic cigarettes and research and development services.

Next steps

Statistics Canada is still in the process of reviewing proposals for NAPCS Canada 2022. It is expected that this work will be completed by June 2021. A public notice containing the final approved proposal for changes will be available by August 2021. NAPCS Canada 2022 Version 1.0 will be released in February 2022.

Integrated Business Statistics Program (IBSP)

Reporting Guide

This guide is designed to assist you as you complete the 2020 Annual Survey of Research and Development in Canadian Industry – Industrial Non-Profit Organizations. If you need more information, please call the Statistics Canada Help Line at the number below.

Help Line: 1-877-949-9492

Your answers are confidential.

Statistics Canada is prohibited by law from releasing any information it collects which could identify any person, business, or organization, unless consent has been given by the respondent or as permitted by the Statistics Act.

Statistics Canada will use information from this survey for statistical purposes.

NOTE:

  1. If this organization performs in-house research and development (R&D) and outsources R&D, complete all questions.
  2. If this organization performs in-house (R&D) and does not outsource R&D, complete questions 1-6, 9-22.
  3. If this organization outsources (R&D) and does not perform in-house R&D, complete questions 1-4, 6-8, 13, 17-22.
  4. If this organization does not perform in-house (R&D) and does not outsource R&D, complete questions 1-4, 6, 13, 17, 18 & 20-22.

For this survey

'In-house R&D' refers to

Expenditures within Canada for R&D performed within this organization by:

  • employees (permanent, temporary or casual)
  • self-employed individuals or contractors who are working on-site on this organization's R&D projects.

'Outsourced R&D' refers to

Payments made within or outside Canada to other organizations, businesses or individuals to fund R&D performance:

  • grants
  • fellowships
  • contracts.

Reporting period information

Here are some examples of common fiscal periods that fall within the targeted dates:

  • May 1, 2019 to April 30, 2020
  • July 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020
  • October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020
  • January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020
  • February 1, 2020 to January 31, 2021
  • April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021

Here are other examples of fiscal periods that fall within the required dates:

  • September 18, 2019 to September 15, 2020 (e.g., floating year-end)
  • June 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 (e.g., a newly opened organization)

Definitions and Concepts

Research and experimental development (R&D) comprise creative and systematic work undertaken in order to increase the stock of knowledge – including knowledge of humankind, culture and society – and to devise new applications of available knowledge.

R&D is performed in the natural sciences, engineering, social sciences and humanities. There are three types of R&D activities: basic research, applied research and experimental development.

Activities included and excluded from R&D

Inclusions

Prototypes

Include design, construction and operation of prototypes, provided that the primary objective is to make further improvements or to undertake technical testing. Exclude if the prototype is for commercial purposes.

Pilot plants

Include construction and operation of pilot plants, provided that the primary objective is to make further improvements or to undertake technical testing. Exclude if the pilot plant is intended to be operated for commercial purposes.

New computer software or significant improvements/modifications to existing computer software

Includes technological or scientific advances in theoretical computer sciences; operating systems e.g., improvement in interface management, developing new operating system or converting an existing operating system to a significantly different hardware environment; programming languages; and applications if a significant technological change occurs.

Contracts

Include all contracts which require R&D. For contracts which include other work, report only the R&D costs.

Research work in the social sciences

Include if projects are employing new or significantly different modelling techniques or developing new formulae, analyzing data not previously available or applying new research techniques, development of community strategies for disease prevention, or health education.

Exclude:

  • routine analytical projects using standard techniques and existing data
  • routine market research
  • routine statistical analysis intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

Exclusions

Routine analysis in the social sciences including policy-related studies, management studies and efficiency studies

Exclude analytical projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies, principles and models of the related social sciences to bear on a particular problem (e.g., commentary on the probable economic effects of a change in the tax structure, using existing economic data; use of standard techniques in applied psychology to select and classify industrial and military personnel, students, etc., and to test children with reading or other disabilities).

Consumer surveys, advertising, market research

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for commercialization of the results of R&D.

Routine quality control and testing

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies not intended to create new knowledge, even if carried out by personnel normally engaged in R&D.

Pre-production activities such as demonstration of commercial viability, tooling up, trial production, and trouble shooting

Although R&D may be required as a result of these steps, these activities are excluded.

Prospecting, exploratory drilling, development of mines, oil or gas wells

Include only if for R&D projects concerned with new equipment or techniques in these activities, such as in-situ and tertiary recovery research.

Engineering

Exclude engineering unless it is in direct support of R&D.

Design and drawing

Exclude design and drawing unless it is in direct support of R&D.

Patent and license work

Exclude all administrative and legal work connected with patents and licenses.

Cosmetic modifications or style changes to existing products

Exclude if no significant technical improvement or modification to the existing products has occurred.

General purpose or routine data collection

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

Routine computer programming, systems maintenance or software application

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended to support on-going operations.

Routine mathematical or statistical analysis or operations analysis

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

Activities associated with standards compliance

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended to support standards compliance.

Specialized routine medical care such as routine pathology services

Exclude projects of a routine nature, with established methodologies intended for on-going monitoring of an activity.

In-house R&D expenditures within Canada (Q5 – Q8)

In-house R&D expenditures are composed of current in-house R&D expenditures and capital in-house R&D expenditures.

Current in-house R&D expenditures

Include:

  • wages, salaries, benefits and fringe benefits, materials and supplies
  • services to support R&D, including on-site R&D consultants and contactors
  • necessary background literature
  • minor scientific equipment
  • associated administrative overhead costs.

a. Wages, salaries of permanent, temporary and casual R&D employees

Include benefits and fringe benefits of employees engaged in R&D activities. Benefits and fringe benefits include bonus payments, holiday or vacation pay, pension fund contributions, other social security payments, payroll taxes, etc.

b. Services to support R&D

Include:

  • payments to on-site R&D consultants and contractors working under the direct control of your organization
  • other services including indirect services purchased to support in-house R&D such as security, storage, repair, maintenance and use of buildings and equipment
  • computer services, software licensing fees and dissemination of R&D findings.

c. R&D materials

Include:

  • water, fuel, gas and electricity
  • materials for creation of prototypes
  • reference materials (books, journals, etc.)
  • subscriptions to libraries and data bases, memberships to scientific societies, etc.
  • cost of outsourced (contracted out or granted) small R&D prototypes or R&D models
  • materials for laboratories (chemicals, animals, etc.)
  • all other R&D-related materials.

d. All other current R&D costs including overhead

Include administrative and overhead costs (e.g., office, post and telecommunications, internet, insurance), prorated if necessary to allow for non-R&D activities within the organization.

Exclude:

  • interest charges
  • value-added taxes (goods and services tax (GST) or harmonized sales tax (HST)).

Capital in-house R&D expenditures

Capital in-house R&D expenditures are the annual gross amount paid for the acquisition of fixed assets that are used repeatedly, or continuously in the performance of R&D for more than one year. Report capital in-house R&D expenditures in full for the period when they occurred.

Include costs for software, land, buildings and structures, equipment, machinery and other capital costs.

Exclude capital depreciation.

e. Software

Include applications and systems software (original, customized and off-the-shelf software), supporting documentation and other software-related acquisitions.

f. Land acquired for R&D including testing grounds, sites for laboratories and pilot plants.

g. Buildings and structures that are constructed or purchased for R&D activities or that have undergone major improvements, modifications, renovations and repairs for R&D activities.

h. Equipment, machinery and all other capital

Include major equipment, machinery and instruments, including embedded software, acquired for R&D activities.

Outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D expenditures (Q9 – Q12)

Include payments made through contracts, grants donations and fellowships to another company, organization or individual to purchase or fund R&D activities.

Exclude expenditures for on-site R&D contractors.

  1. Companies include all incorporated for-profit businesses and government business enterprises providing products in the market at market rates.
  2. Private non-profit organizations include voluntary health organizations, private philanthropic foundations, associations and societies and research institutes. They are not-for-profit organizations that serve the public interest by supporting activities related to public welfare (such as health, education, the environment).
  3. Industrial research institutes or associations include all non-profit organizations that serve the business sector, with industrial associations frequently consisting of their membership.
  4. Federal government includes all federal government departments and agencies. It excludes federal government business enterprises providing products in the market.
  5. Provincial or territorial governments include all provincial or territorial government ministries, departments and agencies. It excludes provincial or territorial government business enterprises providing products in the market.
  6. Provincial or territorial research organizations are organizations created under provincial or territorial law which conduct or facilitate research on behalf of the province or territory.
  7. Other organizations – individuals, non-university educational institutions, foreign governments including ministries, departments and agencies of foreign governments.

Sources of funds for in-house R&D expenditures in 2020 (Q17)

Include Canadian and foreign sources.

Exclude:

  • payments for outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D, which should be reported in question 10
  • capital depreciation.
  1. Funds from this organization

    Amount contributed by this organization to R&D performed within Canada (include interest payments and other income, land, buildings, machinery and equipment (capital expenditures) purchased for R&D).

  2. Funds from member companies or affiliates

    Amount received from member organizations and affiliated organizations used to perform R&D within Canada (include annual fees and sustaining grants, land, buildings, machinery and equipment (capital expenditures) purchased for R&D).

  3. Federal government grants or funding

    Funds received from the federal government in support of R&D activities not connected to a specific contractual deliverable.

  4. Federal government contracts

    Funds received from the federal government in support of R&D activities connected to a specific contractual deliverable.

  5. R&D contract work for companies

    Funds received from companies to perform R&D on their behalf.

  6. Provincial or territorial government grants or funding

    Funds received from the provincial or territorial government in support of R&D activities not connected to a specific contractual deliverable.

  7. Provincial or territorial government contracts

    Funds received from the provincial or territorial government in support of R&D activities connected to a specific contractual deliverable.

  8. R&D contract work for private non-profit organizations

    Funds received from non-profit organizations to perform R&D on their behalf.

  9. Other sources

    Funds received from all other sources not previously classified.

Fields of R&D for in-house R&D expenditures within Canada in 2020 (Q19)

Exclude:

  • payments for outsourced (contracted out or granted) R&D, which should be reported in question 10
  • capital depreciation.

Natural and formal sciences

Mathematics, physical sciences, chemical sciences, earth and related environmental sciences, biological sciences, other natural sciences.

Exclude computer sciences, information sciences and bioinformatics (to be reported at lines s. and t).

  1. Mathematics: pure mathematics, applied mathematics, statistics and probability.
  2. Physical sciences: atomic, molecular and chemical physics, interaction with radiation, magnetic resonances, condensed matter physics, solid state physics and superconductivity, particles and fields physics, nuclear physics, fluids and plasma physics (including surface physics), optics (including laser optics and quantum optics), acoustics, astronomy (including astrophysics, space science).
  3. Chemical sciences: organic chemistry, inorganic and nuclear chemistry, physical chemistry, polymer science and plastics, electrochemistry (dry cells, batteries, fuel cells, metal corrosion, electrolysis), colloid chemistry, analytical chemistry.
  4. Earth and related environmental sciences: geosciences, geophysics, mineralogy and palaeontology, geochemistry and geophysics, physical geography, geology and volcanology, environmental sciences, meteorology, atmospheric sciences and climatic research, oceanography, hydrology and water resources.
  5. Biological sciences: cell biology, microbiology and virology, biochemistry, molecular biology and biochemical research, mycology, biophysics, genetics and heredity (medical genetics under medical biotechnology), reproductive biology (medical aspects under medical biotechnology), developmental biology, plant sciences and botany, zoology, ornithology, entomology and behavioural sciences biology, marine biology, freshwater biology and limnology, ecology and biodiversity conservation, biology (theoretical, thermal, cryobiology, biological rhythm), evolutionary biology.
  6. Other natural sciences: other natural sciences.

Engineering and Technology

Civil engineering, electrical engineering, electronic engineering and communications technology, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, materials engineering, medical engineering, environmental engineering, environmental biotechnology, industrial biotechnology, nanotechnology, other engineering and technologies.

Exclude software engineering and technology (to be reported at line r).

  1. Civil engineering: civil engineering, architecture engineering, municipal and structural engineering, transport engineering.
  2. Electrical engineering, electronic engineering and communications technology: electrical and electronic engineering, robotics and automatic control, micro-electronics, semiconductors, automation and control systems, communication engineering and systems, telecommunications, computer hardware and architecture.
  3. Mechanical engineering: mechanical engineering, applied mechanics, thermodynamics, aerospace engineering, nuclear-related engineering (nuclear physics under Physical sciences), acoustical engineering, reliability analysis and non-destructive testing, automotive and transportation engineering and manufacturing, tooling, machinery and equipment engineering and manufacturing, heating, ventilation and air conditioning engineering and manufacturing.
  4. Chemical engineering: chemical engineering (plants, products), chemical process engineering.
  5. Materials engineering: materials engineering and metallurgy, ceramics, coating and films (including packaging and printing), plastics, rubber and composites (including laminates and reinforced plastics), paper and wood and textiles, construction materials (organic and inorganic).
  6. Medical engineering: medical and biomedical engineering, medical laboratory technology (excluding biomaterials, which should be reported under Industrial biotechnology).
  7. Environmental engineering: environmental and geological engineering, petroleum engineering (fuel, oils), energy and fuels, remote sensing, mining and mineral processing, marine engineering, sea vessels and ocean engineering.
  8. Environmental biotechnology: environmental biotechnology, bioremediation, diagnostic biotechnologies in environmental management (DNA chips and bio-sensing devices).
  9. Industrial biotechnology: industrial biotechnology, bioprocessing technologies, biocatalysis and fermentation bioproducts (products that are manufactured using biological material as feedstock), biomaterials (bioplastics, biofuels, bioderived bulk and fine chemicals, bio-derived materials).
  10. Nanotechnology: nano-materials (production and properties), nano-processes (applications on nano-scale).
  11. Other engineering and technologies: food and beverages, oenology, other engineering and technologies.

Software-related sciences and technology

Software engineering and technology, computer sciences, information technology and bioinformatics.

  1. Software engineering and technology: computer software engineering, computer software technology, and other related computer software engineering and technologies.
  2. Computer sciences: computer science, artificial intelligence, cryptography, and other related computer sciences.
  3. Information technology and bioinformatics: information technology, informatics, bioinformatics, biomathematics, and other related information technologies.

Medical and health sciences

Basic medicine, clinical medicine, health sciences, medical biotechnology, other medical sciences.

  1. Basic medicine: anatomy and morphology (plant science under Biological science), human genetics, immunology, neurosciences, pharmacology and pharmacy and medicinal chemistry, toxicology, physiology and cytology, pathology.
  2. Clinical medicine: andrology, obstetrics and gynaecology, paediatrics, cardiac and cardiovascular systems, haematology, anaesthesiology, orthopaedics, radiology and nuclear medicine, dentistry, oral surgery and medicine, dermatology, venereal diseases and allergy, rheumatology, endocrinology and metabolism and gastroenterology, urology and nephrology, and oncology.
  3. Health sciences: health care sciences and nursing, nutrition and dietetics, parasitology, infectious diseases and epidemiology, occupational health.
  4. Medical biotechnology: health-related biotechnology, technologies involving the manipulation of cells, tissues, organs or the whole organism, technologies involving identifying the functioning of DNA, proteins and enzymes, pharmacogenomics, gene-based therapeutics, biomaterials (related to medical implants, devices, sensors).
  5. Other medical sciences: forensic science, other medical sciences.

Agricultural Sciences

Agriculture, forestry and fisheries sciences, animal and dairy sciences, veterinary sciences, agricultural biotechnology, other agricultural sciences.

  1. Agriculture, forestry and fisheries sciences: agriculture, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, soil science, horticulture, viticulture, agronomy, plant breeding and plant protection.
  2. Animal and dairy sciences: animal and dairy science, animal husbandry.
  3. Veterinary sciences: veterinary science (all).
  4. Agricultural biotechnology: agricultural biotechnology and food biotechnology, genetically modified (GM) organism technology and livestock cloning, diagnostics (DNA chips and biosensing devices), biomass feedstock production technologies and biopharming.
  5. Other agricultural sciences: other agricultural sciences.

Social sciences and humanities

Psychology, educational sciences, economics and business, other social sciences, humanities.

  1. Psychology: cognitive psychology and psycholinguistics, experimental psychology, psychometrics and quantitative psychology, and other fields of psychology.
  2. Educational sciences: education, training and other related educational sciences.
  3. Economics and business: micro-economics, macro-economics, econometrics, labour economics, financial economics, business economics, entrepreneurial and business administration, management and operations, management sciences, finance and all other related fields of economics and business
  4. Other social sciences: anthropology (social and cultural) and ethnology, demography, geography (human, economic and social), planning (town, city and country), management, organization and methods (excluding market research unless new methods/techniques are developed), law, linguistics, political sciences, sociology, miscellaneous social sciences and interdisciplinary, and methodological and historical science and technology activities relating to subjects in this group.
  5. Humanities: history (history, prehistory and history, together with auxiliary historical disciplines such as archaeology, numismatics, palaeography, genealogy, etc.), languages and literature (ancient and modern), other humanities (philosophy (including the history of science and technology)), arts (history of art, art criticism, painting, sculpture, musicology, dramatic art excluding artistic "research" of any kind), religion, theology, other fields and subjects pertaining to the humanities, and methodological, historical and other science and technology activities relating to the subjects in this group.

In-house R&D personnel in 2020 (Q71 - Q73)

R&D personnel

Include:

  • permanent, temporary and casual R&D employees
  • independent on-site R&D consultants and contractors working in your organization's offices, laboratories, or other facilities
  • employees engaged in R&D-related support activities.

Researchers and research managers are composed of:

  1. Scientists, social scientists, engineers and researchers are professionals engaged in the conception or creation of new knowledge. They conduct research and improve or develop concepts, theories, models, techniques instrumentation, software or operational methods. They may be certified by provincial or territorial educational authorities, provincial, territorial or national scientific or engineering associations.
  2. Senior research managers plan or manage R&D projects and programs. They may be certified by provincial or territorial educational authorities, provincial, territorial or national scientific or engineering associations.

R&D technical, administrative and support staff are composed of:

  1. Technicians and technologists and research assistants are persons whose main tasks require technical knowledge and experience in one or more fields of engineering, the physical and life sciences, or the social sciences, humanities and the arts. They participate in R&D by performing scientific and technical tasks involving the application of concepts, operational methods and the use of research equipment, normally under the supervision of researchers. They may be certified by provincial or territorial educational authorities, provincial, territorial or national scientific or engineering associations.
  2. Other R&D technical, administrative support staff include skilled and unskilled craftsmen, and administrative, secretarial and clerical staff participating in R&D projects or directly associated with such projects.

On-site R&D consultants and contractors are individuals hired 1) to perform project-based work or to provide goods at a fixed or ascertained price or within a certain time or 2) to provide advice or services in a specialized field for a fee and, in both cases, work at the location specified and controlled by the contracting company or organization.

Full-time equivalent (FTE)

R&D may be carried out by persons who work solely on R&D projects or by persons who devote only part of their time to R&D, and the balance to other activities such as testing, quality control and production engineering. To arrive at the total effort devoted to R&D in terms of personnel, it is necessary to estimate the full-time equivalent of these persons working only part-time in R&D.

FTE (full-time equivalent): Number of persons who work solely on R&D projects + the time of persons working only part of their time on R&D.

Example calculation: If out of four scientists engaged in R&D work, one works solely on R&D projects and the remaining three devote only one quarter of their working time to R&D, then: FTE = 1 + 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4 = 1.75 scientists.

Technology and technical assistant payments in 2020 (Q74 - Q76)

Definitions (equivalent to the Canadian Intellectual Property Office: Canadian Intellectual Property Office)

  1. Patent

    Government grant giving the right to exclude others from making, using or selling an invention.

  2. Copyright

    Legal protection for literary, artistic, dramatic or musical works, computer programs, performer's performances, sound recordings, and communication signals.

  3. Trademark

    A word, symbol or design, or combination of these, used to distinguish goods or services of one person or organization from those of others in the marketplace.

  4. Industrial design

    Legal protection against imitation of the shape, pattern, or ornamentation of an object.

  5. Integrated circuit topography

    Three-dimensional configurations of the elements and interconnections embodied in an integrated circuit product.

  6. Original software

    Computer programs and descriptive materials for both systems and applications. Original software can be created in-house or outsourced and includes packaged software with customization.

  7. Packaged or off-the-shelf software

    Packaged software purchased for organizational use and excludes software with customization.

  8. Databases

    Data files organized to permit effective access and use of the data.

  9. Other

    Technical assistance, industrial processes and know-how.

Energy-related R&D by area of technology (Q23 - Q70)

Fossil Fuels

Crude oils and natural gas exploration, crude oils and natural gas production, oil sands and heavy crude oils surface and sub-surface production and separation of the bitumen, tailings management, refining, processing and upgrading, coal production, separation and processing, transportation of fossil fuels.

  1. Crude oils and natural gas exploration

    Include development of advanced exploration methods (geophysical, geochemical, seismic, magnetic) for on-shore and off-shore prospecting.

  2. Crude oil and natural gas production and storage, include enhanced recovery natural gas production

    Include on-shore and off-shore deep drilling equipment and techniques for conventional oil and gas, secondary and tertiary recovery of oil and gas, hydro fracturing techniques, processing and cleaning of raw product, storage on remote platforms (e.g., Arctic, off-shore), safety aspects of offshore platforms.

  3. Oil sands and heavy crude oils surface and sub-surface production and separation of the bitumen, tailings management

    Include surface and in-situ production (e.g., SAGD), tailings management.

  4. Refining, processing and upgrading of fossil fuels

    Include processing of natural gas to pipeline specifications, and refining of conventional crude oils to refined petroleum products (RPPs), and the upgrading of bitumen and heavy oils either to synthetic crude oil or to RPPs. Upgrading may be done at an oil sands plant, regional merchant upgraders or integrated into a refinery producing RPPs.

  5. Coal production, separation and processing

    Include coal, lignite and peat exploration, deposit evaluation techniques, mining techniques, separation techniques, coking and blending, other processing such as coal to liquids, underground (in-situ) gasification.

  6. Transportation of fossil fuels

    Include transport of gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons via pipelines (land and submarine) and their network evaluation, safety aspects of LNG transport and storage.

Renewable energy resources

Solar photovoltaics (PV), solar thermal-power and high-temperature applications, solar heating and cooling, wind energy, bio-energy – biomass production, bio-energy – biomass conversion to fuels, bio-energy – biomass conversion to heat and electricity, other bio-energy, small hydro (less than 10 MW), large hydro (greater than or equal to 10 MW), other renewable energy.

  1. Solar photovoltaics (PV)

    Include solar cell development, PV-module development, PV-inverter development, building-integrated PV-modules, PV-system development, other.

  2. Solar thermal-power and high-temperature applications

    Include solar chemistry, concentrating collector development, solar thermal power plants, high-temperature applications for heat and power.

  3. Solar heating and cooling

    Include daylighting, passive and active solar heating and cooling, collector development, hot water preparation, combined-space heating, solar architecture, solar drying, solar-assisted ventilation, swimming pool heating, low-temperature process heating, other.

  4. Wind energy

    Include technology development, such as blades, turbines, converters structures, system integration, other.

  5. Bio-energy – Biomass production and transport

    Include improvement of energy crops, research on bio-energy production potential and associated land-use effects, supply and transport of bio-solids, bio-liquids, biogas and bio-derived energy products (e.g., ethanol, biodiesel), compacting and baling, other.

  6. Bio-energy – Biomass conversion to transportation fuel

    Include conventional bio-fuels, cellulosic-derived alcohols, biomass gas-to-liquids, other energy-related products and by-products.

  7. Bio-energy – Biomass conversion to heat and electricity

    Include bio-based heat, electricity and combined heat and power (CHP), exclude multi-firing with fossil fuels.

  8. Other bio-energy

    Include recycling and the use of municipal, industrial and agricultural waste as energy not covered elsewhere.

  9. Small hydro – (less than 10 MW)

    Include plants with capacity below 10 MW.

  10. Large hydro – (greater than or equal to 10 MW)

    Include plants with capacity of 10 MW and above.

  11. Other renewable energy

    Include hot dry rock, hydro-thermal, geothermal heat applications (including agriculture), tidal power, wave energy, ocean current power, ocean thermal power, other.

Nuclear fission and fusion

Materials exploration, mining and preparation, tailings management, nuclear reactors, other fission, fusion.

  1. Nuclear materials exploration, mining and preparation, tailings management

    Include development of advanced exploration methods (geophysical, geochemical) for prospecting, ore surface and in-situ production, uranium and thorium extraction and conversion, enrichment, handling of tailings and remediation.

  2. Nuclear reactors

    Include nuclear reactors of all types and related system components.

  3. Other fission

    Include nuclear safety, environmental protection (emission reduction or avoidance), radiation protection and decommissioning of power plants and related nuclear fuel cycle installations, nuclear waste treatment, disposal and storage, fissile material recycling, fissile materials control, transport of radioactive materials.

  4. Fusion

    Include all types (e.g., magnetic confinement, laser applications).

Electric Power

Generation in utility sector, combined heat and power in industry and in buildings, electricity transmission, distribution and storage of electricity.

  1. Electric power generation in utility sector

    Include conventional and non-conventional technology (e.g., pulverised coal, fluidised bed, gasification-combined cycle, supercritical), re-powering, retrofitting, life extensions and upgrading of power plants, generators and components, super-conductivity, magneto hydrodynamic, dry cooling towers, co-firing (e.g., with biomass), air and thermal pollution reduction or avoidance, flue gas cleanup (excluding CO2 removal), CHP (combined heat and power) not covered elsewhere.

  2. Electric power - combined heat and power in industry, buildings

    Include industrial applications, small scale applications for buildings.

  3. Electricity transmission, distribution and storage

    Include solid state power electronics, load management and control systems, network problems, super-conducting cables, AC and DC high voltage cables, HVDC transmission, other transmission and distribution related to integrating distributed and intermittent generating sources into networks, all storage (e.g., batteries, hydro reservoirs, fly wheels), other.

Hydrogen and fuel cells

Hydrogen production for process applications, hydrogen production for transportation applications, hydrogen transport and storage, other hydrogen, fuel cells, both stationary and mobile.

  1. Hydrogen production for process applications
  2. Hydrogen production for transportation applications
  3. Hydrogen transport and storage
  4. Other hydrogen

    Include end uses (e.g., combustion), other infrastructure and systems R&D (refuelling stations).

  5. Stationary fuel cells

    Include electricity generation, other stationary end-use.

  6. Mobile fuel cells

    Include portable applications.

Energy efficiency

Industry, residential and commercial, transportation, other energy efficiency.

  1. Energy efficiency applications for industry

    Include reduction of energy consumption through improved use of energy and/or reduction or avoidance of air and other emissions related to the use of energy in industrial systems and processes (excluding bio-energy-related) through the development of new techniques, new processes and new equipment, other.

  2. Energy efficiency for residential, institutional and commercial sectors

    Include space heating and cooling, ventilation and lighting control systems other than solar technologies, low energy housing design and performance other than solar technologies, new insulation and building materials, thermal performance of buildings, domestic appliances, other.

  3. Energy efficiency for transportation

    Includes analysis and optimisation of energy consumption in the transport sector, efficiency improvements in light-duty vehicles, heavy-duty vehicles, non-road vehicles, public transport systems, engine-fuel optimisation, use of alternative fuels (liquid and gaseous, other than hydrogen), fuel additives, diesel engines, Stirling motors, electric cars, hybrid cars, air emission reduction, other.

  4. Other energy efficiency

    Include waste heat utilisation (heat maps, process integration, total energy systems, low temperature thermodynamic cycles), district heating, heat pump development, reduction of energy consumption in the agricultural sector.

Other energy-related technologies

Carbon capture, transportation and storage for fossil fuel production and processing, electric power generation, industry in end-use sector, energy systems analysis, all other energy-related technologies.

  1. Carbon capture, transport and storage related to fossil fuel production and processing
  2. Carbon capture, transport and storage related to electric power production
  3. Carbon capture, transport and storage related to industry in end-use sector

    Include industry in the end-use sector, such as steel production, manufacturing, etc. (exclude fossil fuel production and processing and electric power production).

  4. Energy system analysis

    Include system analysis related to energy R&D not covered elsewhere, sociological, economical and environmental impact of energy which are not specifically related to one technology area listed in the sections above.

  5. All other energy technologies

    Include energy technology information dissemination, studies not related to a specific technology area listed above.

Environmental and clean technology products in 2020

Air pollution management

Activities aimed at reducing the emissions of pollutants (including greenhouse gases) to the atmosphere. Include pollution abatement and control (e.g., end-of-pipe processes) and pollution prevention (e.g., integrated processes), as well as related measurement, control, laboratories and the like.

Solid waste management

Activities related to the collection, treatment, storage, disposal, and recycling of all domestic, industrial, non-hazardous and hazardous waste (including low-level radioactive waste). Include monitoring activities. Exclude radioactive waste and mine tailings handling and treatment (to be reported under Protection against radiation and Wastewater management, respectively).

Wastewater management

Activities aimed at pollution reduction or prevention through the abatement of pollutants or the reduction of the release of wastewater. Include measures aimed at reducing pollutants before discharge, reducing the release of wastewater, septic tanks, treatment of cooling water, handling and treatment of mine tailings, etc.

Protection and remediation of soil, groundwater and surface water

Activities aimed at the prevention of pollution infiltration: remediation or cleaning up of soils and water bodies; protection of soil from erosion, salinization and physical degradation; monitoring, control, laboratories and the like. Exclude management of wastewater released to surface waters, municipal sewer systems or soil, or injected underground (to be reported under Wastewater management) and protection of biodiversity and habitat (to be reported under Protection of biodiversity and habitat).

Protection of biodiversity and habitat

Activities related to protecting wildlife and habitat from the effects of economic activity, and to restoring wildlife or habitat that has been adversely affected by such activity. Include related environmental measurements, monitoring, control, laboratories and the like.

Noise and vibration abatement

Activities aimed at controlling or reducing industrial and transport noise and vibration for the sole purpose of protecting the environment. Include preventive in-process modifications at the source, construction of anti-noise/vibration facilities, measurement, control, laboratories and the like.

Protection against radiation

Activities aimed at preventing, reducing, or eliminating the negative consequences of radiation on the environment. This includes all handling, transportation, and treatment of radioactive waste (i.e. waste that requires shielding during normal handling and transportation due to high radionuclide content), the protection of ambient media, measurement, control, laboratories and the like, as well as any other activities related to the containment of radioactive waste. Exclude activities and measures related to low-level radioactive waste (to be reported under Solid waste management), the prevention of technological hazards (e.g., external safety of nuclear power plants), and measures taken to protect workers.

Heat or energy savings and management

Activities aimed at reducing the intake of energy through in-process modifications (such as adjustment of production processes or heat and electricity co-generation), as well as reducing heat and energy losses. This includes insulation activities, energy recovery, measurement, control, laboratories and the like.

Renewable energy

Energy obtained from resources that naturally replenish or renew within a human lifespan (i.e. the resource is a sustainable source of energy). This includes wind, solar, aero-thermal, geothermal, hydrothermal and ocean energy, hydropower, biomass, landfill gas, sewage treatment plant gas and biogases.